简介：AbstractIntroduction:Glucose transporter type 1 (Glut1) deficiency syndrome is a treatable neurometabolic disorder characterized by seizures, developmental delay, and hypoglycorrhachia. Due to the rareness and non-specific clinical manifestations, it is usually mis- or underdiagnosed.Case presentation:We report the case of a toddler who presented with afebrile epileptic seizures and abnormal gait. Brain imaging and electroencephalogram were normal. Further investigation of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed hypoglycorrhachia that was the clue to the diagnosis of Glut1 deficiency syndrome and the initiation of treatment with ketogenic diet.Conclusion:Our case highlights the importance of lumbar puncture while investigating a child with epileptic seizures and abnormal gait or developmental delay, in order not to miss treatable neurometabolic conditions, such as Glut1 deficiency syndrome.

简介：我们在场为为在结构上设计免费步法的一个方法能够表现的对称的四足动物机器人静态地稳定，在不规则的地面上的全向的走。机器人的虚拟模型被构造，一个控制算法被在一些战略地点使用虚拟部件建议。当维持走的速度时，慎重底的控制器能产生腿迁移的灵活序列，并且基于exteroceptive地面侧面的集成数据为动人的腿选择最佳立脚点。模拟结果被介绍在适应不明确的地面显示出步法的效率和系统的稳定性。

简介：拐弯处步法是为类人动物机器人的一个基本运动。这篇论文为类人动物转弯论述一个方法，即钟拐弯处。钟拐弯处的目的是在一个静止的点改变机器人方向。计划的钟拐弯处由四步组成：脚关节轨道产生，新潮的轨道产生，膝轨道产生，和反的kinematics计算。我们的建议方法与12DOF(自由的度)基于典型类人动物结构。钟拐弯处计划的最后的输出是12条引用轨道，它被用来与12DOF控制一个类人动物机器人。ZMP(零个时刻点)作为稳定性标准被使用计划。模拟实验被进行验证我们的建议钟拐弯处方法的有效性。关键词类人动物机器人-拐弯处步法-ZMP-钟拐弯处这个工作被中国(号码60174018)的国家自然科学基础支持。唐哲在湖南省出生了，中国，在1977。他当前是在Nanyang工艺的大学的聪明的系统中心的一个研究家伙。他在清华大学从计算机科技的系收到了学士和博士度，北京中国。他的研究兴趣包括类人动物机器人，聪明的控制。孙增琪在江苏省出生了，中国，在1943。他从自动控制的系收到了学士度，清华大学在1966，并且在从Chalmers工业大学设计的控制的博士度，Gothenburg，瑞典，在1981。他当前是在计算机科学系和技术的一个教授，清华大学。他在控制系统，计算机控制理论，聪明的控制，和机器人学的电脑辅助的设计上是超过200篇论文和八本书的作者或合作者。他的当前的研究兴趣包括聪明的控制，机器人学，模糊系统，神经网络，和进化计算。刘洪波在山东省出生了，中国，在1978。他当前是在在中国北京的清华大学的计算机科技的系的一个博士候选人。他的研究兴趣包括因特网数据采矿和聪明的系统。MengJoo嗯分别地在1985和1988从新加坡的国家大学在电力工程收到了他的学士和硕士学位并且在从澳大利亚的公�

