简介：ＭｏｄｉｆｙｉｎｇＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈｓａｎｄＴｉｔａｎｉｕｍｏｎＡｕｓｔｅｎｉｔｉｃＭａｎｇａｎｅｓｅＳｔｅｌＺｈｕＲｕｉｆｕ（朱瑞富），ＬüＹｕｐｅｎｇ（吕宇鹏），ＬｉＳｈｉｔｏｎｇ（李士同）ＣｈａｏＺｈｉｑｉａｎｇ（朝志强），Ｗａ...

简介：Problemsencounteredintheproductionoflownickelausteniticstainlesssteelhavebeenstudied.Theseproblemsprimarilyincludethechangestothemicrostructureoftheslabduringtheheatingprocess,theformationandremovalofdeformation-inducedmartensiteduringcoldrolling,andtheeffectsoftheannealingprocessonthesurfaceoxidestructure.Areasonablemanufacturingprocesshasbeenproposedonthebasisoftheresearchresultsandhighqualitycold-rolledstripsoflownickelausteniticstainlesssteelhavebeenproduced.

简介：OnthebasisofquantitativeevaluationofsusceptibilitytosolidificationcrackingwithTrans-Varestraint-Test,themicrostructuresoftwostainlesssteelsof316Landalloy800HwithdifferentCreq/Nieqratiosduringsolidificationprocesswereanalyzedwithseveralmethods.Itisconcludedthatthesusceptibilitytosolidificationcrackingof316L-stainlesssteelismuchlowerthanthatofalloy800Hduetodifferentsolidificationbehaviorsoftheweldmetalofthetwomaterials.Theweldmetalofalloy800Hsolidifiesintheformofprimaryaustenitewhoseboundariesarestraightandsmoothandeasilywettedbylowmelting-pointliquidphases,whichincreasesthesusceptibilitytosolidificationcracking;whilethe316Lweldmetalsolidifiesintoprimaryaustenite/ferrite.Owingtoaseriesofdynamicmicrostructurechangesduringsolidificationsuchasperitecticreactions,migrationofausteniticboundariesandnailingofδ-ferritetotheboundaries,thegrainsbecomefiner,theorientationsofcolumnargrainsgetdisorderedandtheboundariesarecurvedandcomplex.Alsohightemperatureδ-ferriteexists,segregationofimpuritiesatboundariesdecreasesandtheboundariesarehardtobewettedbyliquidfilms,whichreducesthecrackingsusceptibility.

简介：Inrecentyears,nitrogen-alloyedstainlesssteelshavebeenaresearchhotspotinthefieldofstainlesssteelproductandtechnology.Nitrogen-alloyedausteniticstainlesssteelsdevelopedbyBaosteelandtheirapplicationsareintroduced.Thesesteelsarenitrogen-controlledproducts304Nand316LN,nitrogencontainingeconomicalproductsBNseriesandhigh-nitrogenstainlesssteel(HNS)series.Theresultsshowthatthepresenceofnitrogencansignificantlyimprovethestrengthandcorrosionresistanceofsteelproduced.Bynitrogenalloying,economicalausteniticstainlesssteelswithconsiderablylessnickelthan304canbeobtained;thecorrosionresistancesofthesesteelsarealmostthesameas304.Furthermore,byascientificapproachofnitrogenalloying,high-nitrogensteelof0.8%nitrogencontentisfabricatedunderthenon-pressurizedconditions,andthepittingpotentialofthissteelis>1.0V.Atpresent,nitrogen-alloyedsteelsdevelopedbyBaosteelarewidelyutilizedinthemanufactureofcryogenicstoragecontainers,transportationcontainers,andmanyhouseholdwares.

简介：309Lisakindofausteniticstainlesssteel.Thispaperdiscusses309L,whichwassmeltedandrolledinalab.Itsmicrostructuralcharacteristicsinstatesofas-cast,hot-rolling,cold-rollingandsolidsolutionwereinvestigatedrespectivelybyopticalmicroscope(OM).Itisfoundthat309Liscomposedofausteniteandresidualδ-ferriteundertheseconditions,andtheδ-ferritecannotbeeliminatedeasilybyheat-treatment.Itshotplasticityanddeformationresistancewereinvestigatedinaseriesofheatsim...

