Objective:Tomeasuremovementsofmarkersovertheprimarysiteandassociatedmimicmusclesincertainfacialexpressions,forevaluatingfacialparesisandsynkinesis.Methods:Participantsincluded22normalsubjectsaged45e66years.Maximumshift(Smax)andvelocity(Vmax)weremeasuredusingacustom-designed3-Ddynamicquantitativeanalysissystemoffacialmotion(3-DASFM)basedonmotioncapturetechnology.Measuresweretakenfromperi-oralmusclesduringforcefulbrowraisingandtighteyeclosure,andfrommusclesaroundtheeyeduringgrinning,right/left/bilateralmouthcornerraisingandsmiling.Results:1)Duringforcefulbrowraising,Smaxwas3.65e4.46mmformarkersoverperioralmuscles,withthemarkeroverthenasolabialfoldshowingaVmaxgreaterthanothers(60.60mm/sonleftand62.70mm/sonright).2)Intighteyeclosure,Smaxofperioralmusclemarkerswas1.58e1.92mm,withVmaxbeing11.40e14.76mm/s.3)Ingrinning,thelargesteyemusclemarkerSmaxwasseenatthelowerlid(3.93mmonleftand4.15mmonright)andthesmallestattheinnercanthus(1.59mmonleftand1.53mmonright),withthelargestVmaxseenattheupperlidandsmallestalsoattheinnercanthus(11.71mm/sonleftand11.09mm/sonright).4)Insmiling,thelargestnon-oralSmaxandVmaxwereseenattheupperlid(3.05mmand36.14mm/sonleftand2.53mmand28.90mm/sonright)andthesmallestalsoattheinnercanthus(0.69mmand7.22mm/sonleftand0.77mmand7.80mm/sonright).5)Inrightmouthcornerraising,SmaxandVmaxatlateralandmedialcanthusandatlowerlidweregreateronrightthanleft,whilethoseatupperlidandbrowwereslightlygreateronleftthanright.6)Inleftmouthcornerraising,SmaxandVmaxatlateralcanthusandupperandlowerlidsweregreateronleftthanright.Conclusions:Therearenoabsoluteimmobilepointsonthefacewhenmakingfacialexpressions.Inadditiontotheprimarymovementsite,thereareassociatedmovementsatotherpointsonthefacewithconsistent
