简介:Objective:Toestablishananimalmodeloflike-auditoryneuropathyinneonatalrat.MethodsTheani-malswereinjectedwithphenylhydrazinehydrochlorideorsalineat7-dayofage.ABRandDPOAEwereperformedtoassesstheauditoryfunction.Thecochleabasilarmembranestretchedpreparationandcochlearfrozensectionswerepreparedforimmunohistochemicalstainingtoexaminethemorphologicalchangeofhaircellsandspiralganglioncells(SGNs).ResultsAt7-dayagetheABRwaveI,III,V,latenciesandI-III,I-VIWIsintheexperimentalgroupweresignificantlyprolongedcomparedwiththoseinthecontrolgroup.TheABRthresholdswerealsoelevatedintheexperimentalgroup.Wefoundthereisnosignificantdiffer-enceinDPOAEinphenylhydrazinehydrochlorideexposuregroupcomparetocontrolgroup.Thecochlearhaircellsshowednosignsoflossinbothgroup,butthetotalnumberofneurofilamentspositivecellsinSGNsweresignificantlyreducedinthephenylhydrazinetreatedanimals.ConclusionOurstudysuggeststhatphenylhydrazinehydrochloridecanchangetheauditoryfunctionandinduceperipheralnervepathologybytargetedmainlytheSGNsinneonatalrat.
简介:Thispaperproposesaconstitutivelawandamethodforcharacterizinghighlypreloadedviscoelasticmaterialssubjectedtolinear(small-amplitude)vibrations.Amultiplicativenon-separablevariableslawhasbeensuggestedtomodelthebehaviorthatdependsonbothstretchandtime/frequency.Thisapproachallowssplittingtheintricatecombinedtestperformedsimultaneouslyonbothstretchandfrequency,generallyinalimitedexperimentaldomainupto100Hz,intotwoindependenttests.Thus,ononehand,thedynamiccomplexmodulusdependentonfrequencyaloneisevaluatedonthebasisofvibrationtestsinalargeexperimentaldomainupto100kHz.Ontheotherhand,energeticparametersaredeterminedfromaquasi-statichyperelastictensiletest.Thecomplexmodulus,dependentonbothstretchandfrequency,isthendeducedfromtheresultsacquiredfromuncoupledinvestigations.Thisworkshowsthat,inextension,theelasticmodulusincreaseswithincreasingstretch,andthelossfactordecreaseswithincreasingstretch;while,incompression,aroundthematerialundeformedstate,themodulusincreasesasthestretchincreasestillacertainvalueofcompressionstretch(upturnpointdependingonmaterialcharacteristics),andthenthemodulusdecreasesasthestretchincreases.Globally,preloadrigidifiesmaterialsbutreducestheirdampingproperty.Theseresultscloselymatchawell-knownobservationinsolidmechanics.
简介:植物生长发育过程中会遭遇各种病原物的攻击,植物为了应对这些危害并适应外界的生存竞争,逐渐演化出了复杂的防御机制。NHL基因家族庞大,部分NHL基因受病原物诱导后会过量表达,增强植物对多种病原菌的抗性,是与植物防御机制密切相关的蛋白。本研究以津南实芹和美国西芹2个芹菜品种为试验材料,分别克隆出NHL-like蛋白基因AgNHL。序列分析表明,上述2种芹菜的AgNHL基因序列均含636bp的开放阅读框,编码211个氨基酸。2种芹菜碱基序列,只有第36位不同,津南实芹为T,美国西芹为C,2种碱基序列相似性高达99.84%,编码的氨基酸序列相同。进化分析显示,2种芹菜的NHL-like蛋白与葡萄、大豆等植物的相似度较高,在第80~185氨基酸间含一个LEA-2蛋白保守结构域。荧光定量PCR结果表明,AgNHL基因主要在芹菜茎中表达,根中表达量最低,有明显组织特异性,品种差异也很显著。对2种芹菜分别进行4℃低温、38℃高温、20%PEG处理、0.2mol/LNaCl处理2h表达分析显示,低温、盐处理下该基因表达量明显上升。
简介:<正>教学目标:1.听懂,会读,会说puppetpuzzlelove.2.能听懂,会读,会说,会写kitelike.3.能听懂,会读,会说,会写Ilike/love….Metoo.4.能听懂,会读,会说,会写What’sthis/thatinEnglish?It’sa/an…Doyoulike…?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.教具准备:1.教师:纸盒,木偶,拼图各一个,糖果,巧克力各一些。制作的多媒体课件。2学生:自带一些实物用于课堂操练。教学重难点:What’sthis/thatinEnglish?It’sa/an…Doyoulike…?教学过程:一、游戏激趣,愉快导入1.T:Classbegins.Goodmorning,boysandgirls.Howareyou?What’sinyourpencilcase?S:…(师生之间的freetalk,复习巩固前三单元的知识。)2.T:What’sthis?S:It’sapencilcase.
