简介：Inthispaper,anopportunisticcooperativeadhocsensornetworkwithrandomlylocatednodesisanalyzed.Therandomnessofnodes'locationsiscapturedbyahomogeneousPoissonpointprocess.Theeffectofimperfectinterferencecancellationisalsotakenintoaccountintheanalysis.Basedonthetheoryofstochasticgeometry,outageprobabilityandcooperativegainarederived.Itisdemonstratedthatexplicitperformancegaincanbeachievedthroughcooperation.Theanalysesarecorroboratedbyextensivesimulationresultsandtheanalyticalresultscanthusserveasaguidelineforwirelesssensornetworkdesign.

简介：部件相关性是一项重要软件措施。它是直接与软件可理解性，可维护性，和可重用性有关。在描述部件相关性的二个重要参数是在二个部件之间联合的类型和依赖部件的类型。取决于联合和依赖部件的类型的不同类型，能部件维护和部件复用上有不同效果。在这篇论文，我们把依赖部件划分成三种类型。我们然后分类各种各样的部件相关性并且在维护和复用上分析他们的效果。基于分类，我们在场一个相关性度量标准并且在11个公开源码的Java部件上验证它。我们的学习证明强壮的关联在再使用部件的部件和努力的相关性的测量之间存在。这显示部件相关性和建议度量标准的分类能进一步被用来代表另外的外部软件质量因素。电子增补材料这篇文章(doi:10.1007/s11390-007-9058-y)的联机版本contatins增补材料，它对授权用户可得到。

简介：Aviewinobjectorienteddatabasescorrespondstovirtualschemawithrestructuredgeneralizationanddecompositionhierarchies,Numbersofviewcreationmethodologieshavebeenproposed.Amajordrawbackofexistingmethodologiesisthattheydonotmaintaintheclosureproperty.Thatis,theresultofaquerydoesnothavethesamesemanticsasembodiedintheobjectorienteddatamodel.Teherefore,thispaperpresentsaviewcreationmethodologythatderivesaclassinresponsetoauser'squery,integratesderivedclassinglobalschema(i.e.,considerstheproblemofclassesmovinginclasshierarchy)andselectstherequiredclassesfromglobalschematocreatetheviewforuser'squery.Novelideaofviewcreationincludes:(a)anobjectalgebraforclassderivationandcustomization(wherethederivedclassesintermsofobjectinstancesandprocedure/methodsarestudied),(b)maintenanceofclosureproperty,and(c)classificationalgorithmwhichprovidesmechanismtodealwiththeproblemofaclassmovinginaclasshierarchy.

简介：VirtualassemblyisaVirtualReality(VR)basedengineeringapplicationwhichallowsengineerstoevaluate,analyze,andplantheassemblyofmechanicalsystems,Tomodelthevirtualassemblyprocess,newmethodologymustbeapplied.Basedontheideathatthevirtualassemblysystemisaneventdrivensystem,theinteractivebehaviorandinformationmodelisproposedtodescribethedynamicprocessofvirtualassembly.Definitionoftheobjectorientedmodelofvirtualassemblyisputforward.

简介：这份报纸论述一个粒子有联机特征选择机制的基于过滤器的视觉追踪方法。在基于颜色的粒子过滤器算法，粒子的重量总是不正确地代表重要性，这目标基于粒子追踪过滤的原因可以收敛到目标的一个本地区域。在我们的建议视觉追踪的方法，在目标和背景之间的Bhattacharyya距离和本地辨别被用来定义粒子的重量，它能解决存在本地集中问题。实验证明建议方法能不仅在追踪过程的单个目标而且在追踪过程的多重类似的目标工作很好。

简介：１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｅｘｐｅｒｔｓｙｓｔｅｍｓａｐｐｒｏａｃｈｉｓｃｕｒｅｎｔｌｙｂｅｉｎｇａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ－ａｉｄｅｄｄｅｓｉｇｎ（ＣＡＤ）ｆｏｒｓｉｍｐｌｅｈｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃｃｉｒｃｕｉｔｓ．Ｍｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｅｘｐ...

