Photothermalcancertherapyisanalternativetochemotherapy,radiotherapy,andsurgery.Withthedevelopmentofnanophotothermalagents,thistherapyholdsimmensepotentialinclinicaltranslation.However,thetoxicityissuesderivedfromthefactthatnanomaterialsaretrappedandretainedinthereticuloendothelialsystemslimittheirbiomedicalapplication.Developingbiodegradablephotothermalagentsisthemostpracticalroutetoaddresstheseconcerns.Inadditiontothephysicochemicalpropertiesofnanomaterials,variousinternalandexternalstimuliplaykeyrolesonnanomaterialsuptake,transport,andclearance.Inthisreview,wesummarizednovelnanoplatformsforphotothermaltherapy;thesenanoplatformscanelicitstimuli-triggereddegradation.Wefocusedontherecentinnovativedesignsendowedwithbiodegradablephotothermalagentsunderdifferentstimuli,includingenzyme,pH,andnear-infrared(NIR)laser.