简介：<正>Purpose:Thepurposeofthisstudywastoinvestigatelowerextremityneuromuscularactivitypatternsduringgaittransitionswithcontinuouslychanginglocomotionspeeds.Methods:Muscularactivitiesrelatedtogaittransitions(walktorunandruntowalk)inducedbychangingtreadmillspeedwerecomparedtomuscularactivitiesduringwalkandrunatconstantspeeds.Alltransitionandconstantspeedconditionswereconductedinsimilarspeedrange.Surfaceelectromyographicactivitiesofgluteusmaximus(GM),rectusfemoris(RF),vastuslateralis(VL),bicepsfemorislonghead(BFL),tibialisanterior(TA),gastrocnemius(GA),andsoleus(SL)werecollectedandanalyzed.Theinfluencesofspeedandmodeoflocomotionwereanalyzed.Results:Wehaveobservedtransitionspecificnonlinearmuscularbehaviorinthisstudy.Forexample,peakmagnitudesofGM,RF,GA,andSLincreasedwithspeedquadraticallyaslocomotionapproachedwalktoruntransitionwithinthelastfivesteps.ActivitydurationofGAdecreasedinaquadraticfashionwithspeedasapproachedruntowalktransitionwithinthelastfivesteps.Thesenonlinearreactionstospeedchangewereonlyobservedintransitionrelatedconditionsbutnotintheconstantspeedconditions.Conclusion:Theseresultsindicatedthat,inpreparationfortransition,neuromuscularmodificationsoccurstepsbeforegaittransitionduetochangingspeed.Gaittransitionisnotaspontaneouseventinresponsetoanytypeoftriggers.

简介：Thecompressedsensing(CS)ofaccelerationdatahasbeendrawingincreasingattentioningaittelemonitoringapplication.Insuchapplication,therestillexistsomechallengingissuesincludinghighenergyconsumptionofbody-worndeviceforaccelerationdataacquisitionandthepoorreconstructionperformanceduetononsparsityofaccelerationdata.Thus,thenovelschemeofcompressivesensingofaccelerationdataisneededurgentlyforsolutionsthatarefoundtotheseissues.

简介：Thepaperbuildsamulti-rigid-bodymodelofhumanwitha4-rigid-bodyfootinthe3DCADsoftwareSolidworks,basedonhumananatomy.Bycontrollingtherotationoftheankleandmajorjointsofhumanbodywhilewalking,theKinematicsimulationwasperformedinthedynamicssimulationsoftwareADAMS.Thepaperanalyzesthesimulateresultsandpointsoutdeficienciesinthecurrentworkandthedirectionofresearcheffortsinfuture.

简介：AbstractBackground:The prevalence rates of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) vary widely, ranging from 14.0 to 55.1%. Our aim is to calculate the overall prevalence of FOG in all PD patients with different disease durations and severities.Methods:Using Medline/PubMed/Embase, we carried out a systematic literature search for studies reporting the PD and clinically relevant FOG.Results:After primary screening, a total of 35 studies were identified and further analyzed for inclusion into the analysis, and 29 studies fulfilled the quality criteria and included in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of FOG in PD was 39.9% (95% CI 35.3-44.5%). The FOG identified by the freezing of gait questionnaire item 3 may be more prevalent (43.8%, 95% CI 38.5-49.1%) than the FOG identified by the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale item 14 (36.0%, 95% CI 29.0-43.1%). Disease duration and severity are both the clinical features associated with the FOG. The highest FOG prevalence rate in PD patients was seen in patients with disease durations ≥ 10 years, at 70.8%, followed that of PD patients with disease durations ≥ 5 years (53.3%), and PD patients with disease durations < 5 years (22.4%). FOG presented in 28.4% of PD patients with Hoehn and Yahr staging (H&Y) score ≤ 2.5, and in 68.4% of PD patients with H&Y score ≥ 2.5.Conclusion:This meta-analysis confirms that the prevalence of FOG in PD is considerable, and highlights the need for accurate identification of FOG in PD.

