简介：Asimplesolutionforamultilayermetallicopticalwaveguidebytransformingitintoanequivalentthree-layerslabwaveguideispresented.Thedispersionrelationoftheequivalentthree-layerslabwaveguideissolvedbyusingasimpleiterativeformula.Thismethoditselfisexactandcanapproachanyaccuracydesired.Moreover,thenumericalresultsforfour-layerandfive-layerstructuresshowthatthesecond-ordersolutionisalsoaccurateenough.ItissimpleandhasthesameformofexpressionsforTEandTMmodesandfordifferentlayerstructures.

简介：Amethodhasbeendevisedtoanalyzemultilayerelectricallythickcircularmi-crostripantennaexcitedbyaprobe.Thecurrentontheprobeistakentobeuniform.Thismethodwasverifiedbyanalysisandexperimentofanelectricallythickcircularmicrostripan-tennawithanairgap.BasedonthefreespaceelectricdyadicGreen’sfunction,thefieldexpressionofanhorizontalelectricdipole(HED),whichislocatedatanypointofthemultilayermediaandpointsinanydirection,hasbeenderived.ByusingthisfieldexpressionandtheRichmondre-actionequation,anintegralequationintermsofelectriccurrentonthepatchisformulated.Byproperlychoosingcurrentexpansionmodes,thismethodcanbeusedforanelectricallythickmi-crostripantenna.Thetheoreticalresultsagreeverywellwithexperimentaldataforanelectricallythickcircularmicrostripantennawithanairgap.

简介：Micromechanicalfiniteelementmethodsaredevelopedbasedonanonlinearconstitutivemodelofferroelectricpolycrystals.Electromechanicalbehaviorsaheadofaninternalelectrodetiparenumericallysimulatedinmultilayerferroelectricactuators.Aroundtheelectrodeedge,thenonuniformelectricfieldgeneratesaconcentrationofstressduetotheincompatiblestrainaswellasspontaneousstrain.Thepreferreddomainswitchingenhancestheconcentrationofresidualstressandmaycausetheactuatorstocrack.Anelectricallypermeablecrackemanatingfromaninternalelectrodeisanalyzed.Alargescaledomainswitchingzoneisfoundinthevicinityofcracktips.Thelargertheactuatingstrainandelectricfieldare,thelargertheswitchingzonewillbe.Thesizeofswitchingzoneevenreachesthescaleofcracklengthwithincreasingelectromechanicalloading.

简介：3，5，20层从奥氏体的不锈钢，纯铝和铝合金表的穿着的板以不同方法被制作。段和接口性质被测量。结果显示出穿着的板是的那20层比其它好。结合得好的穿着的板成功地在下列过程被获得：从18张层Al1060/Al3003表的基本的穿着的表第一在450点与44%的起始的滚动减小被获得???????????????″??吗？？

简介：

简介：Thephotosensitivemultilayerfilmsfromsulfonatedmetal-free,sulfonatedcopper-,andsulfonatednickel-phthalocyanineswerefabricatedwithdiazoresinlayerbylayeronasubstrateviaelectrostaticinteractionbytheself-assemblytechnique.UnderUVirradiation,thelinkagenaturebetweenthelayersofthefilmisconvertedfromtheelectrostaticbondingtocovalentbonding.Thecovalentlyattachedmultilayerfilmsareverystabletowardspolarsolventsandsaltaqueoussolutions.Thephotovoltaicpropertiesofthecovalentlyattachedfilmcanbedeterminedbymeansofatraditionalthree-electrodephotoelectrochemicalcellinaqueoussolutionswithKCIasthesupportingelectrolyte.Thephotocurrentdeterminationhasshownthatthesulfonatedcopper-containingphthalocyaninefilmspossessahigherphotocurrentvaluethansulfonatedmetalfreeandsulfonatednickel-containingphthaloeyaninefilms.

简介：Thephotoacousticmodelofmultilayerwithastrong-absorbingsurfacelayerisdeveloped.Thephaseofph0toacoustiesignalismeasuredasafunctionofmodulatedfrequencyusingapparatustotallycontrolledbyacomputersystem.Thethermaldiffusivity,effusivityaswellasthicknessofseveralburiedlayersareobtainedindependentlythroughthebestfitofexperimentaldataaccordingtothetheoreticalmodel.Themultilayersofthinmetalandalloyfilmareinvestigated.Thismethodisprovedtobevaluableparticularlyinnondestructiveexaminationofsubsurfacephysicalproperties.