简介：奥氏体的热抵抗钢为先进supercritical锅炉，核反应堆，超级加热器和化学反应堆被认为候选人材料同样重要由于他们高力量的有利联合，腐蚀抵抗，完美的机械性质，可使用性和低费用。因为钢的降水行为将在在提高的温度的长期的服务期间导致机械性质的恶化，在钢的微观结构澄清第二等的阶段的进化是必要的。这里，在降水行为和变粗的机制的最近的进步的一篇摘要各种各样在奥氏体的钢在老化期间猛抛被做。各种各样的第二等的阶段在服务条件下面被形成，象MXcarbonitrides一样，M23C6碳化物，Z阶段，西格马阶段和洗分阶段执行。这被发现M23C6碳化物比MXcarbonitrides的高得多。以便理解热变丑机制，一个组成的方程能被建立，并且因此获得了处理地图对优化热处理参数有益，导致改进了热处理钢的性质。

简介：CuprecipitationbehaviorsintwoCu-bearingausteniticantibacterialstainlesssteels,type304andtype317L,weresystematicallystudiedbyusingrelativelysimplemethodsformaterialsanalysis,includingmicro-hardness,electricalresistivity,electrochemicalimpedancespectroscopy,X-raydiffractionanddifferentialscanningcalorimetry.Theresultsindicatedthatafteragingatelevatedtemperature,themicro-hardness,electricalresistivity,electrochemicalimpedanceandlatticeconstantofthesteelwereallvariedatdifferentdegreesduetotheprecipitationandgrowthofCu-richphases.TheresultsalsoshowedthattheheatevolutionduringtheprocessofCuprecipitationcouldbesensitivelydetectedbymeansofdifferentialscanningcalorimetry,obtainningthestartingtemperature,peaktemperature,peakareaoftheCu-richprecipitation,andeventheactivationenergybycalculation.TheresultsconfirmedthattheCu-richphasedprecipitationintheCu-bearingausteniticantibacterialstainlesssteelshouldbeathermalactivationprocesscontrolledbyCudiffusion.AllthematerialsanalysismethodsusedinthisstudycanbemoresimpleandeffectiveforapplicationinR&DoftheCu-bearingantibacterialstainlesssteels.

简介：Theeffectofcathodichydrogenchargingonthetensileandconstantloadpropertieswasdeterminedforanausteniticstainlesssteelweldmentcomprisinga304Lsteelinthesolutiontreatedconditionasabasemetalanda308Lfillersteelasaweldmetal.Partofthe304Lsolutiontreatedsteelwasseparatelygivenadditionalsensitizationtreatmenttosimulatethemicrostructurethatwoulddevelopintheheataffectedzone.Testswereperformedatroomtemperatureonnotchedroundbarspecimens.Hydrogenchargingresultedinapronouncedembrittlementofthetestedmaterials.Thiswasmanifestedmainlyasaconsiderablelossinthedluctilityoftensilespecimensandadecreaseinthetimetofailureandthresholdstressofconstantloadspecimens.The308Lweldmetalexhibitedthehighest,andthe304Lsolutiontreatedsteelthelowest,resistancetohydrogenembrittlement.Hydrogenembrittlementwasassociatedwiththeformationofstraininducedmartensiteaswellasatransitionfrombrittletoductilefracturemorphologyonwardsthecentreofthespecimens.