简介：Purpose:Toobservetherelativechangeinfoot-strikepattern,pressurecharacteristics,surfaceelectromyography(sEMG)recordings,andstridecharacteristicsinforefootstrikerunnerswearingbothminimalistandtraditionalshoesduringa50-kmrun.Methods:Fourexperiencedminimalistrunnerswereenrolledinthisstudy.Eachrunnerrana50-kmsimulatedruninbothminimalistshoesandtraditionalshoes.Pressuredata,sEMGrecordings,andlimited3Dmotioncapturedatawerecollectedduringtheinitial0.8kmandfinal0.8kmforeachtrial.Results:Threerunnersinthetraditionalshoetypeconditionandonerunnerintheminimalistshoetypeconditiondemonstratedamoreposteriorinitialcontactarea(midfootstrike(MFS)pattern)afterthe50-kmrun.whichwassupportedbyincreasedactivityofthetibialisanteriorinthepre-contaetphase(asperrootmeansquare(RMS)values).Inaddition,inbothpre-andpost-runconditions,therewereincreasedpeakpressuresintheminimalistshoetype,specificallyinthemedialforefoot.Musclefatigueasdefinedbyadecreasedmedianfrequencyobservedinisometric,constantforcecontractionsdidnotcorrespondwithourhypothesisinrelationtotheobservedfootstrikechangepattern.Finally,steprateincreasedandsteplengthdecreasedafterthe50-kmruninbothshoetypeconditions.Conclusion:Morerunnersadoptedamoreposteriorinitialcontactareaafterthe50-kmruninthetraditionalshoetypethanintheminimalistshoetype.Therunnerswhoadoptedamoreposteriorinitialcontactareaweremorecloselyassociatedwithanincreasedmedianfrequencyofthemedialgastrocnemius,whichsuggeststheremaybeachangeinmotorunitrecruitmentpatternduringlong-distance,sustainedvelocityrunning.Theincreasedpeakpressuresobservedinthemedialforefootintheminimalistshoetypemaypredisposetometatarsalstressfracturesinthesettingofimpropertraining.

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简介：Gaitrecognitionisthekeyquestionoffunctionalelectricalstimulation(FES)systemcontrolforparaplegicwalking.Anewrisk-tendency-graph(RTG)methodwasproposedtorecognizethestabilityinformationinFES-assistedwalkinggait.Themaininstrumentwasaspecializedwalkerdynamometersystembasedonamulti-channelstrain-gaugebridgenetworkfixedonthewalkerframe.Duringwalkingprocess,thissystemcollectedthereactionforcesbetweenpatient'supperextremitiesandwalkerandconvertedthemintoRTGmorphologiccurvesofdynamicgaitstabilityintemporalandspatialdomains.TodemonstratethepotentialusefulnessofRTG,preliminaryclinicaltrialsweredonewithparaplegicpatients.Thegaitstabilitylevelsoftwowalkingcaseswith4-and12-weekFEStrainingfromonesubjectwerequantified(0.43and0.19)fromtheresultsoftemporalandspatialRTG.Relevantinstablephasesingaitcycleanddangerousinclinationsofpatient'sbodyduringwalkingprocesswerealsobroughtforward.Inconclusion,thenewRTGmethodispracticalfordistinguishingmoreusefulgaitstabilityinformationforFESsystemcontrol.

简介：Background:AlthoughTaiJiQuanhasbeenshowntorelievepainandimprovefunctionalmobilityinpeoplewithkneeosteoarthritis(OA),littleisknownaboutitspotentialbenefitsongaitcharacteristicsamongolderChinesewomenwhohaveahighprevalenceofbothradiographicandsymptomatickneeOA.ThisstudyaimstoassesstheefficacyofatailoredTaiJiQuaninterventionongaitkinematicsforolderChinesewomenwithkneeOA.Methods:Arandomizedcontrolledtrialinvolving46olderwomeninShanghai,China,withclinicallydiagnosedkneeOA.Randomized(1:1)participantsreceivedeithera60minTaiJiQuansession(n=23)3timesweeklyora60minbi-weeklyeducationalsession(n=23)for24weeks.Primaryoutcomeswerechangesingaitkinematicmeasuresfrombaselineto24weeks.SecondaryoutcomesincludedchangesinscoresontheWesternOntarioandMcMasterUniversityOsteoarthritisIndex(WOMAC)andShortPhysicalPerformanceBattery(SPPB).Results:After24weekstheTaiJiQuangroupdemonstratedbetterperformanceingaitvelocity(meandifference,8.40cm/s,p=0.01),steplength(meandifference,3.52cm,p=0.004),initialcontactangle(meandifference,2.19°,p=0.01),andmaximalangle(meandifference,2.61°,p=0.003)offlexedkneesduringstancephasecomparedtothecontrolgroup.Inaddition,theTaiJiQuangroupshowedsignificantimprovementinWOMACscores(p<0.01)(meandifference,-4.22pointsinpain,p=0.002;-2.41pointsinstiffness,p<0.001;-11.04pointsinphysicalfunction,p=0.006)andSPPBscores(meandifference,1.22points,p<0.001).Conclusion:AmongolderChinesewomenwithkneeOA,atailoredTaiJiQuaninterventionimprovedgaitoutcomes.TheinterventionalsoimprovedoverallfunctionasindexedbytheWOMACandSPPB.TheseresultssupporttheuseofTaiJiQuanforolderChineseadultswithkneeOAtobothimprovetheirfunctionalmobilityandreducepainsymptomatology.

