简介：ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＭＥＴＡＳＴＡＳＩＳＡＳＳＯＣＩＡＴＥＤＧＥＮＥＳＣＲＥＥＮＥＤＢＹＭＯＮＯＣＬＯＮＡＬＡＮＴＩＢＯＤＹＨＩＬＱｉＴｅｎｇｐｉｎｇ齐藤平；Ｚｈａｎｇｐｅｉｊｉ张沛基；ＷｅｉＳｈｕｇｕａｎｇ魏曙光；ＣｈｅｎＤｏｎｇ陈东；ＬｉＲｅｎ李仁；Ｗ...

简介：AbstractWith the number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases soaring worldwide and limited vaccine availability for the general population in most countries, the monoclonal antibody (mAb) remains a viable therapeutic option to treat COVID-19 disease and its complications, especially in the elderly individuals. More than 50 monoclonal antibody-related clinical trials are being conducted in different countries around the world, with few of them nearing the completion of the third and fourth phase clinical trial. In view of recent emergency use authorization (EUA) from the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) of casirivimab and imdevimab, it is of importance that mAbs, already used to treat diseases such as Ebola and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, are discussed in scientific communities. This brief review discusses the mechanism of action and updates to clinical trials of different monoclonal antibodies used to treat COVID-19, with special attention paid to SARS-CoV-2 immune response in host cells, target viral structures, and justification of developing mAbs following the approval and administration of potential effective vaccine among vulnerable populations in different countries.

简介：AhybridomacelllineSZ-39secretingmonoclonalantibodyagainstthehumangliomacellhasbeenestablishedbyafusionbetweenNS-1myelomacellsandspleencellsfrommiceimmunizedwithhumangliomacelllines.Monoclonalantibody(McAb)SZ-39wasanalyzedbyELISA,quantitativeabsorption,indirectimmunofluorescenceandABCimmunohistology.McAbSZ-39stronglyboundto9/10gliomacelllines,17/20gliomatissues,weaklyboundtoonelivercancercelllineand1/2lungcancerline,buttheydidnotbandwithothertestedhumancancerlinse.NcAbSZ-39havenocross-reactionwithlymphocyte,ABCredbloodcells,whitebloodcells,bloodplatelet,normalbonemarrowcells,fibroblastcellsand12normalhumantissues.TheresultindicatedtheantigenrecognizedbyMcAbSZ-39maybeaglioma-associatedantigen

简介：AspecificcytotoxicagentagainstgastriccancerwasconstructedbycovalentlycouplingthericinAchaintomonoclonalartibody,MGb2.MGb2wasmodifiedbySPDPtointroducethe3-(2-pyridylthio)propionylradicalandthentreatedwithareducedAchaintogiveadisulfidelinkedconjugatethatretainedtheoriginalbindingspecificityoftheantibodymoiety.TheconjugateobtainedretainedtheactivityoftheantibodyandthebiologicalactivityoftheAchainwell.

简介：Topreparemonoclonalantibodyspecifictoepidermalgrowthfactorreceptor(EGFR)intracellulardomain,itsgenewasamplifiedfromtotalRNAofA431cellbyRT-PCR.ThenthegenewasclonedintoprokaryoticvectorpET30a(+).TherecombinantplasmidwastransformedintoE.ColiBL21(DE3)strainforproteinexpression.RecombinantproteinwasinducedwithIPTGandpurifiedusingNi2+-NTAagarose.Thentheanti-EGFRmonoclonalantibody(nAb)waspreparedwithclassicalhybridomatechnique.Positivecloneswereselectedusingindirectenzyme-linkedinmunoabsorbentassay(ELISA).Totally4hybridomacloneswereobtainedandthesemAbswereIgG1(3clones)andIgG2a(1clone),respectively.Theirlightchainswereallkappachains.WesternblottinganalysisandconfocalimmunofluorescenceassaysdemonstratedthatmAbscouldspecificallyrecognizeEGFRexpressingonA431carcinomacellline.ThemAbswillbeusefulinthestudyofEGFR-mediatedsignaltransduction.