简介:让AAB(X)B(X)的subalgebra正在包含身份操作员我 ;并且幂等P ;。建议那,:A→A,:A→A是戒指epimorphisms并且在那里存在一些在XX上嵌套NN以便 (P)(X) and (P)(X) (P)(X) and (P)(X)是NN的重要元素。让AA包含在AlgN and : A→B(X)AlgN and : A→B(X)的一个操作员是的所有等级印射的添加剂。是否,被看那是在零个点可引出的(,),然后在那里存在添加剂(,)=derivation : A→B(X)(,)=derivation : A→B(X)以便(A)=(A)+(A)(I) for all A∈ A(A)=(A)+(A)(I) for all A∈ A。它也被看那是否是在零个点可引出的概括(,),然后,添加剂被概括(,)推导。而且由这结果的使用,添加剂印射(概括)在几巢代数学上的零个点可引出的(,),也被描绘。
简介:MADS-box基因家族中的AG(AGAMOUS)基因对心皮和胚珠的发育起重要作用。本研究以甜樱桃(PrunusaviumL.)为试验材料,通过RT-PCR扩增AG保守片段,利用RACE技术获得一个全长表达序列,采用实时荧光定量的方法研究了外源赤霉素对该基因表达的影响。结果表明:(1)所获得基因PaMADS5(Genebank登录号:JQ686726),全长为1092bp,编码246个氨基酸;(2)蛋白同源性分析和系统进化分析表明,PaMADS5属于MADS-box家族中的AG亚族;组织特异性分析表明,PaMADS5在花的雄蕊和心皮中表达。(3)PaMADS5在雌蕊中的表达量受赤霉素的影响,随着赤霉素处理浓度的升高,PaMADS5的表达逐渐升高,表明PaMADS5可能参与调控甜樱桃雌蕊的发育。
简介:以落叶松转录组测序数据为基础,利用RT-PCR从落叶松中分离出一个1590bp的APETALA2-Like转录因子基因全长编码序列,命名为LaAP2L1。蛋白质特性分析显示LaAP2L1编码529个氨基酸,为亲水性蛋白,相对分子质量为58.327kD,等电点为6.45。二级结构主要由α-螺旋(alphahelix)、β-折叠(strand)和环肽链(loop)组成。多重序列比对和系统进化分析表明LaAP2L1所编码的氨基酸与黑松、云杉等亲缘关系最近。同时,通过构建植物表达载体,利用浸花法转化模式植物拟南芥的功能研究发现,与转空载体对照拟南芥相比,过量表达LaAP2L1的转基因拟南芥的叶片、茎、花和株高都显著增大、增高,表明落叶松LaAP2L1转录因子可能参与了植物器官发育的调节。
简介:AIM:Tostudytheassociationsbetweenlysyloxidaselike1(LOXL1)polymorphismsandprimaryopenangleglaucoma(POAG)remaininconsistent.Inthisstudy,wehaveperformedameta-analysistoinvestigatetheassociationofLOXL1polymorphismswithPOAGrisk.METHODS:PublishedliteraturefromPubMedandotherdatabaseswereretrieved.AllstudiesevaluatingtheassociationbetweenLOXL1polymorphisms(rs2165241,rs1048661,rs3825942)andPOAGriskwereincluded.Pooledoddsratio(OR)and95%confidenceinterval(CI)werecalculatedusingrandom-orfixed-effectsmodel.RESULTS:Twelvestudieswereidentifiedaseligiblearticles,withthirteen(2098casesand16473controls),thirteen(1795casesand2916controls)andsixteenpopulationcohorts(2456casesand2846controls)fortheassociationofrs2165241,rs1048661andrs3825942withPOAGriskrespectively.OverallanalysesshowednoassociationbetweeneachLOXL1polymorphismandPOAGrisk,andthenegativeassociationswereremainedwhenthesubjectswerestratifiedasCaucasianandAsian.Theheterozygoteofrs2165241wasassociatedwithreducedPOAGriskinhospital-basedpopulations(TCvsCC:OR,0.79,95%CI:0.63-0.99),andrs1048661wasassociatedwithincreasedPOAGriskinhospitalbasedpopulationsinadominantmodel(TTvsCC+CT:OR,1.23,95%CI:1.01-1.50);however,theseassociationswerenotfoundinpopulation-basedsubjects.CONCLUSION:Thismeta-analysissuggeststhatLOXL1polymorphismsarenotassociatedwithPOAGrisk.Giventhelimitedsamplesize,theassociationsofLOXL1polymorphismswithPOAGriskinhospital-basedpopulationsawaitfurtherinvestigation.
简介:尽管有CD4+CD25+规章的T房间(Tregs)在过去的十年期间,在他们的临床的翻译以后的进步仍然保持停滞。增长证据建议那自然地发生的CD8+CD122+T房间也是有能力的Tregs禁止T房间回答并且象alloimmunity一样压制autoimmunity。事实上,他们是像记忆的Tregs类似于一个中央记忆T房间(T厘米)显型。位于他们的抑制下面的机制仍然不好被理解,尽管他们可以包括IL-10生产。我们最近证明了那个规划death-1(PD-1)表达式区分在之间规章并且存储器CD8+CD122+T房间和那CD8+CD122+Tregs经历更快的homeostatic增长并且比常规CD4+CD25+Tregs。这些调查结果可以为在诊所加速有效Treg治疗打开调查的一根新线。在这评论,我们在CD8+CD122+Treg在诊所研究并且讨论他们的显型,在autoimmunity和alloimmunity的镇压角色,功能的要求,行动的机制和潜在的应用。