简介：Twothermo-mechanicalcontrolledprocesses(TMCP)includingcontrolledrollingandacceleratedcoolingareproposedfortheproductionofheavygaugeSUS304Lausteniticstainlesssteelplateswithdifferentstrengthsandothercharacteristics.BasedontherecrystallizationmechanismandcarbideprecipitationbehaviorofSUS304Lausteniticstainlesssteel,TMCPprovidesapowerfulmeanstocontrolthemicrostructureandprecipitationofthehotrolledsteelplatebythecontrolledrollingandacceleratedcoolingprocess.Thedislocationdensityandgrainsizearethemainfactorsindeterminingthestrengthofthestainlesssteelplates.Therefore,itisnecessarytostrictlycontrolthehotrollingparameters,includingparameterssuchasthefinishhotrollingtemperatureintherecrystallizationtemperatureregionandthetotalreductioninthenon-recrystallizationregion.Furthermore,inordertoavoidcarbideprecipitationandguaranteetheintergranularcorrosionresistanceofTMCPSUS304Lausteniticstainlesssteel,acriticalcoolingrateafterrollingisdetermined.

简介：

简介：Toavoidintergranularcorrosionandobtainmicrostructuralhomogenization,theconventionalSUS304austeniticstainlesssteelneedstobesolutionannealedafterhotrolling.Thisstudyinvestigatesthethermal-mechanicalcontrolledprocess(TMCP)ofSUS304steel,especiallythecontrolledrollingandonlineacceleratedcoolingprocedures.Theobjectiveofthisresearchistoreduceorevenpreventcarbideprecipitationbasedonthedescriptionofthetime-temperature-precipitation(TTP)curve.Thedynamicandpost-dynamicrecrystallizationbehaviorsofthissteelensuredthehomogenizationofgrainsinthisprocessdueto,whichwasstudiedbythehotcompressiontests.ThemicrostructureandthepropertiesoftheTMCP-producedSUS304steelstripwerecomparedwiththeconventionalmethodofsolutionannealing.Basedontheaboveresults,thenewlydevelopedTMCP-producedSUS304hot-rolledausteniticstainlesssteelstriphasbeensuccessfullyproducedanditcanbedirectlyutilizedinthecoldrollingprocesswithoutsolutionannealing.

简介：大多数商品化的冠的stents用316L做的由于它性质的好联合，并且当前，某新stents用由于它的更高机械的性质的基于钴的合金做的不锈钢。然而，在这些材料的镍或钴元素的高数量的存在，被知道触发有毒、过敏的回答，引起了许多担心。没有镍的奥氏体的不锈钢被开发了以便解决这些问题。在这份报纸，基于新Fe-Cr-Mn-Mo-N的开发打高氮没有镍的奥氏体的不锈钢，性质象机械性质那样，在汉克的解决方案，并且在包括运动clotting时间和血小板粘附的vitro血相容性的腐蚀电阻，与上述二常规材料，316L不锈钢和Co-28Cr-6Mo合金相比被调查。结果证明新高氮钢钢和Co-28Cr-6Mo合金，和罐头是的316L比那些拥有了机械性质，腐蚀抵抗和血相容性的更好的联合为冠的stents的制造的有希望的其他的材料。

简介：Theeffectofnonmetallicinclusionsinthedropletofthestainlesssteelcoveredelectrodeontheporositywasresearched.Theresultshowsthatthenonmetallicinclusionsinthedropletarespherical,theircompositionisdifferentfromtheoneofslagandtheinclusionshavethecharacterof"innerformation".Whentheratioofrutiletoilmeniteinthecoatedmaterialisincreased,thedropletbecomescoarse,thecontentofnonmetallicinclusioninthedropletdecreases,andtheporositysensitivityintheweldmetalalsodecreases.Whentheratiooffledspartoilmeniteinthecoatedmaterialisincreased,thedropletbecomesfine,thecontentofnonmetallicinclusioninthedropletincreases,andtheporositysensitivityintheweldmetalincreases.WhentheratioofFe2O3toilmeniteinthecoatedmaterialisincreased,thedropletbecomesfine,thecontentofnonmetallicinclusiondecreases,whiletheporositysensitivitydoesnotreduce.

