简介：【摘要】目的：分析Galectin-3、CK19和TPO表达对甲状腺良恶性肿瘤诊断的价值。方法：择60例甲状腺肿瘤患者（良恶性各30例），分别对Galectin-3、CK19和TPO表达及联合检测进行分析。结果：联合检测特异度、敏感度与准确度均优于单一诊断结果。结论：Galectin-3、CK19和TPO表达联合诊断甲状腺良恶性肿瘤，具有显著价值。

简介：摘要目的研究因轻症COVID-19住院的2岁以下患儿的冠状动脉病变发生率及其病程演变情况。方法该项单中心前瞻性研究共纳入29名儿童(19名男孩)，于2021年3月1日至12月30日期间因轻度COVID-19入住希腊大学医院，中位年龄为3月龄，四分位间距(IQR)为1.6~4.3月龄。在症状首次出现后，分别在IQR第19(16~24)天、82(75~89)天和172(163~197)天进行了三次超声心动图检查冠状动脉扩张、退化和改变的比例。结果第一次评估发现3名(10.3%)患儿出现冠状动脉扩张，第二次评估时完全消退。随访数据显示，18/24(75%)病例的冠状动脉出现退化，9/24(31%)患儿的冠状动脉z值变化大于2，18/29(62%)病例在随访的时间段内冠状动脉某个位置发生变化。结论伴随轻症COVID-19出现的冠状动脉一过性轻度扩张可在3个月内完全消退。尚需进一步大样本研究明确儿童COVID-19感染后的冠状动脉扩张程度和病程演变情况。

简介：AbstractForecasting the COVID-19 confirmed cases, deaths, and recoveries demands time to know the severity of the novel coronavirus. This research aims to predict all types of COVID-19 cases (verified people, deaths, and recoveries) from the deadliest 3rd wave data of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. We used the official website of the Directorate General of Health Services as our data source. To identify and predict the upcoming trends of the COVID-19 situation of Bangladesh, we fit the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model on the data from Mar. 01, 2021 to Jul. 31, 2021. The finding of the ARIMA model (forecast model) reveals that infected, deaths, and recoveries number will have experienced exponential growth in Bangladesh to October 2021. Our model reports that confirmed cases and deaths will escalate by four times, and the recoveries will improve by five times at a later point in October 2021 if the trend of the three scenarios of COVID-19 from March to July lasts. The prediction of the COVID-19 scenario for the next three months is very frightening in Bangladesh, so the strategic planner and field-level personnel need to search for suitable policies and strategies and adopt these for controlling the mass transmission of the virus.

简介：AbstractThe impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on endometriosis (EM) is currently unclear. Here, we aimed to describe the potential influence of COVID-19 on the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, and treatment of EM. The cytokine storm caused by COVID-19 may induce the occurrence and progression of EM, and immunosuppression of COVID-19 may help the ectopic endometrium escape from immune clearance. Consequently, the forced social isolation and the cancelation of non-emergency medical treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic aggravate anxiety and psychological pressure, which can aggravate the symptoms related to EM and delay routine medical services.

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简介：AbstractBackground:To date, there is no effective medicine to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the antiviral efficacy of arbidol in the treatment for COVID-19 remained equivocal and controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of arbidol tablets in the treatment of COVID-19.Methods:This was a prospective, open-label, controlled and multicenter investigator-initiated trial involving adult patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Patients were stratified 1:2 to either standard-of-care (SOC) or SOC plus arbidol tablets (oral administration of 200 mg per time, three times a day for 14 days). The primary endpoint was negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 within the first week. The rates and 95% confidential intervals were calculated for each variable.Results:A total of 99 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled; 66 were assigned to the SOC plus arbidol tablets group, and 33 to the SOC group. The negative conversion rate of SARS-CoV-2 within the first week in patients receiving arbidol tablets was significantly higher than that of the SOC group (70.3% [45/64] vs. 42.4% [14/33]; difference of conversion rate 27.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.7%-48.1%; P = 0.008). Compared to those in the SOC group, patients receiving arbidol tablets had a shorter duration of clinical recovery (median 7.0 days vs. 12.0 days; hazard ratio [HR]: 1.877, 95% CI: 1.151-3.060, P = 0.006), symptom of fever (median 3.0 days vs. 12.0 days; HR: 18.990, 95% CI: 5.350-67.410, P < 0.001), as well as hospitalization (median 12.5 days vs. 20.0 days; P < 0.001). Moreover, the addition of arbidol tablets to SOC led to more rapid normalization of declined blood lymphocytes (median 10.0 days vs. 14.5 days; P > 0.05). The most common adverse event in the arbidol tablets group was the elevation of transaminase (5/200, 2.5%), and no one withdrew from the study due to adverse events or disease progression.Conclusions:SOC plus arbidol tablets significantly increase the negative conversion rate of SARS-CoV-2 within the first week and accelerate the recovery of COVID-19 patients. During the treatment with arbidol tablets, we find no significant serious adverse events.Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, NCT04260594, www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04260594?term= NCT04260594&draw=2&rank=1

