LiteralTranslationandFreeTranslationinNewsTranslation新闻翻译中的直译与意译

LiteralTranslationandFreeTranslationinNewsTranslation新闻翻译中的直译与意译

张文龙

张文龙

云南师范大学外国语学院云南昆明650500

Abstract:Asfornewstranslation,thefoundationofnewstranslationiscomprehensionandthekeypointisexpression.Ifnewswithoutbettercomprehension,itstranslationwillbewithnopoint,evenwilldefeattheoriginalpurpose;ifnewswithoutaproperexpressionandifthetranslatorcannotqualifyhimself,thetranslationmustbeconfusedtoreaders.Onlywiththecorrectcomprehensionandaccurateexpression,thenewstranslationcanbemorecompleteandmorespecific.Therearetwomainwaystotranslatenews:literaltranslationormeta-phrasingandfreetranslationorparaphrasing.Thistwomethodshasdifferentusingconditionsindifferentpartsofnews.Thispapermainlydiscusstheusingconditionofliteraltranslationandfreetranslationinnewstranslation.

Keywords:newstranslation;comprehension;expression;literaltranslation;freetranslation

Partthree:Exampleanalysis

1.Therearesomeexamplesofliteraltranslationandfreetranslationexistedinourdailylife:

(1).Occupied;Vacant(onetoiletsignonsomecivilaviation)

Literaltranslation:被占着的；空着的

Freetranslation:有人；无人

(2).Yourssincerely(politewordsonletter)

Literaltranslation:您忠诚的

Freetranslation:谨上、谨启

Theseexamplesobviouslyshowthebetteroffreetranslation.Althoughliteraltranslationkeepstheoriginaltext’sliteralmeaningandsentencestructure,thetranslationisfarmorebeyondtherealmeaning.,evensomecannotunderstand.So,fromthispointofview,freetranslationcanhelpusalot.However,thisdoesnotmeanwecanonlyusefreetranslationinnewsreports.Forexample:

1.IraqiPresidentSaddamHusseinyesterdayputhiscountryonawarfooting,pidingitintofourmilitarydistrictsunderhisdirectcommand.

伊拉克总统萨达姆·侯赛因昨天把他的国家置于战争轨道，把全国划分为4个军区，由他直接指挥。

2.AdelegatefromShandongprovincesaidthat“IbelieveWenJiabaowilldoanevenbetterjobthanPremierZhubecauseheisyounger”

“Eachhashisinpidualstrengthsandabilities.WenJiabaomaynotseemveryprominentincharacteratthemoment,butIbelievehewilldevelophisownstrengthsinthefuture.”

一位来自山东的代表说：“我相信温家宝会比朱总理做的更好，因为他更年轻。”

他说；“他们两人各有自己的优势和能力。温家宝的个性现时看上去可能还不太突出，但我认为，他的优势日后会展现出来。”

Thefollowingexamplesareselectedfromthenewspapers,andwecanfigureoutthedifferenceandtheadvantageofliteralandfreetranslation:

1.Americansarenotwelcomehere.(anadvertisementinSeoul,SouthKorea)

Literaltranslation:美国人在这里不受欢迎。

Freetranslation:这里不欢迎美国人；或美国人恕不招待。

2.“Myconcernisthatifcountriestalkaboutusingavetoinallsetsofcircumstances,themessagethatsendstoSaddamHusseinis:‘You’reoffthehook’,”BritishPrimeMinsterTonyBlairsaid.

Literaltranslation:“我关心的是，如果国家谈论在所有情况下都会使用否决权，传递给萨达姆·侯赛因的信息就是：‘你脱钩了’。”英国首相托尼·布莱尔说。

Freetranslation:英国首相托尼·布莱尔说：“我担心的是，如果声言不论在任何情况下都会使用否决权，那么，这些国家传递给萨达姆的信息就是：‘大胆干吧，你不会有事的。’”

Actually,the2thexampleconnectsthetwomethod.Andalltheseexamplescansummaryinonesentenceaboutliteraltranslationandfreetranslation:Whenitcannotuseliteraltranslationtotranslatenews,itshouldusefreetranslation;ifitcanuseboth,thenusetheliteraltranslationfirst;andmostly,itshouldbetranslatedbythecombinationofliteralandfreetranslation.

Conclusion

Tosumupalltheexamples,wecanfigureoutthatliteraltranslationandfreetranslationaretwomainmethodstotranslatenewsreports.Infact,thereisnospecifictranslationwithliteralorfreemethodinnewstranslation.Literaltranslationcanmakebothmeaningexpressionandoriginalform.Thepriorityofliteraltranslationistoexpressmeaning,andthenkeepformintact.Innewstranslation,wemaycannotunderstandthetranslation,thatisbecausewehavenobackgroundinformationordonotknowthecultureofthatcountry.Underthissituation,wemayusefreetranslation.FreetranslationmeansthatthemeaningexpressionisnotlimitedbySLfrom.Usingfreetranslationcanreviewthedeepmeaningandthelanguagevalueofthenews.Freetranslationisatranslationthatproducesthegeneralmeaningoforiginaltext.Itmayormaynotcloselyfollowtheformororganizationoforiginal,whichdifferfromliteraltranslation.Literaltranslationandfreetranslationmaybealternativelyusedintheprocessoftranslation.Theyarecomplimentary,insteadofcontradictory.Inthisway,wecanfindoutthatinnewstranslation,weshouldnotonlyexpressthetruemeaningoftheoriginalnewsbutalsomakesurethetranslationcanbeunderstoodbythetargetreader,andthisisthedutyofbothreporterandtranslator.

Reference

1.刘其中.《英汉新闻翻译》.北京：清华大学出版社,2009.7

2.刘洪潮.《怎样做新闻翻译》.北京：中国传媒大学出版社,2005

3.VideNida,TheTheoryandPracticeofTranslation,p.5.

4.VideNida,FromOneLanguagetoAnother,p.11.

作者简介：张文龙，男，汉族，云南师范大学2016级MTI硕士研究生。研究方向：英语笔译