简介：IntroductionWhatisthedifferencebetweeninstrumentalandintegrativemotivation?Whatkindofmotivationsdostudentshave?Howcanourknowledgeofmotivationhelpthelanguagelearningprocess?Motivationcanbeveryimportantinlanguageteaching.Studentscandoverywellwhentheyaremotivated.Teachers,withtheirknowledgeofmotivation,canmaketheirclassesmoreefficientandsuccessful.Middleschoolteachers,inadditiontolearningabouttheEnglishlanguageitself,andaboutteachingmethods,shouldalsolearnmoreaboutmotivationandhowthisaffectsourstudents."Whenweconsiderlanguageteaching,motivationcanbeclassifiedaseitherintegrativeorinstrumentalmotivation"(Luxon)

简介：ZhengMin(Maggie):Initiationofthediscus-siontopicDearMr.Ma,I’mverysorryforthislateinitia-tionofdiscussiontopics.JustcomefromonecountyofInnerMongolianearthecityofChiFeng.ThereisreallyalackofcompetentteachersofEnglishinruralareas,andinastonishmentIsawmanywhobarelyspeakEnglishteachesEnglishinmiddleschools.Asforthetopicofdiscussion,I’dliketofocusonlearn-er’smotivation,whichisavitalfactorinsuccessfullearning.Itiswellknownthatmotivationisclassi-fiedbyGardner&Lambert(1972)into"integrative"and"instrumental"ones.Othercategorizationin-

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简介：Since1990s,secondlanguagelearningmotivationresearchpresenteddiversifieddevelopmenttendencyinChina,particularlyanempiricalstudyisontherise,whichverifiedthevalidationofforeignlanguagelearningmotivationtheories,andnewdiscoveriesaremade.Inrecentyears,astheInternationalcommunicationandcooperationincreasing,learningEnglishisbecomingthebasicdemandoftalentsin21stcentury.While,toagreatextent,learningEnglishiscloselyrelatedtothelearningmotivation,whenlearnerspositivelywanttolearnandmakebestuseofreasonablemethods,theycangetapprovingresults.Therefore,thisessaywilldiscussmotivationinEnglishforspecificlearning.

简介：这研究的PurposeThe目的是测试并且膨胀Marathoners规模(妈妈)模型的动机(主人et?al，1993).MethodsThe妈妈问询表被散布到306个男、女的马拉松跑步者(年龄范围：20-77年)，与在马拉松跑的经验(变化：1-44跑)。确定的因素分析(CFA)表明原来的模型没能适合数据。因此，探索因素分析(EFA)被执行为当前的数据测试最好的因素的解决方案，并且随后的CFA在修订因素的结构上被执行。然后，用最大的可能性的因素抽取方法的一系列EFA是模型数据的performed.ResultsThe最好结构答案合适导致了11个因素：心理copingemotional相关的处理、心理copingeveryday生活管理，生活意思，自尊，识别，联营，重量担心，一般健康orientationreduced疾病流行和长寿，一般健康orientationkeep适合，竞争，并且个人球门achievement.ConclusionThis学习为为身体上要求象马拉松跑，和需要那样的任务同样在研究被使用并且测试incorpora学习动机提供一个声音和稳固的框架

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简介：1996). Students who have strong learning motivation take a correct and positive attitude towards study and make great efforts to master English with clear goal and desire and consequently gain better grade than those who haven’t acquired motivation and those students usually regard English learning as a heavy and boring burden. It is true that motivation is such a basic factor in language learning that no teacher could avoid being concerned with students’ motivation. So it is necessary to understand motivation more deeply,the learners have a desire in which is a drive to persist in English learning. It is true that two students sit next to each other in a class. They look alike and are similar in ability,motivation is very important to English learning.BodyⅠ. Theoretical rationale1. Definition of motivationA) In the term of psychologyB) In language learning2. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivationA) Definition of intrinsic motivationB) Definition of extrinsic motivationC) Relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation3. Personal factors in motivation A) Motivation and arousal B) Motivation and needs C) Motivation and beliefs D) Motivation and goals Ⅱ. Ways to motivate students in English learning1. Using various and interesting activities2. Involving new and effective techniques3. High expectation and using rewards appropriately4. Create a relaxed and positive learning climate 5. Cooperative activities6. Providing opportunities for students to experience successConclusion 

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简介：teachers’ explanation of what students supposed to be learning and why they are learning it promote a sense of value and make students more clear and positive in learning English. Then teachers should present tasks with challenging in the principle of neither too easy nor too difficult that beyond the students’ capacity,motivation is fatal important and the ways to motivate students in English learning is more important to English learning. The ways the author mentioned above are relatively effective to motivate and sustain students in English learning. Sometimes,a relaxed and positive learning climate should be providing for students learning English. In a friendly atmosphere

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简介：Physicalliteracyisaconceptthatisexpectedtoencompassthemindandbodyinanintegratedwaytoexplain,promote,andhelpsustainhumanbeings'fundamentalfunction:movement.AccordingtoWhitehead(2010),physicalliteracyisdefinedbymotivation,especiallybycompetence-basedandinterest-basedmotivation.Thispointofviewisconsistentwithvastamountofresearchevidenceonchildrenandadolescents'physicalactivitybehavior.InthearticleIattempttointerpretandoperationalizephysicalliteracyfromaperspectivethatchildren'smotivationinphysicaleducationisbothaninnatementaldispositionandanacquired/learnedattribute.ParticularlyIrelyontheconceptuallearningtheoryandmotivationregulationmechanismsoftheself-determinationtheorytoarguethatinphysicaleducation,childrenshouldexperiencetasksthatinspirethemtoembodycompetenceandinterestalongwithself-regulationstrategiesnecessaryfordevelopingandsustainingthemotivationtomove.

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简介：Thecontinuousinvestmentintomanpowerresource,istheradicalpowertoassurethesustainabledevelopmentofenterprises.Theenterprisesbothathomeandabroadattachhighimportancetothecontinuouseducationoftheiremployeesandconsolidatetrainingtoinspiretheiremployees.Inordertofaceincreasinglydrasticglobalcompetition,thetelecomenterprisesinourcountryshouldconsolidatecontinuouseducation,maketrainingplanstoadapttothelong-termdevelopmentoftheenterprisesandestablishtheeffectivemechanismofencouragementofcontinuouseducation.

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