简介:The^Siand^1Hhigh-resolutionliquid-phaseNMRhasbeenusedtoinvestigatethehydrolysisprocessofthetetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS).^1H-NMRspectroscopyshowsthatthehydrolysisofTEOSinTPAisfasterthaninTEA.TheimpactsofTPAandTEAontheTOEShydrolysisprocessanditshydrolyzedproductdistributionhavebeenobservedby^29Si-NMRrespectively.Theinfluencesofwaterandtheisopropylalcoholonhydrolysishavealsobeendiseussed.ThepresenceofTBOTmarksanevidentdifferentiationbetweenTPAandTEAforhydrolysisin^29Si-NMRspectra.
简介:AninnovativeapproachtoH2Scapturehasbeendevelopedusingseveralmetal-basedionicliquids([Bmim]Cl·CuCl2,[Bmim]Cl·FeCl3,[Bmim]Cl·ZnCl2,[Bmim]Br·CuCl2,and[Bmim]Br·FeCl3)immobilizedonthesol-gelderivedsilica,whichissuperiortopurelyviscousionicliquidwithacruciallimitofhightemperature,lowmasstransferrate,andmassloss.TheadsorbentswerecharacterizedbytheFouriertransforminfraredspectrometer,transmissionelectronmicroscope,N2adsorption/desorption,X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy,andthermalanalysistechniques.TheeffectsofthemetalandhalogeninIL,theloadingamountofIL,andtheadsorptiontemperaturewerestudiedbydynamicadsorptionexperimentsatagasflowrateof100mL/min.TheH2Sadsorptionresultshaveshowedthattheoptimaladsorbentandadsorptiontemperatureare5%[Bmim]Cl·CuCl2/silicageland20-50℃,respectively.H2Scanbecapturedandoxidizedtoelementalsulfur,and[Bmim]Cl·CuCl2/silicagelcanbereadilyregeneratedbyair.TheexcellentefficiencyofH2Sremovalmaybeattributedtotheformationofnano-scaledandhigh-concentration[Bmim]Cl·CuCl2confinedinsilicagel,indicatingthattheimmobilizationof[Bmim]Cl·CuCl2onthesol-gelderivedsilicacanbeusedforH2Sremovalpromisingly.
简介:Nitrobenzene-containingindustrialwastewaterwasdegradedinthepresenceofozonecoupledwithH2O2byhighgravitytechnology.Theeffectofhighgravityfactor,H2O2concentration,pHvalue,liquidflow-rate,andreactiontimeontheefficiencyforremovalofnitrobenzenewasinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthehighgravitytechnologyenhancestheozoneutilizationefficiencywithO3/H2O2showingsynergisticeffect.ThedegradationefficiencyintermsoftheCODremovalrateandnitrobenzeneremovalratereached45.8%and50.4%,respectively,underthefollowingreactionconditions,viz.:ahighgravityfactorof66.54,apHvalueof9,aH2O2/O3molarratioof1:1,aliquidflowrateof140L/h,anozoneconcentrationof40mg/L,aH2O2multipledosingmodeof6mL/h,andareactiontimeof4h.Comparedwiththeperformanceofconventionalstirredaerationmixers,thehighgravitytechnologycouldincreasetheCODandnitrobenzeneremovalraterelatedwiththenitrobenzene-containingwastewaterby22.9%and23.3%,respectively.
简介:本文参照ASTMD4291-04(09)《用过发动机润滑油中微量乙二醇的测定气相色谱法》,建立了气相色谱法-FID检测法测定在用发动机油中乙二醇含量的方法。将在用发动机油样品用正乙烷稀释后用水萃取,再用气相色谱法测定。色谱柱的选择为:填充柱长1.2m,外径6.4mm玻璃柱;键合聚乙二醇熔融石英毛细管柱长15m,内径0.53mm,夜膜厚度2.0μm。对ASTMD4291-04(09)标准推荐的色谱条件进行了修正,在选定色谱条件下,建立了乙二醇质量浓度与平均峰面积的标准曲线,R2达0.9999(填充柱法)和0.9980(毛细管柱法)。对不同在用汽油机油、柴油机油及自配样品的测定结果表明,新建方法的重复性、再现性均满足ASTMD4291-04(09)标准要求,适用于乙二醇质量浓度在6.6~195mg/kg范围内在用发动机油样品的定量检测,可满足在用发动机油中乙二醇含量监测的需要.
简介:TheesterificationoflauricacidwithmethanolcouldbeefficientlycatalyzedbyZrOCl2·8H2O,andthisreactionwasstudiedtodevelopagreenmethodforbiodieselproduction.Theinfluencingfactors,suchasamountofcatalyst,reactiontimeandmolarratioofacidtomethanol,wereinvestigated.TheresultsindicatedthattheZrOCl2·8H2Ocatalystshowedhighcatalyticactivity,andgavea97.0%methyllaurateconversionrateunderthefollowingoptimizedconditions,viz.:alauricacid/methanolmolarratioof1:10,acatalystdosageof4%,andareactiondurationof2hatmethanolrefluxingtemperature.Thecatalystcouldbeeasilyrecoveredwhileitsactivitycouldbewellretainedafterthreecycles.TheZrOCl2·8H2Ocatalystalsoexhibitedexcellentcatalyticactivityfortheesterificationofdifferentfreelong-chainfattyacids(includingnonedibleoilswithhighacidvalue)withdifferentshortcarbonchainalcohols.Therefore,theZrOCl2·8H2Ocatalysthasgoodpotentialforthesynthesisofbiodieselfromlow-costfeedstockssuchaswastevegetableoilsandnon-edibleoils.
简介:通过对安塞油田H区长6油层组岩心观察、测试及测井资料的统计分析和研究,讨论了研究区长6油层组长61-2、长62-1和长62-2小层的非均质性特征,并分析了各类非均质性对储层含油性的影响和控制作用。研究表明,长6油层组各小层层内和层间非均质性整体较强,平面非均质性较弱。储层垂向上粒度的韵律性及层理构造特征是影响储层含油性的重要因素;层内渗透率非均质性及层间分层系数的差异对储层含油性的影响较弱;层间有效砂岩密度的差异对储层含油性具有一定的控制作用,但不是主要控制因素;储层含油性主要受储层砂体平面展布和储层物性的控制;储层孔隙结构的微观非均质性控制着油气进入储层的饱满程度。