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简介：活动识别是无所不在的计算应用的一个核心方面。以便在真实世界上部署活动识别系统，我们需要有小计算模块的系统察觉到数据精确地分析的简单察觉到。在这份报纸，我们建议一个简单方法用涉及活动的简单目标信息认出人的活动。我们为代表复杂人的活动使用活动理论并且为执行活动识别建议一个惩罚天真的Bayes分类器。我们的结果证明我们的方法在没有惩罚精确性，学习和推论减少计算直到一个数量级，当时与隐藏的Markov模型和有条件的随机的地相比。

简介：因特网的快速的进化一直在呼吁让有效recommender系统从联机资源指出有用信息。尽管历史的评价数据广泛地在建议方法被用作最重要的信息，最近的前进与标签信息的加入在建议性能一直在表明改进。而且，标签注解的可获得性被作为CiteULike，MovieLens和BibSonomy标注应用的如此的多产的联机聚会很好探讨了，它允许用户表示他们的偏爱，上载资源并且分配他们的自己的标签。不过，存在标签知道的建议接近的大多数用一张分成三部分的图在用户，目标和标签之中为关系建模，并且因此在节点的一样的类型以内俯看关系。克服这限制，我们建议一条新奇途径，三位一体，向个性化的建议集成历史的数据和标签信息。三位一体构造在节点的一样的类型以内考虑在节点而且关系的不同类型之间的互联的一个三分层的object-user-tag网络不仅。基于这个异构的网络，三位一体与重启模型一起采用随机的散步把协会的力量分到候选人对象，从而提供为一个询问用户优先考虑对象的一个工具。我们经由一系列大规模10褶层交叉验证实验验证我们的途径并且用三个全面标准评估它的表演。结果证明我们的方法超过几个存在方法，包括有重启，分配过程的资源的模拟，并且传统的合作过滤的监督随机的散步。

简介：AnewapproachisproposedforautomaticallycreatingB-repmodelsofathree-dimensionalplanarobjectfromalinedrawingdepictingtheobjectunderorthographicallyaxonometricprojection.Anewlineparameterizationthatsatisfiestheuniqueness,boundednessanduniformnessforrepresentinglinesin2Dand3Dspaceisgiven.Accordingtothelocationrelationbetweenlinesandplanesofobjectdepictedbythelinedrawing,someconstraintsaboutobject's3Dinformationareproducedandalinearsystembasedonthoseconstraintsisestablished.3Dinformationofaplanarbodycanbeobtainedbysolvingthelinearsystem.Itisprovedthat,duringtheprocessing,thereexistedatleastfourdegreesoffreedom.ItismoreconvenienttouseinformationaboutlinesandplanesinsteadofpointsandplanesforcomputervisionandintelligentCADsystemstointerpretlinedrawingsofplanarobjects.

简介：图象compositing广泛地被用来从分开的来源图象把视觉元素合为一幅单个图象。尽管最近的图象compositing技术能够完成从不同来源的视觉元素的光滑的相配，他们中的大多数含蓄地假设来源图象在一样的观点被拿。在这份报纸，我们在场从多重来源的compositing小说图象目标的一条途径想象哪个有不同观点。我们的关键想法是为来源图象目标的有意义的部件构造3D代理，并且使用这些3D部件代理在一样的观点一起弄歪并且无缝地合并部件。认识到这个想法，我们介绍一个并列框架的基于的单个看法的照相机刻度算法处理图象对象的一般类型，得到长方体的一个结构知道的长方体优化算法正确结构关系地为图象对象部件代理，并且最后，3D代理转变指导了图象变弯缝对象部件的算法。我们进一步基于这条compositing途径描述一个新奇应用程序自动地综合从一套模范的很多图象对象。试验性的结果证明我们的compositing途径能被用于许多图象目标，例如椅子，杯，灯，和机器人，并且合成申请能从模范的一个小集合与重要形状和风格变化创造新奇图象目标。

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简介：Theshadowofacirclecastingonaunparallelplaneisanellipse,theshadowalgorithminvolvesaperspectiveaffinetransformation.Undercommonlyusedlight,thetransformationmatrixforparallelcirclesofdifferentdiameterscastingshadowsontothesameplaneisidentical.UsingAutoCADtogettheshadowofageneralobjectofrevolution,itonlyneedstotakeaseriesofcirclesalongtheaxisofsymmetryandgettheircorrespondingshadowsofellipses,drawinganenvelopetocoverallthesesilhouettesresultsintherequiredoverallshadow.Thenthediscretepointsofshadowcontourlineareprojectedbackontotheoriginalobjectsurface,shadowontheobjectisobtainedaltogether.