简介：Hybridoma房间在抗体生产率追随者暴露显示增加到张力亢进的条件。然而，内在的机制很好没被理解。在现在的学习，我们假设激活的T房间的原子因素5(NFAT5)/tonicityenhancer绑定蛋白质(TonEBP)工作增加hybridomacells的抗体生产率。NFAT5是osmosensitive哺乳动物的抄写因素。然而，它在没在张力亢进的周围被洗的各种各样的器官的无所不在的表示建议NFAT5可以也在等渗的条件下面调整细胞生长和功能。在这研究，我们由西方的污点分析在hybridoma房间检验了表示ofNFAT5，并且发现它在张力亢进的媒介显著地增加了。为了推进，在hybridoma房间定义NFAT5的功能，RNA干扰技术习惯于down在SGB-8房间(一根hybridoma房间线)调整NFAT5的表示。在等渗的媒介，hybridoma房间的抗体生产率被NFAT5while的down规定减少细胞增殖没被影响。这里介绍的结果表明那NFAT5不仅在hybridoma房间在渗透的压力反应小径起一个重要作用而且为最佳的抗体生产率是必要的。

简介：CD3-specificmonoclonalantibodywasthefirstoneusedforclinicalpracticeinfieldoftransplantation.Recently,renewedinterestshaveelicitedinitscapacitytopreventautoimmunediabetesbyinducingimmunetolerance.Inthisstudy,wetestedwhetherthisantibodycanalsobeusedtotreatanotherkindofautoimmunediseasemyastheniagravis(MG)andexploredthepossiblemechanisms.MGiscausedbyanautoimmunedamagemediatedbyantibody-andcomplement-mediateddestructionofAChRattheneuromuscularjunction.WefoundthatadministrationofCD3-specificantibody(Fab)2toananimalmodelwithexperimentalautoimmunemyastheniagravis(EAMG)(B6micereceived3timesofAChR/CFAimmunization)couldnotsignificantlyimprovetheclinicalsignsandclinicalscore.Whenthepossiblemechanismsweretested,wefoundthatCD3antibodytreatmentslightlydown-regulatedtheT-cellresponsetoAChR,modestlyup-regulationthemusclestrength.AndnosignificantdifferenceinthetitersofIgG2bwasfoundbetweenCD3antibodytreatedandcontrolgroups.ThesedataindicatedthatCD3-specificantibodywasnotsuitablefortreatingMG,anantibody-andcomplementmediatedautoimmunedisease,afterthisdiseasehasbeenestablished.TheroleofCD3-specificantibodyintreatingthiskindofdiseaseremainstobedetermined.

简介：Theimprovedtumoricidaleffectoftheradioantibodymixture(“cocktail”)hasbeenreportedrecentlyforthetreatmentofcolontumor.Inthepresentstudy,wedemonstratedtheenhancedradioimmunotherapeuticefficacyofamonoclonalantibody(MAb)cocktailagainsthumanhepatocellularcarcinoma.Therapeuticefficacywasdeterminedbymeasuringthechangeintumorsizeoveraperiod,determiningthepercentageofgrowthinhibitionofeachtreatmentatvarioustimesafterradioantibodytherapy.RadioimmunotherapyofSMMC-7721humanhepatomaxenograftsinathymicundemicewithcombinationof^131IlabeledHepama-1and^131I-labeled9403mouseMAbswasmoreeffectivethanusingeitherHepeam-1or9403MAbaloneTheMAbcocktailcouldtargetagreaternumberofhepatomacellsandincreasethemagnitudeofhepatomacelluptakeofradioantibodies.TheinvitroresultsexplaintheenhancedeffectoftheMAbcocktailininvivomodelsystem.

