简介:本文提供了从1975年至今在北海采用的EOR技术的总结和指导原则。在北海已经采用的5项技术是注混相烃气、WAG、SWAG(水气同时交替注入)、FAWAG(泡沫辅助水气交替注入)和MEOR。用每项EOR技术的各自成熟程度或成熟期、技术应用限制以及在增油基础上的工艺效率,鉴定在北海已经采用的每种EOR技术。除了在Ekofisk油田进行的WAG和在SnorreCFB进行的FAWAG外,所有技术都在相应的油田获得了成功。认为注混相烃气和WAG在北海是成熟技术。在北海最普遍采用的技术是WAG并且被认为是最成功的EOR技术。出现的主要问题是注入能力(WAG、SWAG和FAWAG项目)、注入系统监测和油藏非均质性(注混相烃气、WAG、SAWAG、和FAWAG项目)。在报道的所有EOR技术矿场应用中,有约63%是在挪威大陆架进行的,有32%是在英国大陆架进行的,其余的是在丹麦大陆架进行的。Statoil是在北海进行EOR技术矿场应用的领先者。以后,大部分研究将集中在微生物工艺、注C02和WAG(包括SWAG)方面。在这次评述中没有考虑室内技术、世界统计、模拟工具和经济评价,因为这些方面超出了本文的范围。
简介:Rèsumèonnewmonograph“AdvanceinMathematicalSeismology”edit┐edbyJunjiKoyama&FengDeyiThenewmonograph“AdvanceinMathematicalSeismo...
简介:ResearchonnonlinearR/SmethodanditspplicationinearthquakepredictionBi-QuanWANG(王碧泉);Han-MingHUANG(黄汉明);Hong-ShunFAN(范洪顺);Chuen...
简介:ThedistributionofmonthlymeanerrorofNMCmodelforecastsanditsseasonalvariationareinvesti-gated.Theratioofmonthlymeanerrortostandarddeviationisusedheretofindoutthattheregionwhereacorrectionofsystematicerrorisneededandappropriateismainlyinlowlatitudes.Theimprovement,afterthemodel’sverticalresolutionandsomephysicalparameterswerechangedfromApril1985,isinvestigated,andtheNMCoperationalmodelforecastshavealsocomparedwiththoseofECMWF.
简介:摘要:自古以来,人工开凿水道一直是农业灌溉的关键环节。伴随我国农业的迅速发展,以灌溉为目的的人工渠道形式也呈现出梯形、U形等多种形式。其中,通过大量的实践活动,得出的理论基础是:U型渠道与其他渠道相比,具有耐久、方便等特点,在中小型农田灌溉中能起到比较广泛的作用。U形沟道在农业灌溉的具体应用中,需要综合考虑沟道的地形、地势、海拔、温度等因素,在荒漠、戈壁等干旱地区,实际设计沟道时,需适当改变沟道外倾角,以减少水分蒸发,提高水资源利用率,节约用水;在高纬度地区、高原地区等低温条件下,沟道内衬混凝土时,需适当增加U形沟道外倾角,增加其抗寒能力和稳定性,防止沟道在极端气候条件下遭到破坏。
简介:ThispaperpresentsthefirstspecificstudyoftheTh-andU-bearingminerals,whichwererecentlyfoundintheSEMediterraneanmarginofSpain(ElHoyazoarea,Almeriaprovince).ThesemineralsareREEphosphates(mainlymonazite)whichoccurasamoeboidal-to-elongateinclusions,fromaround10120μmto120μm,hostedinsinglegarnetcrystalsfromdacitelavasandmetamorphicrocksfromtheElHoyazoVolcanicComplex.ThandUcontentsarehigherthan1wt%,with3.04to5.62wt%forTh02,and0.7to1.75wt%forUO2.Bothelementsarealsofoundinxenotime(ThO2:0.24,UO2:0.27wt%).Giventhattheerosionofthevolcanicsourcerockshasgenerateda“placer-type”depositofmonazitesandsandthatgarnets(maincarriersofmonazite)arebeingcommercialised,anenvironmentalmonitoringandmanagementplanshouldbeurgentlyexecutedinthearea.
简介:Themultivariatestatisticalanalysisisprofitablyapplicabletothestudyofconodontmultielementtaxonomy.R-modeclusteranalysesofquantitativeand0-1dataarecarriedoutheretoclassifymorethan6000discreteLowerTriassicconodontspecimensbelongingto108kindsofconodontelementsfromWesternGuangxi.TheresultsofR—modeclusteranalysisrevealmoredirectlytherelationshipamongmanyisolatedconodontelements,andtheyalsoprovethatthere-sultsofthelogicalinferencearebasicallycorrect,i.e.108kindsofconodontelementscanbeidenti-fiedinto32speciesbelongingto11generaofconodonts.TheapplicationofR-modeclusteranalysismultielementtaxonomybythemethod,hasbroughtabout4significantconclusions,whichcanbeusedbyconodontresearchersasreference.
