简介：ObjectivesPlasmauricacid(UA)concentrationwassuspectedtoelevateinelderlywithischemiccardiomyopathy(ICM).MethodsWeanalyzedthedataof235elderlyaged60yearsandolderwithcoronaryheartdisease:silentmyocardialischemiaoranginapectorisconfirmedbyangiography.Amongthesepatients,154hadICMdefinedasleftventricularend-diastolicdiameter(LVDd)male>55mm,female>50mm(mean:63.51±7.70mm)measuredbyechocardiography.DifferenceinUAwasanalyzedbetweenpatientswithandwithoutICM.ResultsTherewassignificantincreaseofUAinICMcomparedwithnon-ICM(432.82±143.05umol/Lvs361.06±137.35umol/L,P<0.05);andUAwaspositivelyrelatedtoLVDd(r=0.25,P<0.05).ConclusionsTherewassignificantincreaseofUAinelderlywithICMduetolongtermsilentmyocardialischemiaandanginapectoris.Moreover,UAwaspositivelyrelatedtoLVDd.

简介：AbstractBackground:Whether there is an association between serum uric acid (SUA) level and risk of mortality in the general population remains unclear. Based on the China National Survey of Chronic Kidney Disease linked to mortality data, a population-based cohort study was performed to investigate the association between SUA level and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and cancer mortality in China.Methods:The survival status of participants in the cross-sectional survey was identified from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2017. Only 33,268 individuals with complete SUA data among the 47,204 participants were included in the analysis. We determined the rates of all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and cancer mortality. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate the effect of the SUA level on mortality.Results:During a total of 297,538.4 person-years of follow-up, 1282 deaths occurred. In the Cox proportional hazards regression model, the rate of all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and cancer mortality had a U-shaped association with SUA levels only in men, whereas no significant associations were detected in women. For all-cause mortality in men, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) in the first, second, and fourth quartiles compared with the third quartile were 1.31 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.67), 1.17 (95% CI 0.92-1.47), and 1.55 (95% CI 1.24-1.93), respectively. For CVD mortality, the corresponding HRs were 1.47 (95% CI 1.00-2.18), 1.17 (95% CI 0.79-1.75), and 1.67 (95% CI 1.16-2.43), respectively. For the cancer mortality rate, only a marginally significant association was detected in the fourth quartile compared with the third quartile with an HR of 1.43 (95% CI 0.99-2.08).Conclusions:The association between SUA and mortality differed by sex. We demonstrated a U-shaped association with SUA levels for all-cause and CVD mortalities among men in China.

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简介：AbstractBackground:Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease, and hyperuricemia is a common comorbidity in patients with psoriasis. However, there are limited reports on the relationship between serum uric acid levels and biological treatment efficacy. The purposes of this study were to compare the differences in serum uric acid levels between patients with psoriasis and healthy controls and analyze the risk of hyperuricemia.Methods:A total of 196 patients with psoriasis and 191 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. One hundred and twenty-seven patients with severe psoriasis were treated with biologics. Sixty-eight patients received adalimumab, and 59 patients received secukinumab. Serum uric acid levels were measured at baseline, week 24, and week 48 of treatment.Results:Patients with psoriasis had higher serum uric acid levels than healthy controls (6.4 ± 1.7 mg/dL vs. 5.7 ± 1.5 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Hyperuricemia was found in 33.7% (66/196) of patients with psoriasis, which was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (13.1% [25/191], P < 0.001). Serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia were not related to the severity of psoriasis (P > 0.05). No significant changes in serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia were observed following adalimumab treatment (P > 0.05). The serum uric acid level in patients treated with secukinumab was 6.7 ± 1.6 mg/dL at week 24, which was not statistically different from that at baseline (6.6 ± 1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.885). Serum uric acid levels were significantly decreased at week 48 (6.3 ± 1.5 mg/dL vs. 6.6 ± 1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.007) in patients treated with secukinumab. Secukinumab had no significant effect on hyperuricemia either (P > 0.05).Conclusions:The serum uric acid levels and prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with psoriasis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls. Secukinumab treatment for 48 weeks successfully decreased serum uric acid levels in patients with psoriasis, whereas adalimumab had no significant effect on serum uric acid levels.