简介：Acompetitiveenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)wasdevelopedtodetermineruscogenin(RUS)byusingthemonoclonalantibody(McAb).ThemonoclonalantibodyagainstRUS,secretedfromtheestablishedhybridomacelllines,wasidentifiedasbeingoftheIgG1isotype.TheMcAbexhibitedhighspecificitytoRUS,showingaveryslightcrossreactivitywithdiosgenin(15.7%),andnocross-reactivitytosarsasapogenin,diammoniumglycyrrhizinate,oleanolicacidandnotoginsenosideR1.TheestablishedELISA,atanIC50valueof157.55ng.mL-1andadetectionlimit(IC20)of20.57ng.mL-1,wascomparedwithHPLCanalyses,andagoodcorrelationbetweenELISAandHPLC-ELSDanalysesofRUSintheextractofRadixOphiopogoniswasobtained.TheexperimentaldataindicatedthattheELISAmethodexhibitsmoreadvantagesoverHPLC-ELSD,suchaslowdetectionlimit,highspecificity,lowbackground,andnorequirementforsamplepre-treatment,andismoresuitableforthedeterminationofnaturalcomponentsinChinesetraditionalmedicinesandinbiologicalsamplesforpharmacokineticstudies.

简介：AbstractBackground:The new emerging avian influenza A H7N9 virus, causing severe human infection with a mortality rate of around 41%. This study aims to provide a novel treatment option for the prevention and control of H7N9.Methods:H7 hemagglutinin (HA)-specific B cells were isolated from peripheral blood plasma cells of the patients previously infected by H7N9 in Jiangsu Province, China. The human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated by amplification and cloning of these HA-specific B cells. First, all human mAbs were screened for binding activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, those mAbs, exhibiting potent affinity to recognize H7 HAs were further evaluated by hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) and microneutralization in vitro assays. Finally, the lead mAb candidate was selected and tested against the lethal challenge of the H7N9 virus using murine models.Results:The mAb 6-137 was able to recognize a panel of H7 HAs with high affinity but not HA of other subtypes, including H1N1 and H3N2. The mAb 6-137 can efficiently inhibit the HA activity in the inactivated H7N9 virus and neutralize 100 tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50) of H7N9 virus (influenza A/Nanjing/1/2013) in vitro, with neutralizing activity as low as 78 ng/mL. In addition, the mAb 6-137 protected the mice against the lethal challenge of H7N9 prophylactically and therapeutically.Conclusion:The mAb 6-137 could be an effective antibody as a prophylactic or therapeutic biological treatment for the H7N9 exposure or infection.

简介：AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious, transboundary viral disease of domestic and wild pigs, and is currently the most serious threat to world swine production, resulting in significant economic loss. In the absence of vaccines and treatments, the control of the disease entirely depends on accurate and early diagnosis accompanied by the culling of infected pigs. Thus, a highly specific and sensitive diagnostic assay is required during an outbreak and surveillance of the disease. In this study, a highly sensitive, specific, rapid and repeatable P22-monoclonal antibody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) assay was developed for the detection of antibodies against genotype I and II African swine fever viruses(ASFVs). A total of 806 pig serum samples were tested to evaluate the performance of the diagnostic assay. To determine the PI (percent Inhibition) cut-off value, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied. According to the ROC analysis of the data, 98.10% specificity and 100% sensitivity were recorded when the threshold cut-off value of PI was established at 47%. In addition, the assay was able to detect ASFV antibodies as early as 9 days post-infection when serum samples from experimentally infected pigs were used. Taking all together, the results of the present study indicated that the P22-mAb based bELISA assay can be used for rapid and accurate detection of antibodies against ASFV, which could play a valuable role in the containment and prevention of ASFV as an alternative to other serological diagnostic methods. Also, this study will assist researchers to further investigate the immunogenic importance of P22 protein in ASFV infection.

