简介:在2010Yushu地震以后的二个小时,摇晃的紧张分发用基于地点效果的ShakeMap快速的产生系统被获得,由作者发展了,它集成原因的差错的构造设置,罢工和规模的信息,在西方的中国的焦点的机制solutions.fault破裂进程和变细关系,以及本地地点effects.The结果如下:摇紧张分发的主要的轴被指导NW-SE,平行到Yushu差错;meizoseismal区域到达紧张并且盖住300km2;紧张区域主要沿着原因的差错在区域40km东南和震中的15km西北被散布;由于本地土壤条件,有基岩上的紧张的区域的西北的部分看紧张是否从基岩变换成土壤;有紧张的区域,,分别地测量3,000km2,8,000km2,和24,000km2。
简介:OnApril14,2010at07:49(Beijingtime),acatastrophicearthquakewithMS7.1occurredatthecentralQinghai-TibetanPlateau.TheepicenterwaslocatedatYushucounty,QinghaiProvince,China.Atotalof2036landslidesweredeterminedfromvisualinterpretationofaerialphotographsandhighresolutionremotesensingimages,andverifiedbyselectedfieldinvestigations.Theselandslidescoveredatotalareaofabout1.194km2.Characteristicsandfailuremechanismsoftheselandslidesarelistedinthispaper,includingthefactthatthespatialdistributionoftheselandslidesiscontrolledbyco-seismicmainsurfacefaultruptures.Mostofthelandslidesweresmallscale,causingratherlesshazards,andoftenoccurringclosetoeachother.Thelandslideswereofvarioustypes,includingmainlydisruptedlandslidesandrockfallsinshallowsandalsodeep-seatedlandslides,liquefactioninducedlandslides,andcompoundlandslides.Inadditiontostronggroundshaking,whichisthedirectlandslidetriggeringfactor,geological,topographical,andhumanactivityalsohaveimpactontheoccurrenceofearthquaketriggeredlandslides.Inthispaper,fivetypesoffailuremechanismsrelatedtothelandslidesarepresented,namely,theexcavatedtoesofslopesaccompaniedbystronggroundshaking;surfacewaterinfiltrationaccompaniedbystronggroundshaking;co-seismicfaultslippingaccompaniedbystronggroundshaking;onlystronggroundshaking;anddelayedoccurrenceoflandslidesduetosnowmeltorrainfallinfiltrationatsiteswhereslopeswereweakenedbyco-seismicgroundshaking.Besidesthemainco-seismicsurfaceruptures,slopefissureswerealsodelineatedfromvisualinterpretationofaerialphotographsinhighresolution.Atotalof4814slopefissures,withatotallengthupto77.1km,werefinallymapped.Theseslopefissuresaremainlydistributedontheslopeslocatedatthesoutheasternendofthemainco-seismicsurfacerupturezone,anareasubjecttostrongcompressionduringtheeart
简介:1988年,Ongkiehong等在其“关于通用地震数据采集技术”一文中陈述了采用96道地震仪陆上作业是通过减少线性组合,增加最大偏移距,走向不均匀采样的第一步。通用采集意指我们在采集期间不再被迫提交处理或者最终解释网格,但是在后来的各个时期,我们有改变处理、解释面元大小的能力,它取决于在研究中对特殊处理、解释目标的采样需要。Ongkiehong等(1988年)称之为“不受约束的采集”。2000年在沙特阿拉伯,我们动用了一个高密度、单扫描的2880道地震队,配备有每道单检波器串,每串12个检波器,完成了通用陆上采集任务。对于二维中间放炮排列采集而言,这种观测形式准许记录7200m偏移距、纵向采样间隔为非常密集的5m地震数据。满覆盖采集(即炮点距为5m)产生了2+5m的共中心点(CMP)距、正常1440次覆盖的数据采集。这种密集的空间采样间隔并结合重叠排列,保证了整个波场在期望的空间频带宽度内无假频,并且对所有目的层(浅、中、深层)均可满足二雏覆盖要求。因为非常复杂的近地表盖层覆盖了深部含油气目的层,所以这一点是非常有意义的。因此,勘探目标激励计算中心具有处理5米间距原始数据的选择方案。它用一个受限制的全偏移距和时间变化范围解决近地表问题并用叠加或以上所论述的5m倍数(如25或30m)的任一采样间距产生野外记录。实际上,从常规480道二维地震队转变为通用单扫/单串2880道地震队的采集成本相近,这是因为野外工作量相同(每线性千米的扫描数和检波器串数)。这种通用采集的转变需要约定、对策而且是综合考虑的。本文选了3个高密度野外采集试验,论证了高信噪比区的资料品质,重新分析不受约束的野外排列设计的综合影响和提高较差资料区的信噪比的处理,同时检验
简介:摘要随着铁路交通的快速发展,铁路隧道成为铁路建设中很重要的一环,笔者通过多年工作经验,首先阐述了CD法的特点及工艺原理,然后对施工技术要点进行详细的探讨,最后总结了施工中应注意的几个问题,希望对今后类似围岩较差、断面较大的工程具有参考价值。
简介:AnearthquakewithM7.1occurredinYushu,QinghaiProvince,China,at07:49a.m.onApril14,2010,accordingtotheChineseSeismicStationNetwork.Thesequenceisafore-mainafter-shocktypesequence.AforeshockwithM4.7occurred2hoursand11minutesbeforethemainshock.Therewere12foreshocksand2385aftershocksuntilJune31,2010.Inwhich,thereare21aftershocksbetweenM3.0andM3.