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简介：AbstractBackground:The relationship of uric acid (UA) with the thyroid function among healthy individuals remains unclear. We aimed to examine the relationship between UA contents and thyroid hormone levels in healthy Chinese individuals.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 1186 Chinese adults (736 men and 450 women) who underwent a health check-up at the Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University (Shanghai, China) between January 1, 2010 and July 31, 2018. Clinical and thyroid hormone levels were compared in different UA groups (in male and menopause women groups, MG1: UA < 5 mg/dL; MG2: 5 mg/dL ≤ UA< 7 mg/dL; and MG3: UA ≥ 7 mg/dL; in female groups, FG1 to FG3 represent the UA levels of <4 mg/dL, 4 mg/dL ≤ UA< 6 mg/dL, and ≥6 mg/dL, respectively). In addition, natural cubic spline regression, together with Pearson correlation analysis, was performed in investigating the correlation of UA with thyroid hormones.Results:After adjusting for confounding factors, low levels of UA (for males, UA < 5.30 mg/dL; for females, UA < 4.05 mg/dL) were negatively correlated with free triiodothyronine (FT3) both in men and women. UA levels between 4.83 and 6.06 mg/dL may act to protect FT3 in women, while UA levels between 6.39 and 7.09 mg/dL may protect FT3 in men. FT3 levels of low-range UA group reduced compared with mid-range UA and the high-range UA groups in both men and women.Conclusions:Our results provide epidemiologic evidence to support the negative correlation between low UA contents and FT3 in the Chinese Han population, suggesting that the reduced UA contents may serve as the risk factor to predict poor thyroid function in Chinese individuals.

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简介：backgroundStudieshavebeeninconsistentregardingwhetherhyperuricemia,eitherdiuretic-ornondiuretic-induced,isanindependentriskfactorforcardiovascularevents.Thestudyinvestigatedtheassociationofcardiovasculardiseasewithdiuretic-andnondiuretic-inducedelevatedserumuricacid.MethodsAcommunity-basedcross-sectionstudywasconductedin5,235treatedanduntreatedhypertensivepatientsaged40-75years.Conventionalriskfactors,serumuricacidandthepresenceofcardiovasculardiseaseweredetermined.Hyperuricemiawasdefinedasserumuricacidlevels≥420μmol/Linmenor≥360μmol/Linwomen.ResultsHyperuricemiawasmorecommoninmenthaninwomen(21.5%vs.10.2%,P<0.001).Afteradjustmentforageandotherconventionalriskfactors,hyperuricemiawasassociatedwithmetabolicsyndrome,decreasedcreatinineclearance,anduseofdiureticsinbothgenders,aswellasageinwomenandalcoholconsumptioninmen.Thepresenceofcoronaryarterydiseaseorstrokeincreasedsignificantlywiththeincreaseofquartilesofserumuricacid(8.0%,11.0%,13.4%,and16.8%,respectively,P<0.01),andthehighestserumuricacidquartilewasassociatedwitha1.8-foldriskforcardiovasculardisease(OR:1.83,95%CI:1.24-2.71)inuntreatedwomen.Butthisassociationwasnotobservedinuntreatedmenaswellasintreatedpatientsusingdiureticsinbothgenders.ConclusionsHyperuricemiaismarkedlyassociatedwithmetabolicsyndrome,decreasedcreatinineclearance,useofdiureticsbesidesalcoholconsumptioninmenandageinwomen.Elevatedserumuricacid,butnotthatdiuretic-induced,maybeassociatedwithincreasedtheriskofcardiovasculardiseaseinuntreatedhypertensivewomen.

