简介：Single-IonMicrobeam(SIM)isuniquelycapableofpreciselydeliveringapredefinednumberofchargedparticles(precisedosesofradiation)toindividualcellsorsub-cellulartargetsinsitu.Sincetheearly1990's,therehasbeenanever-increasinginterestindevelopingandapplyingtheSIMtechniquetoproblemsinradiobiologyforstudiesofcellandtissuedamagedbyionizingradiations.PotentialapplicationsforSIMinradiobiologycontinuestogrowandhavebeendiversified.Therearecurrentlymorethan14SIMfacilitiesworldwide,andtheyhavebeeninaconstantstateofevolution.ThispaperreviewsthecurrentstateofSIMresearchworldwideandtherelatedpivotaltechnologicaldevelopmentsinthefieldsofbothbiophysicsandradiobiology.RepresentativeapplicationsandtheperspectiveofSIMarealsointroducedanddiscussed.

简介：Inourpreviouswork,aplasmaapproachforsingleattosecondpulse(AP)generationwasproposed.Afew-cyclerelativisticcircularlypolarizedlaserpulsewillinduceasingledrasticoscillationofplasmaboundary,fromwhichhigh-orderharmonicsandfurthermoreanultra-intensesingleAPcanbegeneratednaturallyafteritisreflected.Analyticalmodelandsimulationsbothdemonstratethattheprocessismostlyefficientasthepulsedurationisclosetotheplasmarespondingtime.Theeffectsofplasmadensityrampareanalyzedhere,suggestingthattheproposalisstillquiteefficientwithappropriatedensitygradientintheramp.Atlast,acombinedapproachisemployedtoobtainsingleAPwith30fsincidentlaser.Therelativelylarge-durationpulseisfirstlyshortenedbyadensitydroppingthinfoil,andthenreflectedfromanoverdenseplasmatarget.One-dimensionalsimulationshowsthata600assinglelightpulseisgeneratedwithpeakintensityof3×1020W/cm2.

简介：A1-Dfluidmodelforhomogeneousdielectricbarrierdischarge(DBD)inheliumispresented,aimedatunravelingthespatial-temporalcharacteristicsoftwobasicdischargeregimes:single-breakdownandmulti-breakdowndischarges.Dischargecurrents,gapvoltages,chargedensities,electrontemperatureandelectricfieldprofilesofthetworegimesmakeitclearthatthesetworegimesarequalitativelydifferent.Itisfoundthatthemulti-breakdowndischargehasamorehomogeneousfluxondielectricscomparedtothesingle-breakdowndischarge.

简介：Inordertoinvestigatetheinjectioncurrentuniformityaroundtheinductioncellbores,twofullyelectromagnetic(EM)modelsarerespectivelyestablishedforasingle-stageinductioncellandaninductionvoltageadder(IVA)withthreecellsstackedinseries,withoutconsideringelectronemission.Bymeansofthesetwomodels,somefactorsaffectingtheinjectioncurrentuniformityaresimulatedandanalyzed,suchastheimpedancesofaddersandloads,celllocations,andfeedtimingofparalleldrivingpulses.Simulationresultsindicatethathigherimpedancesofadderandloadsareslightlybeneficialtoimproveinjectioncurrentuniformity.Astheimpedancesofadderandloadsincreasefrom5Ωto30Ω,theasymmetriccoefficientoffeedcurrentsdecreasesfrom10.3%to6.6%.Thecurrentnon-uniformitywithinthefirstcellisalittleworsethanthatinotherdownstreamcells.Simulationresultsalsoshowthatthefeedtimingwouldgreatlyaffectcurrentwaveforms,andconsequentlycausesomedistortioninpulsefrontsofcelloutputvoltages.Foragivendrivingpulsewithdurationtimeof70-80ns,thefeedtimingwithatimedeviationoflessthan20nsisacceptableforthethree-cellIVAs,justcausingtherisetimeofoutputvoltagestoincreaseabout5nsatmostandmakingthepeakvoltagedecreaseby3.5%.

简介：Inthisresearch,thenonlinearevolutionofjet-likespikesinthesingle-modeablativeRayleigh-Taylorinstability(ARTI)inthepresenceofpreheating,isstudiednumerically.Itisdemonstratedthatthepreheatingplaysanessentialroleintheformationofjet-likespikesinthenonlinearARTI.Theevolutionofjet-likespikesintheARTIwithpreheatingconsistsofthreestageswithdistinctlydifferentdistinguishingfeatures.Intheearlystage,thepreheatingcontributestosignificantlyincreasethedensity-gradientscalelengthandbroadenthevelocityprofileoftheablationsurface,wheretheformercanreducethelineargrowthoftheARTIandmitigatethegrowthofitsharmonics.Inthemiddlestage,theablativeKelvin-Helmholtzinstabilityisdramaticallysuppressedduetotheablationeffects.Inthelatestage,thejet’slength(i.e.bubble-spikeamplitude)isfurtherincreasedbythebubbleaccelerationinthehighlynonlinearARTI,resultingeventuallyintheformationofjet-likespikes.