简介：FSWandTIGwereconductedon316Lstainlesssteel.Variationduringmicrostructureandpropertiesinjointsobtainedbydifferentweldingmethodswasstudied.TheresultsshowthattheeffectofseveremechanicalstirringandintenseplasticdeformationcreatafinerecrystallizedgrainintheweldingjointduringFSW.AsforTIG,thetemperatureofweldingjointexceedsthemeltingpointofweldedmaterialitself.Theentireweldingprocessbelongstothesolidificationofasmallmoltenpool;andthemicrostructureofthejointtakesonatypicalcastingstructure.Whentheweldingparameterswereselectedappropriately,theaverageultimatetensilestrengthofFSWjointscanreach493MPa,whichis83.6%ofbasemetal;theaverageelongationis52.1%ofbasemetal.TheaverageultimatetensilestrengthofTIGjointsis475MPa,whichis80.5%ofbasemetal;theaverageelongationis40.8%ofbasemetal.ThetensiletestofFSWjointsissuperiortotheTIGjoints.ThemicrohardnessofFSWjointcomparedtobasemetalandTIGjointhavingasignificantimprovement,whicharel95.5HV,159.7HVand160.7HV,respectively;grainrefinementstrengtheningplaysanimportantroleinenhancingthemicrohardness.TheelectrochemicalcorrosiontestsshowthatthejointofFSW316Lausteniticstainlesssteelhasagoodcorrosionresistance.

简介：Cold-stretchedpressurevesselsfromausteniticstainlesssteels(ASS)arewidelyusedforstorageandtransportationofliquefiedgases,andhavesuchadvantagesasthinwallandlightweight.Fatigueisanimportantconcerninthesepressurevessels,whicharesubjectedtoalternativeloads.Eventhoughseveralcodesandstandardshaveguidelinesonthesepressurevessels,therearenorelevantdesignmethodsonfatiguefailure.TounderstandthefatiguepropertiesofASS1.4301(equivalentsincludeUNSS30400andAISI304)insolution-annealed(SA)andcold-stretchedconditions(9%strainlevel)andtheresponseoffatiguepropertiestocoldstretching(CS),low-cyclefatigue(LCF)testswereperformedatroomtemperature,withtotalstrainamplitudesrangingfrom-.4%to-.8%.Martensitetransformationsweremeasuredduringthetests.Comparisonsoncyclicstressresponse,cyclicstress-strainbehavior,andfatiguelifewerecarriedoutbetweenSAandCSmaterials.ResultsshowthatCSreducestheinitialhardeningstage,butprolongsthesofteningperiodinthecyclicstressresponse.Martensitetransformationhelpsformastableregimeandsubsequentsecondaryhardening.Thestressesofmonotonicandcyclicstress-straincurvesareimprovedbyCS,whichleadstoalowerplasticstrainandamuchhigherelasticstrain.ThefatigueresistanceoftheCSmaterialisbetterthanthatoftheSAmaterial,whichisapproximately1?03to2?04cycles.TheS-NcurveoftheASMEstandardforASSiscomparedwiththefatiguedataandisjustifiedtobesuitableforthefatiguedesignofcold-stretchedpressurevessels.However,consideringtheCSmaterialhasabetterfatigueresistance,theS-Ncurvewillbemoreconservative.ThepresentstudywouldbehelpfulinmakingfulluseoftheadvantagesofCStodevelopanewS-Ncurveforfatiguedesignofcold-stretchedpressurevessels.

简介：

简介：在变硬降水的Fe–Ni的变丑和破裂的导致氢的修正基于奥氏体的合金借助于控告实验，张力的测试，扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)和传播电子显微镜学(TEM)的热氢在现在的学习被调查了。它被发现′粒子受到在塑料变丑期间的由脱臼的多重砍，它支持脱臼的出现平面滑倒。而且，合金将被在macroscale导致紧张本地化的形成的氢提高。那么，在合金的变丑和骨折的机制被建议了以严肃导致氢平面在能导致宏观的紧张本地化的microscale滑倒。