简介：摘要由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019年冠状病毒疾病（COVID-19）已经在全球多个国家引起大流行，该病毒传染性强、致死率高，部分变异株在病毒传播性、致病性和免疫原性等多方面发生变化。无症状感染和有症状感染的COVID-19患者在免疫特征上存在异质性；不同年龄阶段的COVID-19患者的临床表现也不尽相同。目前无治疗COVID-19的特效药物，疫情控制需依赖新型冠状病毒疫苗的接种，如核酸疫苗、灭活疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、蛋白质疫苗等。本文通过对新型冠状病毒的变异、临床表现、治疗和疫苗等方面文献的复习，展现目前相关研究的进展。

简介：AbstractA large-scale vaccination of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in adults has been conducted for nearly a year, and there is a growing recognition that immunization for children is also essential. It has been months since emergency use of pediatric COVID-19 vaccine was approved, we reviewed the prevalence and transmission of COVID-19 in children. The prevalence of COVID-19 in children is reduced due to vaccination even in a Delta prevalent period, so an increase in the vaccination rate is needed in children. Although the precise role of children in the transmission requires more research to uncover, they likely played a significant role, according to the available literature. We also described four candidate COVID-19 vaccines for children on their safety and immunogenicity and the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants on childhood vaccination. Safety issues on pediatric vaccines post-approval, like adverse events following immunization and adverse events of special interest require studies on long-term and effective regulatory mechanisms.

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简介：AbstractCOVID-19 has been a global health concern since 2019 until date. Global concerted efforts to combat this pandemic has resulted in a number of vaccines distributed across the globe. Although the presence of these vaccines produced quick interventions, dynamic mutation in the causal virus and the continuous evolution of new stains that defy available vaccines has given rise to pertinent questions. The most recent emergence of a new COVID-19 virus variant (omicron), the rapid spread and overwhelming rate of morbidity and mortality has reopened these questions for debate. This commentary summarizes major view on these questions and concludes that multiple approach including social behavioural measures, vaccination and antiviral drug would speed up elimination process.

简介：AbstractObjective:Otolaryngologists are at increased occupational risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection due to exposure from respiratory droplets and aerosols generated during otologic, nasal, and oropharyngeal examinations and procedures. There have been a variety of guidelines and precautions developed to help mitigate this risk. While many reviews have focused on the personal protective equipment (PPE) and preparation guidelines for surgery in the COVID-19 era, none have focused on the more creative and unusual solutions designed to limit viral transmission. This review aims to fill that need.Data Sources:PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and ScopusMethods:A comprehensive review of literature was performed on September 28, 2020 using PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Scopus databases. All English-language studies were included if they proposed or assessed novel interventions developed for Otolaryngology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.Results:A total of 41 papers met inclusion criteria and were organized into 5 categories ('General Recommendations for Otolaryngologic Surgery’, 'Equipment Shortage Solutions’, 'Airway Procedures’, 'Nasal Endoscopy and Skull Base Procedures’, and 'Otologic Procedures’). Articles were summarized, highlighting the innovations created and evaluated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Creative solutions such as application of topical viricidal agents, make-shift mask filters, three-dimensional (3-D) printable adapters for headlights, aerosol containing separation boxes, and a variety of new draping techniques have been developed to limit the risk of COVID-19 transmission.Conclusions:Persistent risk of COVID-19 exposure remains high. Thus, there is an increased need for solutions that mitigate the risk of viral transmission during office procedures and surgeries, especially given that most COVID-19 positive patients present asymptomatically. This review examines and organizes creative solutions that have been proposed and utilized in the otolaryngology. These solutions have a potential to minimize the risk of viral transmission in the current clinical environment and to create safer outpatient and operating room conditions for patients and healthcare staff.

简介：摘要疫苗接种依然是人类历史上对抗不同病毒感染的最有效干预手段。新型冠状病毒(COVID－19)疫苗在预防COVID－19方面的总体益处已得到充分证实。与此同时，也出现了COVID－19疫苗接种后眼部不良反应的报告，可累及眼部多种组织，如眼睑、角膜、巩膜、视网膜、葡萄膜、神经和血管等，临床表现为角膜炎、葡萄膜炎、视网膜炎、神经麻痹、血管阻塞等。眼科医生应关注COVID－19疫苗接种后眼部不良反应的发生。(国际眼科纵览，2022, 46：385－390)

简介：AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been an unmitigated disaster for society and the economy worldwide. However, much remains unknown about the pathogenesis of, treatment methods for, and preventive measures against COVID-19. Single-cell sequencing is a novel sequencing technology whose use has recently become prevalent in various life-science fields. This high-resolution technology is being used to analyze the COVID-19 pandemic at a single-cell level. In this review, we summarize the application of single-cell sequencing technology to the field of COVID-19-related research, including the biology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, clinical concerns associated with COVID-19, neutralizing antibody screening, and vaccine development. We also address challenges to, and improvements in, existing single-cell research related to COVID-19.

