简介:ThisstudyresearchestheeffectsoftherefiningtreatmentonthemicrostructureandthemechanicalpropertiesofH13mandrelsteelandcomparestheseeffectswiththoseoftheconventionaltreatment.Theresultsindicatethatbothcarbideparticlesandgrainswererefined,carbideparticleswereuniformlydistributedbytherefiningtreatment,andtherefore,thestrengthandtoughnessofH13mandrelsteelwereimproved.Rapidcoolingafterthesolutiontreatmentmayinhibitintra-granularprecipitationofcarbideparticles,whichisfavorabletoenhancingtoughness.Consequently,high-performanceH13mandrelsteelcanbeproducedbyproperrefiningtreatment.
简介:Opticalmicroscope,stereomicroscope,scanningelectronicmicroscope(SEM)andmechanicalpropertytestingwereusedtoresearchtheeffectsofdifferentquenchingtemperaturesonthemicrostructureandmechanicalpropertiesoftheH13mandrelsteel.Theresultsindicatethatfollowinganincreaseinthequenching,thedegreeofalloyingisenhancedduetothecarbidesdissolvinggraduallyinaustenite,whichimprovesthehardenabilityofthespecimens,aswellastheirroomandhigh-temperaturestrength.Atthesametime,thefracturetoughnessincreasesduetotheincrementofthemartensitenumberandtheinterparticledistanceofthecarbides.However,extremelycoarsegrainandmartensitecandecreasetheimpacttoughness.Optimalperformancecanbeobtainedafterquenchingat1060℃anddoubletemperingat620℃.Consequently,theservicelifeoftheH13mandrelsteelisextendedsignificantly.
简介:Lowtemperaturecompositechromizingisaprocesscomposedofaplainion-carbonitridingorion-nitridingat550~580℃,followedbyalow-temperaturechromizinginasalt-bathof590℃.ThemicrostructureandpropertiesofthelowtemperaturecompositechromizedlayeronH13toolsteelwereinvestigatedusingmetallography,X-raydiffraction,microanalysis,hardnessandweartests.Itwasfoundthatthislowtemperatureprocesswasthermodynamicallyandkineticallypossible,andthecompositechromizedlayeronH13steel,withathicknessof3~6μm,consistedofthreesub-layers(bands),viz.theouterCr-richone,theintermediate(black)one,andtheinner,originalwhitelayer.Afterchromizing,theformerdiffusionlayerwasthickened.TheresultsofX-raydiffractionshowedthatthecompositechromizedlayercontainedsuchnitridesandcarbidesofchromiumasCrN,Cr2N,(Cr,Fe)23C6,and(Cr,Fe)7C3,aswellasplainα-(Fe,Cr).Ahighsurfacemicrohardnessof1450~1550HV0.025,whichismuchhigherthanthatobtainedbytheconventionalioncarbonitridingandionnitriding,wasobtained.Inaddition,anexcellentwearresistancewasgainedonthecompositechromizedlayer.
简介:Biomimeticsurfaceisaneffectivewaystopromotetheperformancegradeandappliedrangeofmaterialswithoutalteringtheirsubstrate.Manyimprovedpropertiessuchasresistingfatigue,enduringwear,etc,havebeenachievedbyapplyingbiomimeticmorphologyorstructuretosomeengineeringmaterialsurfaces.Inthispaper,aimingtorevealtherelationshipbetweenthermalcrackingbehaviorandmechanicalpropertiesofengineeringmaterialswithbiomimeticsurface,biomimeticspecimenswerefabricatedusinglasertechniquebyimitatingtheheterogeneousstructureonthesurfaceofplantleaves.TheeffectofthermalfatiguecyclingonthetensilepropertiesofH13diesteelspecimenswithdifferentsurfaces(severaltypesofbiomimeticsurfacesandasmoothsurface)wascomparedandinvestigated.Asaresult,duetothecouplingeffectsofthemorphologicalfeaturesonthesurfaceandthemicrostructurecharacteristicswithinunitzone,thesespecimenswithbiomimeticsurfaceexhibitremarkablyenhancedUltimateTensileStrength(UTS)and0.2%YieldStrength(YS)comparedwithreferencespecimenswhilecorrespondingductilityremainslargelyunaffectedevenheightened,whetherthethermalfatigueloadsornot.Therelativemechanismsleadingtotheseimprovementshavebeendiscussed.
简介:通过对不同淬火及回火工艺处理的H13钢进行硬度测试及金相分析,结果显示:H13钢在1020℃~1080℃淬火温度范围内、530℃~650℃回火温度区间内,随淬火温度的升高,钢的淬火硬度有先升高后下降的趋势,H13钢在1050℃左右淬火时其淬火硬度最高.当淬火温度相同时,随回火温度的升高,钢的回火硬度呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,在560℃左右回火时其回火硬度达到峰值,此时钢的组织主要由板条状回火马氏体、细小碳化物颗粒加少量的残余奥氏体组成,且随着回火温度的升高,回火马氏体逐步向回火索氏体转化;当回火温度达到620℃~650℃时,钢的硬度开始急剧下降.
简介:摘要:4Cr13H在线预硬扁钢,在经过一次回火处理后,精整带锯切割困难,通过对锯切横截面观察,发现锯切横截面凹凸不平,并且伴有麻点。切取试料,做低倍,成分,硬度,金相等检验,进行全面分析,造成锯切困难的原因是:局部成分偏析,回火时组织转变不完全。
简介:摘要 作为化学学科一大独有的特色标志,化学方程式既是化学教学的重头戏也是化学教学的拦路虎。一方面,化学方程式是化学教学中的一个重要部分,化学中化学反应的表示、反应原理的解释以及物质的化学性质说明都离不开化学方程式,它是学生学好化学形成正确的科学思想和积极的学习态度的重要基础;另一方面,同时亦是化学教学中的难点之一,学生往往在学习化学方程式时采用死记硬背的方法,加之不能清楚地理解化学方程式所要表达出来的微观结构蕴意,使得初三学生在初接触化学学科时困难重重,学习兴趣降低,对接下来的化学学习造成了负面的影响。本文主要采用文献法和个案研究法,通过阅读大量的参考文献,阐述化学方程式的含义,强调化学方程式的基础性和重要性;在此基础上,学习与分析有关化学方程式的教学案例,从中领悟总结出适合中学生学习化学方程式的方法。