简介：Asteadyincreaseinconsumerdemands,andsevereconstraintsfrombothasomewhatdamagedenvironmentandnewlyinstalledgovernmentpolicies,requiretoday'sproductdesignanddevelopmenttobefasterandmoreefficientthaneverbefore,yetutilizingevenfewerresources.Newholisticapproaches,suchastotalproductlifecyclemodelingwhichembracesallaspectsofaproduct'slifecycle,arecurrentattemptstosolvetheseproblems.Withinthefieldofproductdesignandmodeling,featuretechnologyhasprovedtobeoneverypromisingsolutioncomponent.Owingtothetremendousincreaseininformationtechnology,totransferfromlowleveldataprocessingtowardsknowledgemodelingandinformationprocessingisabouttobringachangeinalmosteverycomputerizedapplication.Fromthisviewpoint,currentproblemsofbothfeatureframeworksandfeaturesystemsareanalyzedinrespecttostaticanddynamicconsistencybreakdowns.Theanalysisrangesfromearlystagesofdesigning(feature)conceptstofinalsystemimplementationandapplication.Forthefirsttime,anintegratedviewisgivenonapproaches,solutionsandpracticalexperience,withfeatureconceptsandstructures,providingbothafeatureframeworkanditsimplementationwithsufficientsystemarchitectureandcomputationalpowertomasterafairnumberofknownconsistencybreakdowns,whileprovidingforrobustcontextsforfeaturesemanticsandintegratedmodels.Withintoday'sheavyuseofinformationtechnologythesearepre-requisitesifthefullpotentialoffeaturetechnologyistobesuccessfullytranslatedintopractice.

简介：Large-scaleobject-oriented(OO)softwaresystemshaverecentlybeenfoundtoshareglobalnetworkcharacteristicssuchassmallworldandscalefree,whichgobeyondthescopeoftraditionalsoftwaremeasurementandassessmentmethodologies.Tomeasurethecomplexityatvariouslevelsofgranularity,namelygraph,class(andobject)andsourcecode,weproposeahierarchicalsetofmetricsintermsofcouplingandcohesion-themostimportantcharacteristicsofsoftware,andanalyzeasampleof12open-sourceOOsoftwaresystemstoempiricallyvalidatetheset.Experimentalresultsofthecorrelationsbetweencross-levelmetricsindicatethatthegraphmeasuresofoursetcomplementtraditionalsoftwaremetricswellfromtheviewpointofnetworkthinking,andprovidemoreeffectiveinformationaboutfault-proneclassesinpractice.

简介：Itisaresearchsubjectincomputervisionto3Dreconstructionofanobjectrepresentedbyasingle2Dlinedrawing.Previousworkson3Dreconstructionfrom2Dlinedrawingsfocusonobjectswithlines,plane,view,andsoon.Thispapermainlystudiesthe3Dreconstructionfrom2Dlinedrawings.Besides,anewapproachisproposed:itisthatfortheresearchofthepointcoordinatesof2Dlinedrawings,soastoachievetheobjectreconstructionbythereconstructionofpointcoordinates.Thereconstructionprocessincludes:①thecollectionofpointcoordinates(X,Y)of2Dlinedrawings;②thederivationofmathematicalformulaaboutthereconstructionofthepointof2Dlinedrawings,andcalculatingthecorrespondingpointofthe3Dcoordinates;③theregenerationof3Dgraphicswith3Dpoints;④analyzeerrorbytheproportionalofparallelofaxonometricprojection,inordertoprovetheaccuracyofthemethod.

简介：Thequalityofasoftwaresystemispartiallydeterminedbyitsstructure(topologicalstructure),sotheneedtoquantitativelyanalyzethequalityofthestructurehasbecomeeminent.Inthispaperanovelmetriccalledsoftwarequalityofstructure(SQoS)ispresentedforquantitativelymeasuringthestructuralqualityofobject-oriented(OO)softwaresviabugpropagationanalysisonweightedsoftwarenetworks(WSNs).First,thesoftwaresystemsaremodeledasaWSN,weightedclassdependencynetwork(WCDN),inwhichclassesarenodesandtheinteractionbetweeneverypairofclassesifanyisadirectededgewithaweightindicatingtheprobabilitythatabuginoneclasswillpropagatetotheother.ThenweanalyzethebugpropagationprocessintheWCDNtogetherwiththebugpronenessofeachclass,andbasedonthis,ametric(SQoS)tomeasurethestructuralqualityofOOsoftwaresasawholeisdeveloped.TheapproachisevaluatedintwocasestudiesonopensourceJavaprogramsusingdifferentsoftwarestructures(oneemploysdesignpatternsandtheotherdoesnot)forthesameOOsoftware.Theresultsofthecasestudiesvalidatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedmetric.TheapproachisfullyautomatedbyatoolwritteninJava.