简介：TNF相关的导致apoptosisligand(小道)是能够导致apoptosis的一个TNF家庭成员。(医生5)死亡受体5是小道的关键受体并且在导致小道的apoptosis起一个重要作用。对DR5准备monoclonal抗体(mAbs)，编码可溶的DR5(sDR5)的cDNA是第一与特定的教材由反向的transcriptase聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)放大了，然后插入了到原核生物的表示向量pET-30a。recombinantplasmid在Escherichiacoli紧张BL21(DE3)被表示，并且sDR5被镍亲密关系层析净化。作为抗原，sDR5被用来使老鼠免疫。对sDR5的Hybridomassecreting抗体被识别。一积极克隆被选择生产抗体，WD1。ELISA和immunofluorescence证明WD1能在Jurkat和Molt-4房间上绑recombinantsDR5和membraneboundDR5(mDR5)。ATPLite试金证明Jurkat和Molt-4房间对以一种剂量依赖者方式的抗体敏感。AnnexinV/PI试金和Giemsa正在染色显示出的两个那WD1能高效地导致Jurkat房间apoptosis。293T房间和间接immunofluorescence试金的短暂transfection表明了那mAb(WD1)不能有DR4的跨react。我们的调查结果显示新奇抗体，WD1能充当直接收缩筋，表示特性地绑DR5，并且开始有效apoptotic发信号和肿瘤回归。因此，WD1将是潜在的癌症治疗学的一个领先的候选人。

简介：HMBOX1是可能在胰的功能和NK房间的cytotoxicity包含的一个新奇抄写因素。为功能决心，recombinant人HMBOX1蛋白质被获得并且净化，并且对HMBOX1的monoclonal抗体被准备。编码HMBOX1的全身的cDNA碎片从NK-92房间被放大并且插入了到原核生物的表示向量pET22b。pET22b-HMBOX1-6his向量然后被转变成E。coli罗塞达碑(DE3)并且在37oC为4h由1公里IPTG导致了。熔化HMBOX1蛋白质主要在包括身体被表示，它被净化并且refolded使用Ni2+亲密关系层析。与是的净化的熔化HMBOX1蛋白质抗原，对HMBOX1的monoclonal抗体被产生，在HMBOX1为进一步的学习提供一个潜在地有用的工具工作。用这些anti-HMBOX1mAbs，我们鉴别HMBOX1位于细胞质和原子核并且能在10人的正常纸巾被检测，包括大脑，胰，肾和肝纸巾。而且，在肝的癌的表示在邻近的纸巾是比那显著地低的。

简介：淋巴细胞功能联系了antigen-1(CD11a/CD18，LFA-1)在免疫学的触处的结构起一个重要作用并且为细胞毒素的T淋巴细胞(CTL)和生来的杀手(NK)的有效细胞溶解被要求房间。为了在NK房间上学习LFA-1的激活模式，出现，光镊子在工作被使用。作为一种新兴的技术，光镊子广泛地被用来操作显微镜的目标并且在生物研究的领域里测量分子的相互作用的力量。在我们的学习，一个新平台被构造用光镊子在房间表面上学习受体的单个分子的行为。基于站台，在一个NK房间之间的相互作用和与anti-LFA-1抗体涂的聚苯乙烯microsphere被观察。结果证实在一个NK房间和聚苯乙烯祷告之间的粘附力量是时间依赖者。根据我们的调查结果，我们建议那anti-LFA-1抗体可以引起在NK房间表面上聚类LFA-1。

简介：

简介：Syndecan-1(CD138)，不可分的膜肝磷脂硫酸盐proteoglycans的一个成员，是为维持正常词法显型的必要矩阵受体。在这研究，我们产生了一只特定的老鼠反人的syndecan-1monoclonal抗体(mAb)4B3并且与可得到的syndecan-1mAb(BB4)由比赛试金识别了它。由4B3染色了，syndecan-1的表示在肿瘤房间线上被检测例如8226，U266，XG-1，XG-2，Daudi和Jurkat。表示也在神经原干细胞上被发现。4B3mAb能禁止XG-1和XG-2增长，这被建立。数据不仅决定4B3mAb是功能的反人的syndecan-1mAb，而且显示syndecan-1可能是珍贵表面抗原并且在肿瘤病理的规定和神经干细胞的区别起一个重要作用。这新奇抗体4B3可以是肿瘤增长/幸存机制的学习的价值并且贡献多样的疾病的诊断和治疗。