简介:MarbleisassociatedwithultrahighpressureeclogiteintheDabieMountains.EastChina.U-Pbisotopedataforthemarbledefinea238U-206Pbisochronageof435±45awithaninitial206Pb/204Pbvalueof18.075±0.006,Theageof-435MaisinterpretedtorepresentthetimeoflimestonediagensisratherthanthetimeofmetarmorphicresettingaccompaniedbytheformationoftheultrahighpressureeclogitesatTriassic.ThepaleontologicandstratigraphicstudiesalsofavoralocalexcursioninthecarbonisotopiccompositionofthelatestordovicianwaterwithinasedimentarybasinbetweentheSino-KoreanandYangtzecratos.Becasusethelatestordovicianlimestonewasinvolvedintheeclogiteformation,thecontinentalcollisionbetweentheYangtzeandSino-KoreanPlateswouldpostdateordovican.
简介:Calculations,accordingtosomeopen-systemmodels,pointoutthatwhileastatisticallysignificantdiscrepancybetweentheresultsoftwoU-seriesmethods,^230Th/^234Uand^227Th/^220Th(or^231Pa/^235U),attestsarelativelyrecentandimportanturaniummigration,concordantdatescannotguaranteecloses-systembehaviorofsample.Theresultsof20fossilbonesfrom10Chinesesites,19ofwhicharedeterminedbytwoU-seriesmethods,aregiven,Judgingfromindependentagecontrols,8outofthe11concordantagesetsareunacceptable,Theresultsinthispapersuggestthaturaniummaycycleintooroutoffossilbones,suchgeochemicaleventsmaytakeplaceatanytimeandnoknownpreservingconditionmaysecurelyprotectthemfrombeingaffected.Soforthesitewwehavestudied,theU-seriesdatingoffossilbonesisoflimitedreliability.
简介:GlobalabruptclimatechangefromMarinoansnowballEarthtogreenhouseEarth,recordedascapcar-bonateoverlainondiamictite,hadshedthefirstlightonCambrianbio-radiation.Themostdocumentedcapcar-bonatesectionsaretypicalwithcomprehensiveδ13Cneg-ativevaluesandubiquitoussedimentarystructures,suchastepee-like,sheet-cracketc.,whichareassociatedwithsuccessiveglacialeustaticvariationcausedbyisostaticreboundinshallow-waterfacies.Herewereportadeep-waterbasinalcapcarbonatesectionwithstrongnegativeδ13CvaluesinthesouthernmarginoftheQinlingOrogen,Heyu,ChengkouCounty,ChongqinginChina,whichconsistsofmassivedolostonewithabundantcarbonaceouslaminae.However,itlacksthesedimentarystructureasmentionedaboveandisoverlainbythin-beddedsiliciousshalesandcherts.AK-bentonitebedwasdiscoveredwithinthebaseofcapcarbonates,about0.7mabovethetopoftheMarinoandiamictite.Magmaticzirconsthatweresep-aratedfromtheK-bentonitebedyieldaSIMSconcordiaU-Pbageof634.14-1.9Ma(lσ,MSWDcE=0.31,ProbabilityCE=1.000,n-=20).TheageisingoodagreementwithpreviouslyreportedTIMSU-PbagesfortheterminationofMarinoanglaciationandprovidesageochronologicalconstraintfortheEdiacaransuccessionsintheQinlingOrogen.
简介:摘要: 考虑钢筋混凝土 U 型槽结构产生裂缝的因素,结合武汉市东湖国家自主创新示范区有轨电车 T2 试验线 U 型槽结构的实际情况,分析 U 型槽裂缝产生的原因,并提出控制措施。
简介:【摘要】通过驮英水库及灌区工程总干渠标段工程实例,介绍了“U”型渡槽15m跨槽身混凝土模板支撑体系布局及计算过程,对类似工程施工具有参考价值。
简介:采用哈巴河县观测站1961—2008年逐月平均气温、平均最高、平均最低气温资料.利用一元回归和R/S方法,分析了哈巴河县四季和年平均气温、年平均最高气温、年平均最低气温的变化特征。结果表明:近48年以来,哈巴河县冬、夏、秋季平均气温及全年平均气温序列均表现为升温的趋势,其中冬季升温最为明显:四季和年平均最高和最低气温近48年来也呈上升趋势.并且四季和年平均最低气温的上升趋势比四季和年平均最高气温的上升趋势显著。经R/S分析表明,未来四季中夏、秋、冬季及年平均气温仍呈上升趋势且持续时间较长,而春季气温上升趋势不明显;四季和年平均最高、最低气温未来上升的趋势也将继续存在,且最低气温的持续性比最高气温的持续性长,夏、秋两季最低气温升温趋势相对其他两季较为明显,而夏、冬两季的最高气温的升温趋势相对其他两季较为明显。总之.近48年来哈巴河县气温总体变化趋势存在明显的hurst现象.未来这种现象也仍将持续。