LocatedinXilinGolLeagueofInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,theXilinhot-AbagavolcanicclusterisinthecentreoftheDaxing’anling-Datongvolcaniceruptionbelt.Morethan300Quaternarybasalticvolcanoesofdifferenttypesaredevelopedinthevolcaniceruptionbelt.Maarsarefoundforthefirsttimeinthestudyarea,withthoseinHaotewulainthesoutheastofAbagaqi,andChelewulaandEsigewulainthenorthwestofAbagaqitobethemostrepresentative.Theyallarelargeinscale,withconediametersgenerally3~4km,withthelargestupto6.5km.Themaarsshowintactstructure,asimilartwo-ringedmountainlandscapeandobviouslyphasederuptionwhichcontainedavigorousphreatomagmaticexplosionattheearlierstage,andweakmagmaticexplosionatthelaterstage,andbasalticlavaeffusioninthelaststage.Theeruptionsequencereflectstheinteractionbetweenmagmaandwater,thechangeofintrusivespeedandoutflowrateofmagma.TheMiddlePleistocenedepositsofsandandgravelinthevalleyarecoveredbybasalsurgedeposits.TheTLageofsandstone-shale"xenolith"whichwasfoundinthespatterdepositsclosetothecrateris(0.112±0.0096)Ma,indicatingthattheeruptiontimeoftheMaarswastheearlyLatePleistocene.
