上海政法学院语言文化学院(国际交流学院) 上海 201701
摘要:法律英语学习时,无论是合同法,还是诉讼和诉讼法,刑民法,国际法,国际贸易法,都会遇到表示撤销的同义词,要注意区别其用法。
关键词:withdraw, revoke, rescind, set aside, strike down
法律英语学习时,无论是合同法,还是诉讼和诉讼法,刑民法,国际法,国际贸易法,都会遇到表示撤销的同义词,笔者在这里简要介绍一下法律英语中常见表示撤销的词语, withdraw、revoke、rescind以及set aside,strike down的区别,用法。顺便补充一些表示撤销的其他说法及搭配,供学习者参考。
Withdraw
释义:
vt.撤回
撤回要约或者承诺,使之不发生法律效力(该法律文件还没有生效)
常见词组:
1.withdraw a lawsuit,撤诉;
2.withdraw appeal,撤回上诉;
3. withdraw an offer: 撤回要约
例句:
An offer, even if it is irrevocable, may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeree before or at the same time as the offer.
一项发价,即使是不可撤销的,得予撤回,如果撤回 通知于发价送达被发价人之前或同时,送达被发价人。
Withdrawal
释义:
n. 收回, 撤回,撤退,撤走
常见词组:
1. withdrawal slip,取款单,提款单;
2. withdrawal in advance,预支款,预提费用;
3. Withdrawal Protocol: 取款协议
例句:
An acceptance may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeror before or at the same time as the acceptance would have become effective.
接受得予撤回,如果撤回通知于接受原应生效之前或同时,送达发价人。
Revoke
释义:
Vt.撤销
宣告无效或者撤销某一行为,尤其是撤销是声明,文件或承诺,就好像它已不复存在一样(该法律行为或者文件已经生效,这是与withdraw不同的),与cancel, repeal, reverse, rescind是同义词
常用词组:
1. revoke a license,吊销执照;
2. revoke verbal evidence,翻供;
3.revoke an appeal,撤回上诉
例句:
Until a contract is concluded an offer may be revoked if the revocation reaches the offeree before he has dispatched an acceptance.
在未订立合同之前,发价得予撤销,如果撤销通知于被发价人发出接受通知之前送达被发价人。
We would urge this court to revoke bail.
我方敦促本庭 撤销保释。
Revocation
释义:
n.撤销
常见词组:
1.trademark revocation: 撤销商标;
2.parole revocation:撤销假释;
3.revocation of an offer,撤销要约
例句:
revocation of an offer must be communicated.
撤销要约通知必须送达被要约人。
Revocation can be either verbal or in writing.
撤销可以是口头的,也可以是书面的。
Rescind
释义:
vi. 废除;撤回;解除
取消合同,让合同各方回到没有订立合同时的位置。
常用词组:
rescind an agreement: 取消合约
例句:
Both parties may rescind or renew the contract via mutual consultation.
经双方协商一致的,可以解除或续订劳动合同。
The party of insurance contract could rescind the contract unilaterally according to the law and the contract or negotiation with the other party.
保险合同的当事人可以依据法律规定或者保险合同的约定单方解除合同,也可以协商解除合同。
Rescission
释义:
n. 解除;
用于宣布合同无效
常用词组:
1.legal rescission: 法定解除;
2.agreed rescission: 约定解除;
3.contract rescission: 合同解除;
4.unilateral rescission: 单方废止;
5.rescission action: 撤销之诉;
6.Rescission and termination:解除与终止条款
例句:
The contract of the modification, rescission or termination shall not affect the rights of the parties to claim damages.
合同的变更、解除或终止,不影响当事人要求赔偿损失的权利。
An arbitration agreement shall exist independently. Any changes to, rescission, termination or invalidity of the contract shall not affect the validity of the arbitration agreement.
仲裁协议独立存在,合同的变更、解除、终止或者无效,不影响仲裁协议的效力。
Set aside
释义:
撤销
通过另一法院的命令废除或否定原来法院命令或判决
例句:
The arbitration award was set aside by the court.
法院撤销了仲裁裁决。
Strike down
释义:
使无效
例句:
Spain's highest court struck down those laws.
西班牙最高法院撤销了这些法律。
On October 30th judges struck down their bid to delay its introduction.
10月30日,法官否决了他们企图延迟特许状问世的诉讼。
The court struck down the law on the grounds that it was unconstitutional.
法院以该法违宪为由宣告其无效。
结论:
虽然以上这些词都可以表示撤销或者撤回的意思,但是withdraw和revoke适用于合同订立之中,例如撤销要约等,在要约或承诺到达相对人之前(生效前)用withdraw, 生效后用revoke。
rescind更多的表示撤销合同,其实与declare a contract avoided或者terminate同义, Strike down表示法律或者判的无效。
除此之外,笔者收罗了一些表示撤销的其他说法或搭配,供大家参考。
Motion for dismissal
Irrevocable indictment
Reversed
Recall a decision
Reversal of miscarriage of justice
Cancel an order
Repeal a decree
Discontinuance of counter-claim
Avoidance of contract
Abrogation of judgment
Quash an indictment
Abandonment of appeal
Abatement of action
Termination of a power of attorney
Lift the curfew
ademption of a legacy or bequest
参考文献
李斐南等 2005«法律英语实务---中外法律文书编译» 广州:中山大学出版社
董晓波,2008.«实用商务英语写作教程» 北京:北京交通大学出版社
WYDICK R C. Plain English for Lawyers 5th ed. Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 2005
WALTZ J R, PARK R C, FRIEDMAN R D. Evidence, Cases and Materials 11th ed. New York: Foundation Press,2008