简介：Improvingtheunitheatefficiency,reducingcoalconsumptionandtheemissionofCO2andmeetingtherequirementsofenvironmentalprotectionandenergyconservationisthegoaloftheboilerandthepowerindustry.Developmentsoflargecapacityandhighparameterultra-supercritical（USC）unitsarethetendencyofthepowerindustry.ThereisnodoubtthatthedevelopmentofUSCunitsisbasedonthedevelopmentofmaterials,especiallythematerialsusedforsuper-heaterandreheaterinhigh-temperatureUSCboiler.Duetothelongtimeexposuretotheharshenvironment,suchasbearingthe600℃steamoxidation,andwithstandingthecorrosivefluegasandflyasherosion,thematerialsrequirenotonlygoodhigh-temperaturestrength,butalsoagoodcorrosionresistance.Inconsiderationoftherequirementscitedabove,foreigncountrieshaddevelopedTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）austeniticheat-resistantsteel.However,thedomesticdemandsforthismaterialstilldependonimportandthecostishigh,sotheboilerandthepowerindustryexpectseagerlythatthesesteelscanbeproducedbydomesticmetallurgicalindustry,especiallyBaosteel,toreplacetheimportedproducts.Inordertosatisfytherequirementsofdomesticmanufacturingsuper-heaterandreheaterusedinultra-supercriticalpowerboiler,afterdevelopedT23、T91、T92、S30432highpressureboilertube,BaosteelbegantodevelopTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）austeniticstainlesssteeltubeinJanuaryof2007.Thisstudydescribesthecompositiondesign,themanufacturingprocessofproduct,andtheassessmentofperformanceofBaosteel’sTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）.ThedataindicatesthatpropertiesofBaosteel’sTP310HCbN（07Cr25Ni21CbN）conformtotheASMESA-213standardandGB5310standard,soitcansubstitutetheimportedproductsandissuitableformanufacturingpowerstationboilerofgreatcapacityandhighsteamparameters.

简介：Thestudyintroducesthechemicalcomposition,mechanicalproperties,physicalpropertiesandproductionprocessesoftheFe-23Mn-2Al-Vausteniticsteel.Investigationsweremadeintotheformationofcracksinthehot-rolledFe-23Mn-2Al-Vsteelplates,withopticalmicroscopy(OM),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andenergydispersivespectrum(EDS).Theresultshaveshownthatintergranularoxidationinthereheatingfurnaceisthemaincauseofthecracksonthesurfaceofthehot-rolledsteelplates.Thesurfacecrackingcanbelargelyavoidedbycontrollingtheremainingoxygencontentinthereheatingfurnaceandimprovingcontinuouscasting(CC)processestoincreasethethicknessoffineequiaxedgrainlayerofthesteelslabs.

简介：Intheacceleratordrivensub-criticalsystem(ADS)cooledbyliquidPbBialloy,theausteniticstainlesssteel316Lisoneofthecandidatesofstructuralmaterials.However,thecorrosionandwearbehaviorof316Lsteelinthehigh-velocitystreamofliquidPbBiisthemostessentialissue,whichisurgenttobepaidcloseattention.Inordertoacquirethemorphologyandmechanicalpropertiesof316Lsteelintheconditionsofdifferentrelativeflowingvelocity(RFV),respectively2.62m/s,3.69m/s,4.77m/s,theexperimentwascarriedoutindynamicliquidPbBiat550℃,uptoabout1500h.Accordingtotheresults,thesurfaceof316LhasbeencorrodedbadlyandtheelementsofNi,Cr,etc.werefoundtodissolvealot.WiththeincreaseoftheRFV,thefeatureof316Lsurfacechangedfromthesurfacewithmuchdeeperpitsandlooserstructurestotherelativeplanarone,andthethicknessoftheouteroxidelayerdecreasedgraduallywhilethatoftheinneroxidelayerdiminishedalittle,andthemicrohardnessoftheoutermostsubstratealsodeclinedincreasingly,inaddition,thedomainofthepartialsubstratewithitsmicrohardnessbeingaltereddeepenedfurther.Theseexperimentaldatawouldoffertheoreticalbasisandpracticalvaluestostudycorrosionconditionof316LsteelinliquidPbBiwithhigh-velocity.