简介:摘要2011年3月11日日本东北太平洋地区发生里氏9.0级地震,继发生海啸,该地震导致福岛第一、第二核电站受到严重的影响,事故中沸水堆的专设安全设施接连失效,放射性物质泄漏到外部。2011年4月12日,日本原子力安全保安院将福岛核事故等级定为核事故最高分级7级(特大事故),与切尔诺贝利核事故同级1。福岛核事故给世界核电带来了深刻的影响,人们对沸水堆的安全性提出了质疑,随着福岛第一核电站事故处理及退役进程的推进,许多事故后果的猜测逐渐清晰,沸水堆的专设安全设施在全场断电工况是否真的不堪一击,与目前我国主流的压水堆有什么不同,压水堆的专设安全设施设置是否存在类似隐患。本文通过对比CPR1000型压水堆与BWR-4沸水堆专设安全设施,以期能分析压水堆的专设安全设施在极端自然灾害下的防御能力。
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