简介：多层的铱涂层在钨上被生产由双发光的碳化物底层血浆过程。作为比较，单层也被生产。微观结构和形态学用扫描电子显微镜学被观察。谷物取向和阶段用X光检查衍射被决定。涂层的剩余压力被学习旁边看一眼的发生X光检查衍射。涂层的粘合剂力量被一个擦伤测试者测量。结果显示出那单层并且多层有一个多晶的阶段与一强壮(110)思考。涂层没有分层的证据有优秀粘附。单层的粘合剂力量并且多层分别地是大约50和43N。在底层和层之间的界面的反应发生了，一个新WIr阶段由于高温度的免职过程被发现。在单层的剩余压力并且多层分别地是-1.6和-1.1GPa。

简介：Asamemberof1Dnanostructuredmaterials,theferromagneticandnonmagneticmultilayernanowiresexhibittremendouspotentialapplicationsinmanyfieldsduetotheiruniquemagneticandelectricalproperties.Thebasicpropertyofmultilayernanowirearrays,suchascoercivity,iscrucialimportantforthefutureapplication.Inordertoobtainthecoercivityinformation,besidesdirectlymeasuringitthroughexperiment,theoreticalcalculationalsoprovidesausefulandfastwaytoevaluatethemultilayer’scoervicity.Fig.1(a)and(b)demonstrateasinglemultilayernanowireandnanowirearraysembodiedinamatrix,respectively.Inthiswork,byimprovingPant’smodel,wedevelopedthenewmodelandsuccessfullypredictedtherelationshipbetweenthecoercivitychangingofCu/Nimultilayernanowirearraysandstructualparameters.Fig.

简介：

简介：Lightpropagationinnanoparticle-loadedencapsulantsissimulatedbasedonthemethodofMonteCarlo,referringtothemultilayergraded-refractive-indexstructureforLEDencapsulants.Andtheinfluenceofscatteringcoefficientonthetransmittanceisanalyzed.Theresultsshowthatthetransmittancedecreaseswithscatteringcoefficient.Foragivennumberoflayers,theencapsulantswillyieldmaximumtransmittanceiftherefractiveindexvalueofeachlayerisoptimized.Thenanoparticle-loadedencapsulantconsistsofmultiplelayerswithrefractive-indexvaluesthatgraduallydecrease.Thetransmittancewillbehigherthanthatoftraditionalnon-gradedencapsulants,andwillimprovelightextractionefficiencyofLED.

简介：多层的Nb2O5部nanoporous电影被控制阳极化过程成功地在包含4的乙烯乙二醇在Nb表面上综合?vol%HF并且2?vol%H2O2电解质。nanoporous电影被地排放扫描详细描绘电子显微镜学(FESEM)，传播电子显微镜学(TEM)，和X光检查衍射(XRD)。Nb2O5部nanoporous电影与~的方面墙厚度有多层的形态学5?nm，有~的一条直径的不规则的毛孔25?nm，并且一段多达7.39?m，取决于阳极化时间。为多层的Nb的机制<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>2O<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>5nanoporous形成也被讨论。这些nanoporous材料能在太阳能电池，煤气的传感器，催化剂，光过滤器，和电容器的地里是很有用的。

简介：

简介：WehavedepositedW/Simultilayermirrorsusingthemagnetronsputteringunderthelowsputteringpressureandthehighmagneticfieldstrength,andmeasuredtheirreflectivtityinBeijingsynchrotronradiationfaciltiy,W/Simultilayershowthepeakreflectivityofapproximately10%ataphotonenergyof1200eVand10.5%ataphotoenergyof700eVrespectivelyattheincidenceangleof81°。

简介：Automobilecompaniesthatspendbillionsofdollarsannuallytowardswarrantycost,givehighprioritytowarrantyreductionprograms.Forecastingofautomobilewarrantyperformanceplaysanimportantroletowardstheseefforts.Theforecastingprocessinvolvespredictionofnotonlythespecificmonths-in-service(MIS)warrantyperformanceatcertainfuturetime,butalsoatfutureMISvalues.However,'maturingdata'(alsocalledwarrantygrowth)phenomenathatcauseswarrantyperformanceatspecificMISvaluestochangewithtime,makessuchaforecastingtaskchallenging.Althoughwarrantyforecastingmethodssuchaslog-logplotsanddynamiclinearmodelsappearinthispaperweuseanartificialneuralnetworkfortheforecastingofwarrantyperformanceinpresencetestingerrorsusingresponsesurfacemethodology.Thisapplicationshowstheeffectivenessofneuralphenomena.

