简介：Thespraybehaviorsofthecombinedtrapezoidspraytray(CTST)haveasignificanteffectonthegas-liquidinterface.Inthispaper,thesprayprocessofCTSTinacolumn,570mmindiameter,wasexperimentallyinvestigatedbyusingahigh-speedcamera,andatheoreticalmodeloftheaveragedropletsizewasestablishedaccordingtotheunstablewavetheory.Theresultsdemonstratedthatgasvelocitypassingthroughtheholeisthekeyfactoraffectingthesprayangle,whichincreasesgraduallywithanincreaseinthegasvelocity.Whenthegasvelocityexceeds7.5m/s,thesprayanglebecomesstableataround55°.Theaverageflowvelocityoftheliquidsheetatthespray-holeincreasessignificantlywithanincreaseinthegasvelocity,anddecreasesslightlywithanincreaseintheliquidflowrate;moreover,itincreasesfromthebottomofsprayholeupwardtothetop.ThedensityofliquiddropsdistributioninthesprayareacanbedescribedbytheRosinRammlerfunction.Inaddition,theliquiddropsaremainlyconcentratedintheareaofsprayanglerangingfrom20°to40°,andtheygraduallybecomeuniformwiththeincreaseinthegasvelocityandtheliquidflowrate.Theaverageliquiddropsizedeceaseswithanincreaseinthegasvelocity,andincreasesslightlywithanincreasingliquidflowrate.Inthenormalworkingrange,theaverageliquiddropsizeisabout1.0mmto2.5mmindiameter.

简介：TheVenturi-roddecktrayisatypeofdualflowtraysusedinfluegasdesulfurization(FGD)process.Inthispaper,thehydrodynamiccharacteristicsoftheVenturi-roddecktraywerestudiedintheexperimentsandcomparedwiththeconventionalsievetray.Resultsshowedtheturndownratioofthistraywasintherangeof2.71-3.77,whichwasby9%higherthanthesievetray.Besides,thepressuredropofthistraywasbymorethan50%lowerthanthesievetray.Basedontheexperimentaldata,thecorrelationfunctionsforthepressuredropandthefrothheight,respectively,wereobtained.TheindustrialscaleuppracticeofthistrayinFGDprocesswasdescribedwiththeefficiencyofthistraydemonstrated.

简介：CatalystcontainingshapeselectivezeoliteisusedtoinvestigatethecatalyticcrackingcharacteristicsofpalmoilandthreetypesofhydrocarbonVGOsonafixedfluidizedbed(FFB)unit.Theadvantageofproducinglightolefinsandlightaromaticsbycatalyticcrackingofplantoilisdiscussed.Resultsindicatethatthehydrocarbylgroupoftheplantoilmoleculeisquitereadilycrackable;theC6-C8aromaticsyieldiswellaboveandthelightolefinsyieldisaboutthesamewiththehydrocarbonfeeds,whiletheyieldsoflowvalueproductsarelower;thehydrocarbylgroupoftheplantoilmoleculehasstrongtendencyofaromatization,andcanenterthezeoliteporestoselectivelyformC6-C8aromatics;duringcatalyticcrackingofplantoilandfattyacids,aportionoftheoxygenisremovedintheformofwaterthroughhydrogentransferreaction,whileolefinsarepreventedfrombeingsaturated,whichcanensureproperyieldsofbothlow-carbonolefinsandlightaromatics.

简介：TheVRDSfeedstockprocessedinrefineriesalongtheYangtzeRiverhasspecialcharacteristics,includinghighFeandCacontent,andlowsulfurandhighnitrogencontent.Dependinguponfeedstockpropertiesandoperatingconditions,someapproacheshavebeendevelopedbytheSINOPECResearchInstituteofPetroleumProcessing(RIPP),whichincludeinstallingthedecalcificationfacility,developingnewguardcatalystsandHDCCRcatalysts,implementinganewcatalystgradingapproach,developingahighlyefficientdistributiontechnologyandapplyingRICPprocessinsomerefineries.Theapplicationeffectshaverevealedthattheintegratedtechnology,whichcanbeconducivetothelong-cycleoperationdevelopedbyRIPP,canmaximizethedepositsuptakecapacityoftheguardreactorandtheactivityofgradingcatalysts.