简介：AbstractTranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibrinolytic agent which has been proven beneficial in multiple surgical specialties where significant bleeding can occur. Whilst it has been widely available for over 40 years its use within Otorhinolaryngology is still limited. Operations in Otorhinolaryngology are particularly varied with some such as tonsillectomy having the potential for significant life threatening bleeding. Other operations are performed within small confined surgical fields and even small amounts of bleeding can significantly detriment surgical field and increase technical difficulty and operative time. This review evaluated the current literature on the benefits of tranexamic acid within the field of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. Overall TXA was demonstrated to be a safe drug with no major adverse effects including thromboembolic events reported in any study. It has been shown to be of particular benefit in rhinology by improving surgical field, reducing operative time and reducing postoperative swelling and ecchymosis. The benefit in tonsillectomy is less clear and further studies are required to evaluate its potential use in the reduction of post tonsillectomy haemorrhage rates.

简介：胆汁酸(BA)由充当tensioactives在肠在胖消化有一个长确定的角色，由于他们的amphipatic特征。BA被肠上皮很高效地重新吸收并且经由大部分被阐明了的运输机制再循环回到肝。BA的运输和合成被特定的血浆膜受体和原子受体紧部分地调整。除了他们的主要效果，BA被宣称在胃肠的癌症，肠的发炎和肠的离子的运输起一个作用。BA不在任何这些生物活动，和结构的要求是相等的通常被识别了。特别地，一些BA可能在煽动性的肠疾病为癌症chemoprevention并且也许是有用的，尽管进一步的研究在这个领域里是必要的。这评论在BA肠的生物学的这些方面盖住最近的开发。

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简介：Cancerisaleadingcauseofdeathworldwide.Cancertreatmentsbychemotherapeuticagents,surgery,andradiationhavenotbeenhighlyeffectiveinreducingtheincidenceofcancersandincreasingthesurvivalrateofcancerpatients.Inrecentyears,plant-derivedcompoundshaveattractedconsiderableattentionasalternativecancerremediesforenhancingcancerpreventionandtreatmentbecauseoftheirlowtoxicities,lowcosts,andlowsideeffects.Ellagicacid(EA)isanaturalphenolicconstituent.RecentinvitroandinvivoexperimentshaverevealedthatEAelicitsanticarcinogeniceffectsbyinhibitingtumorcellproliferation,inducingapoptosis,breakingDNAbindingtocarcinogens,blockingvirusinfection,anddisturbinginflammation,angiogenesis,anddrug-resistanceprocessesrequiredfortumorgrowthandmetastasis.ThisreviewenumeratestheanticarcinogenicactionsandmechanismsofEA.ItalsodiscussesfuturedirectionsontheapplicationsofEA.

简介：INTRODUCTIONCalciumphosphatecements(CPC)overcomethepracticaldisadvantagesofblocksorgranuleslcanbehandledasapasteandsitinsitu.TheirstructureandcompositionclosetothatofHAPmakethembiocompatiblematerials.2Theconventionalcalciumphosphatecementhadsomeproblemssuchaslongsettingtime(30～60min)andlowcompressivestrength,etc.Inoursystem,anα-TCP/TTCPpowdermixturewasmixedwithwatercontainingcitricacidtocontrolthesettingtimeandcompressivestrength.Inthispaper,theeffectsofvariousconcentrationcitricacidsolutionsonthepropertiesofthecementarereported.

简介：AbstractNucleic acid therapeutics, which involve transferring exogenous genes inside target cells, are a promising clinical treatment option that can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. Ideally, this kind of treatment modality will not lead to an unwanted immune response. Compared with traditional treatment methods, nucleic acid therapeutics can achieve prolonged and stable curative effects. As an emerging treatment method, nucleic acid therapeutics have played an increasingly important role in clinical settings for the treatment of various conditions, including infectious diseases, cancer, immune-related diseases, and monogenetic diseases. To date, a large number of clinical trials have been conducted, and more than 30 nucleic acid drugs have been approved, highlighting the strong potential of this approach in clinical practice. Diverse carriers are used to protect nucleic acids from being degraded and to help them reach their targets accurately. However, some carriers are known to cause negative effects on the release and expression of nucleic acid drugs as well as adverse effects such as allergic reactions and accumulation in the liver. Therefore, biosafety assessment of delivery systems before their application in clinical settings is critical. In this review, we describe different delivery systems for nucleic acid drugs and discuss their biosafety in both preclinical and clinical studies, with particular focus on the carriers themselves, drug administration method, and overall treatment of the disease.