简介：Objective:Thisstudyaimstoinvestigatetheclinicopathologicsignificanceoflymphaticvesselinvasion(LVI)labeledbyD2-40monoclonalantibodyinesophagealsquamouscellcarcinoma(ESCC).Methods:ImmunohistochemicalassaywasusedtodetecttheexpressionofD2-40andLVIin107ESCCpatients.Then,thecorrelationbetweentheclinicopathologicfeatureandtheoverallsurvivaltimeofthepatientswasanalyzed.Results:Thelymphnodemetastasisrateswere70%and21%intheLVI-positiveandLVI-negativegroups,respectively.ThenodalmetastasisratewashigherintheLVI-positivegroupthanintheLVI-negativegroup.MultivariateregressionanalysisshowedthatLVIwasrelatedtonodalmetastasis(P<0.001).Themediansurvivaltimeofthepatientswas26and43monthsintheLVI-positiveandLVI-negativegroups,respectively.Althoughunivariateregressionanalysisshowedsignificantdifferencebetweenthetwogroups(P=0.014),multivariateregressionanalysisrevealedthatLVIwasnotanindependentprognosticfactorforoverallsurvivalintheESCCpatients(P=0.062).Lymphaticnodemetastasis(P=0.031),clinicalstage(P=0.019),andresidualtumor(P=0.026)weretheindependentprognosticfactors.Conclusion:LVIlabeledbyD2-40monoclonalantibodyisariskfactorpredictiveoflymphnodemetastasisinESCCpatients.

简介：CD134,amemberofthetumornecrosisfactorreceptorsuperfamily,playsacrucialroleinTcellsurvival.Inthisstudy,peripheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMCs)stimulatedwithphytohemagglutinin(PHA,50μg/ml)weretreatedbyCD134mAb(1μg/ml,5μg/ml,10μg/ml)for6h,12h,24hand48h.ThelevelofperforinmRNAwasmeasuredbyreversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)technique.OurdatashowedthattheexpressionofperforinmRNAinPBMCswasdown-regulatedbyCD134mAbinadose-dependentmannerinrangeof1μg/mlto5μg/mlanddroppeddowntoitsminimumon24h(p＜0.05).ThelevelofperforinmRNAreachedaplateauwhentheconcentrationofCD134mAbexceeded5μg/ml.Inconclusion,CD134mAbcaninhibitperforinexpression,whichmayenhancetheabilityofTcellsforsurvival.

简介：CD137,acostimulatoryfactorofTNFRfamily,isexpressedonactivatedTcellsandfreshlyisolatedmousedendriticcells(DCs).Todate,thereareonlylimiteddatadealingwiththeexpressionandtheeffectofCD137onhumanDCs.WereportinthisworkthatCD137cancoexpresswithCD137Lonimmatureperipheralblood-derivedhumanDCs(9.77%).ThematureDCsstimulatedbyLPSshowedamuchhigherlevelofCD137expression(36.06%).LigationofCD137onthesurfaceofDCswithanti-CD137monoclonalantibody(mAb)couldenhancethedirectanti-tumoreffectmediatedbyhumanDCsinvitro.Theagonisticanti-CD137mAbwasabletoelevatebyabout20%oftheDC-mediatedinhibitionoftumorgrowthinfivetumorcelllines.Theseresultsindicatethattheapplianceofanti-CD137mAbmightbeusedasanewstrategyfortumorimmunotherapy.Cellular&MolecularImmunology.2004;1(1):71-76.

简介：IntroductionThereisnowanewwaytotreathypercholesterolemia,usingamonoclonalantibody(Evolocumab)thatbindstoandinhibitsPCSKA9.MostphysiciansknowthetermPCSK9buthavenoideawhatPCSK9standsfor(includingme).MypurposeforwritingthiseditorialistoeducatemyselfonwhatPCSK9isandwhatitdoes.MyhopeisthatIcanperhapseducatethosereadingthisdocumentaswell.