简介:AbstractMandibular condylar fractures are among the most common facial fractures and some of the most difficult to manage. Opinions about the management of mandibular condylar fractures differ among surgeons. With the implementation of new technology, an increased understanding of fracture management, and better functional and morphological outcomes reported in the literature, open reduction and internal fixation is becoming many surgeons’ preferred choice for the treatment of condylar fractures. Because surgical treatment of such fractures is complex, certain factors must be considered to achieve satisfactory outcomes. In this article, we summarise six key points in the management of mandibular condylar fractures: virtual evaluation of condylar fracture, a suitable surgical approach, good reduction, stable internal fixation, repair of the articular disc, and restoration of the mandibular arch width. We believe that these points will help to improve the prognosis of mandibular condyle fractures.
简介:摘 要:林业资源不仅是当前社会资源中的重要组成部分,还是社会可再生资源中的主体部分,对社会及人类发展均有着重要作用。为使林业工程系统得到更好的发展,林业种植是一项十分必要的任务。科学合理的林业种植不仅能够使林业资源更加丰富多样,而且能够使社会环境保护具有很好帮助。主要对林业种植中存在的问题进行分析,并提出有效对策将其解决,从而使林业种植得到进一步发展。
简介:摘要:面对日新月异、层出不穷的新技术、新材料、新产品和激烈的市场竞争压力,实验室应考虑检测活动相关的风险,确保能够实现预期结果。现以儿童玩具领域为例,分析当前检测实验室面临的主要风险,探索管控机制。