简介：AbstractPurpose:The proposed pathological mechanism for scar formation is controversial, and increased attention has been paid to the fatty acids (FAs) in the formation of pathological scars. Notably, FAs are known to be important in inflammation and mechanotransduction, which is closely related to scar formation. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the roles of FA in scar formation.Methods:Hypertrophic scar and keloid formed for more than a year and without other treatment, as well as normal skin samples were obtained from patients who underwent plastic surgery. Finally, keloids (n = 10), hypertrophic scars (n = 10), and normal skin samples (n = 10) were collected under informed consent. Primary dermal fibroblasts were isolated and cultured. The amount and variety of FAs were detected by lipid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and western blotting were used to verify the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) in the samples and their fibroblasts. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis were performed for statistical analysis (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001).Results:Compared with full-thickness normal skin, there were 27 differential FAs in keloids and 15 differential FAs in hypertrophic scars (*p < 0.05 and variable influence on projection >1.0). The expression of SREBP1 and FASN was lower in pathological scars both at mRNA and protein levels (all*p < 0.05). However, the mRNA levels of SREBP1 (***p = 0.0002) and FASN (***p = 0.0021) in keloid-derived fibroblasts were higher than that in normal skin fibroblasts (NFBs), while the expression in hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts was lower than that in NFBs (both *p < 0.05). Whereas there was no significant difference in FASN protein expression between keloid-derived fibroblasts and NFBs (p > 0.05).Conclusion:FAs involved in pathological scars are abnormally changed in scar formation. Thus, fatty acid-derived inflammation and de novo synthesis pathway of FA may play a key role in the formation of pathological scars.

简介：客观:cross-linked生产，它被准备由哈并且cross-linking代理人STMP，EDC，通过cross-linking反应的GP，可能在药交货系统(DDS)被使用。保证临床的申请的安全，优秀性质象没有房间毒性那样，nonirritant，没有将军毒性，没有免疫学的拒绝是必要的。方法:根据GB/T的请求，16886.1在医药biomaterials，房间毒性测试，溶血测试，intracutaneous刺激测试，尖锐毒性测试，和过分敏感的测试的安全评估上被要求。结果：HA-STMP的房间毒性，HA-EDC，HA-GP都是不到1。所有过分敏感的测试是合格的。但是HA-EDC，忽视的生产的不同的度激动的HA-GP，细微毒性，溶血率，它比标准价值大。结论:HA-STMP拥有赞成biocompatibility，它是一种理想的biomaterials和药搬运人。

简介：合成了二十个９羧基氧杂蒽类衍生物并通过ＣＩＭＳ和ＥＩＭＳ确定了所有化合物的结构。初步的药理实验表明部分化合物具有明显的抗痉挛作用

简介：Anacardic酸(AA)是2-hydroxy-6-alkylbenzoic酸相当或相同的事物的混合物。它广泛地被认为是p300的一个非特定的histoneacetyltransferase禁止者。效果和在LNCaP房间(前列腺癌症房间)的AA的机制仍然保持未知。在LNCaP房间上调查AA的效果，我们执行了几个实验并且发现AA禁止LNCaP房间增长，导致G1/S房间周期拘捕和LNCaP的apoptosis房间。AA对LNCaP房间经由起作用的机制可能由于下列方面。首先，AA能除了它在LNCaP房间通过translational以后修正调整p300的功能的机制调整p300抄写和蛋白质水平。第二，AA能通过在LNCaP房间在Ser15上增加p53的phosphorylation激活p53。AA能有选择地激活p21(p53的目标基因)。第三，通过supressingp300的AA罐头下面调整雄激素受体(AR)。我们的学习建议AA在LNCaP房间举办多重反肿瘤活动并且保证进一步的调查。