简介：AbstractPurpose:To observe the changes of gait behavior and the expression of wound healing factors of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), TGF-β3 and cAMP response element binding protein-1 (CREB-1) during the healing of Achilles tendon in a rat model, and to investigate whether gait analysis can be used to evaluate the tendon healing.Methods:Achilles tendon of 40 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were transected and sutured to establish the Achilles tendon injury (ATI) model. They were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the observational time point at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after injury (n= 10 for each group). Before modeling, 9 rats were randomly selected for CatWalk gait analysis, which contained step cycle, single stance time and average speed. Data were recorded as the normal controls. After then, ATI models were established in the left hind limbs of the all 40 rats (ATI group), while the right hind limbs were only cut and sutured without injury of the Achilles tendon (sham operation group). At 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after injury, the gait behavior of the corresponding group of rats (n= 9) as observed and recorded by CatWalk platform. After then, the rats were sacrificed and Achilles tendon of both limbs was harvested. The tendon healing was observed by gross anatomy and histological examination, and the protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 were observed by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. The results of tendon gross grading were analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test, and other data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance among multiple groups.Results:Compared with normal controls, all gait indexes (step cycle, single stance time and average speed) were greatly affected following ATI, which however improved with time. The step cycle was significantly lower at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after ATI (compared with normal controls, all p < 0.05), but almost returned to the normal level at 6 weeks ((0.694 ± 0.102) vs. (0.503 ± 0.094) s, p > 0.05). The single stance time of the ATI group was significantly shorter at 1 and 2 weeks after operation ((0.078 ± 0.010) s at 1 week, (0.078 ± 0.020) s at 2 weeks, all p < 0.001) and revealed no significant difference at 4 weeks (p= 0.120). The average speed of ATI group at 1, 2, 4, 6 weeks was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (all p < 0.001).Gross observation showed that the grade of local scar adhesion in ATI group increased significantly at 2, 4 and 6 weeks, compared with the sham operation group (all p < 0.001). Extensive adhesion was formed at 6 weeks after ATI. The results of HE staining showed that the number of fibroblast increased gradually and arranged more orderly in ATI group at 1, 2 and 4 weeks (all p < 0.001), and decreased at 6 weeks, but it was still significantly higher than that of the sham operation group (p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry showed that the positive expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 in ATI group was higher than that in the sham operation group at 4 time points (all p < 0.05), which reached the peak at 2 weeks after operation and decreased at 4 weeks (p= 0.002, p < 0.001, p= 0.041, respectively). The results of qPCR suggested that the mRNA expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 in ATI group was higher than that in the sham operation group at all-time points (all p < 0.05), which reached the peak at 2 weeks after operation, decreased at 4 weeks, and significantly decreased at 6 weeks (all p < 0.001).Conclusion:Gait behavior indexes are associated with Achilles tendon healing. The study gives an insight of TGF-β1, TGF-β3, CREB-1 changes in the coursing of Achilles tendon healing and these cytokines may be able to be used to regulate the Achilles tendon healing.