简介:综合利用辽宁省及周边区域9部多普勒天气雷达组网拼图资料与地面加密自动气象站降水观测资料,通过最优化法,建立适合辽宁本地区的动态Z-I关系,实时得到高时空分辨率雷达定量降水反演资料。结果表明:对2011年台风"米雷"和2012年台风"达维"降水反演表明,动态Z-I关系法可以反演地面降水的主要空间分布特征,但反演的强降水中心存在较大偏差;动态Z-I关系法定量降水反演能力整体优于固定Z-I关系法,但存在高估小雨强度和抑制大雨强度的系统性偏差,特别是对于20.0mm·h^-1以上量级的强降水,平均误差达-10.0mm以上,平均相对误差超过70.0%;各量级降水样本所占比例的差异与地理区域气候条件的差异,是动态Z-I关系法反演降水产生误差的两个主要原因。
简介:Distributionalfeaturesofδ18OinprecipitationinChinaZHANGXinpingDepartmentofGeography,HunanNormalUniversity,Changsha410081CHINA...
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简介:ThreesamplingcrosssectionsalongthesouthpathstartingfromtheTropicsthroughthevaporpassageintheYunnan-GuizhouPlateautothemiddle-lowreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,thenorthpathfromWestChina,viaNorthChina,toJapanunderthewesterlies,andtheplateaupathfromSouthAsiaovertheHimalayastothenorthernTibetanPlateau,aresetup,basedontheIAEA(InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency)/WMOglobalsurveynetworkandsamplingsitesontheTibetanPlateau.Thevariations,andtherelationshipwithprecipitationandtemperature,oftheδ18Oinprecipitationalongthethreecrosssectionsareanalyzedandcompared.Alongthesouthpath,theseasonaldifferencesofmeanδ18OinprecipitationaresmallatthestationslocatedintheTropics,butincreasemarkedlyfromBangkoktowardsthenorth,withtheδ18Ointherainyseasonsmallerthaninthedryseason.Theδ18Ovaluesinprecipitationfluctuateonthewhole,whichshowsthattherearedifferentvaporsources.Alongthenorthpath,theseasonaldifferencesofthemeanδ18OinprecipitationforthestationsinthewestofZhengzhouareallgreaterthanintheeastofZhengzhou.Duringthecoldhalfoftheyear,themeanδ18OinprecipitationreachesitsminimumatUrumqiwiththelowesttemperatureduetothewide,coldhighpressureoverMongolia,thenincreasesgraduallywithlongitude,andremainsatroughlythesamelevelatthestationseastwardfromZhengzhou.Duringthewarmhalfoftheyear,theδ18Ovaluesinprecipitationarelowerintheeastthaninthewest,markedlyinfluencedbythesummermonsoonoverEastAsia.Alongtheplateaupath,themeanδ18OvaluesinprecipitationintherainyseasonarecorrespondinglyhighinthesouthernpartsoftheIndiansubcontinent,andthendecreasegraduallywithlatitude.Asharpdepletionofthestableisotopiccompositionsinprecipitationtakesplaceduetotheverystrongrainoutofthestableisotopiccompositionsinvaporintheprocessofliftingoverthesouthernslopeo
简介:摘要文章首先列举了现阶段建筑工程质量所存在的问题,在此基础上,阐明只有牢固树立质量意识,建立健全建筑质量相关法律法规和监督体系,做好事中检查,强化事后验收,才能规范建筑企业管理,切实提高工程质量。
简介:Theproblemofpierscouringhasbeenstudiedbymanyinvestigatorsduetoitsimportanceinbridgepierfoundationdesign.Acriticalreviewoftheuptodateworkonpierscouringhasbeenpresentedhighlightingthescourmechanism,parametersaffectingscour,timedependentscour,scourestimationformulasandprotectionworks