简介:BacteriaofthegenusFlammeovirgacandigestcomplexpolysaccharides(CPs),butnodetailshavebeenreportedregardingtheCPdepolymerasesofthesebacteria.MY04,anagarolyticmarinebacteriumisolatedfromcoastalsediments,hasbeenidentifiedasanewmemberofthegenusFlammeovirga.TheMY04strainisabletoutilizemultipleCPsasasolecarbonsourceandgrowswellonagarose,mannan,orxylan.Thisstrainproduceshighconcentrationsofextracellularproteins(490mgL-1±18.2mgL-1liquidculture)thatexhibitefficientandextensivedegradationactivitiesonvariouspolysaccharides,especiallyagarose.Theseproteinshaveanactivityof310Umg-1±9.6Umg-1proteins.Theextracellularagarasesystem(EAS)inthecrudeextracellularenzymescontainsatleastfouragarosedepolymerases,whicharewithmolecularmassesofapproximately30-70kDa.TheEASisstableatawiderangeofpHvalues(6.0-11.0),temperatures(0-50℃),andsodiumchloride(NaCl)concentrations(0-0.9molL-1).TwomajordegradationproductsgeneratedfromagarosebytheEASareidentifiedtobeneoagarotetraoseandneoagarohexaose,suggestingthatβ-agarasesarethemajorconstituentsoftheMY04EAS.TheseresultssuggestthattheFlammeovirgastrainMY04anditspolysac-charide-degradationsystemholdgreatpromiseinindustrialapplications.
简介:以上海天文台佘山40cm折射望远镜于1958年拍摄的3张照相底片为第一期资料,印度Kavalur的2.34mVainuBappu望远镜于1996年用CCD拍摄的4幅图象为第二期资料,使用Brosche等人1985年发表的球状星团NGC4147天区42颗恒星的位置和绝对自行作为参考架,用中心重叠法进行天体测量归算,得到了这个星团中心附近11'×11'天区内到B=17.6mag为止115颗恒星的位置和绝对自行,并利用这些自行对成员概率作了估计,同时,还用VainuBappu望远镜的CCD进行了BVRI四色测光。本文给出了这115颗恒星的位置、绝对自行和成员概率数据,同时,还给出了用VainuBappu望远镜的CCD获得的这些恒星的BVRI测光数据。
简介:Severalpre-andpost-congressfieldtripswereorganizedinconnectionwiththe32ndInternationalGeologicalCongressheldinFlorence,Italy,duringAugust,2004.Oneofthese,thePrestigeFieldTrip(PR01--AtraversethroughCentralAsiaranges,fromtheIndianplatetotheKarakorum)lastedfor16daysfrom21Juneto6July.M.GaetanioftheUniversityofMilan(Italy)actedasLeaderandoverallOrganizer,withA.Zanchi(Univ.Milano-Bicocca),M.Q.Jan(Univ.ofPeshawar,Pakistan)andM.N.Chaudhry(PunjabUniversity,Pakistan)asAssociateLeaders.LocallogisticsweretakencareofbytheAdventureTours,Pakistan.
简介:WesternChinaexperiencedanextremehotsummerin2015,breakinganumberoftemperaturerecords.Thesummermeansurfaceairtemperature(SAT)anomalywastwicetheinterannualvariability.Thehottestdaytimetemperature(TXx)andwarmestnight-timetemperature(TNx)werethehighestinChinasince1964.Thisextremehotsummeroccurredinthecontextofsteadilyincreasingtemperaturesinrecentdecades.Wecarriedoutasetofexperimentstoevaluatetheextenttowhichthechangesinseasurfacetemperature(SST)/seaiceextent(SIE)andanthropogenicforcingdrovetheseverityoftheextremesummerof2015inwesternChina.Ourresultsindicatethatabout65%-72%oftheobservedchangesintheseasonalmeanSATandthedailymaximum(Tmax)anddailyminimum(Tmin)temperaturesoverwesternChinaresultedfromchangesinboundaryforcings,includingtheSST/SIEandanthropogenicforcing.Fortherelativeroleofindividualforcing,thedirectimpactofchangesinanthropogenicforcingexplainabout42%oftheSATwarmingand60%(40%)oftheincreaseinTNxandTmin(TXxandTmax)inthemodelresponse.ThechangesinSST/SIEcontributedtotheremainingsurfacewarmingandtheincreaseinhotextremes,whicharemainlytheresultofchangesintheSSToverthePacificOcean,whereasuperElNi?oeventoccurred.OurstudyindicatesaprominentroleforthedirectimpactofanthropogenicforcingintheseverityoftheextremehotsummerinwesternChinain2015,althoughthechangesinSST/SIE,aswellastheinternalvariabilityoftheatmosphere,alsomadeacontribution.