简介：AbstractMucormycosis is a lethal human disease caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Mucormycosis is caused by fungi mainly belonging to the genera Mucor, Rhizopus, and Lichtheimia, all of which belong to the order Mucorales. The number of individuals with mucormycosis-causing disorders has increased in recent years, hence, leading to the spread of mucormycosis. Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, numerous cases of mucormycosis in COVID-19-infected patients have been reported worldwide, and the illness is now recognized as COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, with most of the cases being reported from India. Immunocompromised patients such as those with bone marrow sickness and uncontrolled diabetes are at a greater risk of developing mucormycosis. Genes, pathways, and other mechanisms have been studied in Mucorales, demonstrating a direct link between virulence and prospective therapeutic and diagnostic targets. This review discusses several proteins such as high-affinity iron permease (FTR1), calcineurin, spore coat protein (CotH), and ADP-ribosylation factors involved in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis that might prove to be viable target(s) for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

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简介：摘要 目的：研究新冠疫情对郑州市脑卒中患者症状、干预措施等的影响。方法：以2019年2月至12月和2020年同期至郑州人民医院卒中中心就诊的患者共计1251例为调查对象，根据郑州人民医院卒中中心提取资料，以2019年2月至12月脑卒中患者752例为对照组，2020年同期499例为观察组。结果：疫情期间脑卒中患者就诊总人数相比疫情前脑卒中就诊总人数较同期下降46.5%( 187例vs100例)。其中农村患者较2019年同期减少73.5%(34例vs9例)。其余疫情前较疫情期间脑卒中患者的一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。疫情期间进行多模核磁共振检查的人数减少(P

简介：摘要目的遗传因素可增加抑郁症的发病风险，本研究通过分析13个候选基因与抑郁症的关联，探讨中国汉族人群抑郁症的遗传风险因子。方法采用病例对照研究。选择2020年2月至2021年9月在广州医科大学附属脑科医院情感障碍科、成人精神科和老年科住院的439例抑郁症患者作为病例组，男性158例、女性281例，年龄为（29.84±14.91）岁；464名体检健康者作为对照组，男性196名、女性268名，年龄为（30.65±12.63）岁。应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间（Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight，MALDI-TOF）质谱仪分析所有受检对象的13个候选基因20个位点。性别比较采用Pearson卡方检验，年龄和基因型分布的比较采用独立样本t检验。采用PLINK软件中“哈迪-温伯格”和“等位基因频率”程序用于分析哈迪-温伯格平衡与基因频率，采用PLINK软件中“标准病例/对照关联测试”、“Max（T）置换”和“Bonferroni多次测试校正”程序用于分析基因与疾病的关联。结果PLINK分析显示，Bonferroni校正前SCN2A rs17183814、ABCB1 rs1045642与CYP2C19*3 rs4986893、NAT2*5A rs1799929与抑郁症有关联（χ2=10.340，P=0.001；χ2=11.010， P=0.001；χ2=9.781，P=0.002；χ2=4.481，P=0.034）。以上位点在对照组中的较小等位基因频率分别为12.07%、43.64%、2.59%和3.88%；病例组中较小等位基因频率分别为17.43%、35.99%、5.47%和6.04%；比值比（odds ratio，OR）分别为1.538、0.726、2.178和1.592。采用Max（T）置换程序经1 000 000次置换测试后上述4个位点的差异仍有统计学意义，经验P值（EMP1）分别为0.002、0.001、0.003和0.042。Bonferroni校正后，只有SCN2A rs17183814、ABCB1 rs1045642与CYP2C19*3 rs4986893位点的差异有统计学意义，校正后P值分别为0.026、0.018和0.035。结论SCN2A rs17183814、ABCB1 rs1045642与CYP2C19*3 rs4986893位点与抑郁症易感性有关，其中SCN2A rs17183814与CYP2C19*3 rs4986893的A等位基因可能是中国汉族人群抑郁症的危险因素，而ABCB1 rs1045642的T等位基因可能为中国汉族人群抑郁症的保护因素。

简介：AbstractThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has adversely affected the public domain causing unprecedented cases and high mortality across the globe. This has brought back the concept of biosafety into the spotlight to solve biosafety problems in developing diagnostics and therapeutics to treat COVID-19. The advances in nanotechnology and material science in combination with medicinal chemistry have provided a new perspective to overcome this crisis. Herein, we discuss the efforts of researchers in the field of material science in developing personal protective equipment (PPE), detection devices, vaccines, drug delivery systems, and medical equipment. Such a synergistic approach of disciplines can strengthen the research to develop biosafety products in solving biosafety problems.