简介：Inrecentyears,themagneticmultilayerednanomaterialshavebeenextensivelystudiedforelectronics[1],ultrahightensilestrength[2],highstoragemedia[3],andmicrowavedevices[4]sincethegiantmagnetoresistance(GMR)effectwasfoundin1988.Asamemberof1Dnanostructuredmaterials,theferromagneticandnonmagneticmultilayernanowiresalsoexhibittremendouspotentialapplicationsinmanyfieldsduetotheiruniquemagneticandelectricalproperties.Inthiswork,theCu/NimultilayernanowirearraysarepreparediniontracktemplatewithelectrodepositionmethodandanewfacilemethodisfirstintroducedtoeasilyconfirmthedifferentlayerthicknessandcomponentbyremovingthenonmagneticlayerofCu.

简介：Amultilayerflowisastratifiedfluidcomposedofafinitenumberoflayerswithdensitieshomogeneouswithinonelayerbutdifferentfromeachother.Itisanintermediatesystembetweenthesingle-layerbarotropicmodelandthecontinuouslystratifiedbaroclinicmodel.Sincethissystemcansimulatethebarocliniceffectsimply,itiswidelyusedtostudythelarge-scaledynamicprocessinatmosphereandocean.Thepresentpaperisconcernedwiththelinearstabilityofthemultilayerquasi-geostrophicflow,andtheassociatedlinearstabilitycriteriaareestablished.Firstly,thenonlinearmodelisturnedintotheformofaHamiltoniansystem,andabasicflowisdefined.ButitcannotbeanextremepointoftheHamiltonianfunctionsincethesystemisaninfinite-dimensionalone.Therefore,itisnecessarytoreconstructanewHamiltonianfunctionsothatthebasicflowbecomesanextremepointofit.Secondly,thelinearizedequationsofdisturbancesinthemultilayerquasi-geostrophicflowarederivedbyintroducinginfinitesimaldisturbancessuperposedonthebasicflows.Finally,thepropertiesofthelinearizedsystemarediscussed,andthelinearstabilitycriteriainthesenseofLiapunovarederivedundertwodifferentconditionswithrespecttocertainnorms.

简介：Multilayerblackphosphorus（BP）nanoplateletsofdifferentthicknesseswerepreparedbytheliquidphaseexfoliationmethodanddepositedontoyttriumaluminumgarnetsubstratestoformsaturableabsorbers（SAs）.Thesewerecharacterizedwithrespecttotheirthickness-dependentsaturableabsorptionpropertiesat3μm.TheBP-SAswereemployedinapassivelyQ-switchedEr:Lu2O3laserat2.84μm.ByusingBPexfoliatedindifferentsolvents,stablepulsesasshortas359nsweregeneratedatanaverageoutputpowerofupto755mW.Therepetitionrateintheexperimentwas107kHz,correspondingtoapulseenergyof7.1μJ.TheseresultsprovethatBP-SAshaveagreatpotentialforopticalmodulationinthemid-infraredrange.

简介：劈啪作响的免职涂层在电子横梁(EB)上提供重要优点免职，包括的高收拾行李的密度，环境稳定性和极其低的损失。但是固有的高压缩的压力尽最大努力影响它的申请激光系统。这篇论文描述一篇小说扔的高损坏阀值激光镜子的技术可行性遥远的血浆劈啪作响技术。这种技术基于从目标遥远地产生集中的血浆然后有磁力地驾驶血浆到目标认识到劈啪作响的完整的制服。在目标电压和目标电流之间的伪独立提供我们很灵活的参数调节，特别为电影压力控制。免职条件被优化充分让步氧化并且低压缩压力单身者层HfO2和SiO2。为在1064nm的HfO2/SiO2激光镜子的43.8J/cm2的高损坏阀值被获得。第一次，劈啪作响的遥远的血浆成功地在与高效扔激光镜子被使用。

简介：OnaccountoftheexcellentmechanicalpropertiesofCrNfilmsuchasgoodwearandcorrosionresistance,andoxidizationatamuchhighertemperature,CrNfilmhasbeendemonstratedasoneofthebestcoatingsforenlargingthebearingatpresent.However,steelworkinglifespanatpresentt.However,withthemoreincreasinglyaggressiveoftheworkingenvironmentofmechanicalcomponents,especiallyforbearingsteel,newcoatingtechnologieswithamorebetterpropertiesofthetreatedpartssuchaswearandcorrosionresistancearerequired.