简介:KelanaJayaMunicipalParkisapopularrecreationparkinPetalingJaya.Thefivelakes,locatedwithinthePark,wereex-miningponds,functioningasfloodretentionpondsandreceivingeffluentsfromnearbyhumanactivitiesmainlyfromresidentsandtransportation.Astudywasconductedtodeterminethedistributionandsourcesofheavymetals(Cd,CuandZn)inthesedimentsofKelanaJayaLakes.ConcentrationsofCd,Cu,andZnforsurfacesedimentweredeterminedbyusingaqua-regiamethodandsequentialextractiontechnique.TotalCdconcentrationsrangedfrom0.48μg/gto2.68μg/gdryweight(dw)foralllakes.TotalCdconcentrationsinsedimentofalllakesexceededCCME(CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment,2001)guidelines.TotalCuconcentrationsrangedfrom7.37μg/gto73.6μg/g(dw).OnlyCuconcentrationinonelakeexceededtheCCMEguidelinesbesideshavingthehighestmeanconcentrationamongall.TotalZnconcentrationsrangedfrom107μg/gto529μg/g(dw).Again,TheZnconcentrationsinthreelakeswerefoundtoexceedCCMEguidelinesforZnconcentrationinfreshwatersediment.GeochemicalstudyonsedimentrevealedthatnonresistantfractionsforCd,CuandZnforotherlakesthereCuandZnindicatedthatlakesinthepark,especiallynearoxidationpondandmonsoondrains,couldhavereceivedanthropogenicmetalsfromdomesticwastes.RehabilitationprogramandregularbiomonitoringatKelanaJayaLakesarethereforerecommended.
简介:WMO农业气象学委员会(CAgM)第14次届会于2006年10月28日至11月3日在印度首都新德里召开。2006年10月28日上午10时CAgM主席P.R.Motha先生(美国)宣布会议开幕。以中国气象局副局长许小峰博士为团长的中国代表团一行6人出席了此次届会。代表团成员包括预测减灾司副司长翟盘茂研究员、国家气象中心农业气象与生态室主任王建林、国家气候巾心气候影响评估室主任张强、中国气象科学研究院姜朝阳博士后和国际合作司双边处钱鑫,此外,中国气象局还派出4名外事服务巾心的翻译担任会议同声传译工作。会议期间,大家齐心协力,团结合作,圆满完成了会议各项议程。
简介:显-隐式组合数值积分算法结合了显式算法无需迭代和隐式算法无条件稳定的各自优点,是结构抗震拟动力试验顺利运行的关键.在对传统显式中央差分法和隐式Newmarkβ组合算法进行参数修正的基础上,建立了修正CD-Newmark算法,考虑阻尼的影响分析了组合算法的稳定性条件、周期失真率和数值阻尼比,分别得到了试验子结构的稳定性条件和计算子结构无条件稳定的参数合理取值范围,并对计算精度进行了分析.通过算例分析验证了算法的数值特性,从而初步解决了CD-Newmark算法存在稳定性界限过严的问题,为结构抗震拟动力混合试验提供了研究参考.
简介:Theauthorsstudiedtheseismicactivity,precursoryanomaliesandabnormalanimalbehaviorbeforetheApril14,2010MS7.1Yushuearthquake.AnalysisshowedthatanomalieswerenotrichbeforetheMS7.1Yushuearthquake,butprominentanomalieswereobserved,suchasthelongandmid-termtrendanomalycharacterizedbytheseismicquiescenceofMS6.0,MS5.0andMS4.0earthquakes,andtheanomaliesinprecursorobservationofsurfacewatertemperatureinYushuandDelinghaandelectromagneticmeasurementinPingan.Therewerealargenumberofanimalbehavioranomaliesappearingoneweekbeforetheearthquake.AnM4.7earthquakeoccurred130minutesbeforethemainshock.Inthispaper,westudiedthedynamicprocessoftheYushuearthquakepreparationusingtheearthquakefocalmechanismsolutionsontheBayanHarblockboundarysince1996.TheresultsshowthattheKalakunlunM7.1earthquakein1996,theManiM7.5earthquakeandtheYushuMS7.1earthquakehavethesamedynamicprocess.Longandmid-termtrendanomaliesmayberelatedtothedynamicsofevolutionofdifferentearthquakes.Thispaperalsodiscussestherecurrenceintervalofstrongearthquakes,foreshockidentificationandprecursorobservationoftheYushuMS7.1earthquake.