简介：Atpresent,thereisnoeffectivetreatmentfortherepairoftheopticnerveafterinjury,orimprovementofitsmicroenvironmentforregeneration.Intravitreallyinjectedciliaryneurotrophicfactor(CNTF)andolfactoryensheathingcells(OECs)promotethelong-distanceregrowthofseveredopticnervefibersafterintracranialinjury.Here,weexaminedtheefficacyofthesetechniquesaloneandincombination,inaratmodelofopticnerveinjury.WeinjectedcondensedOECsuspensionatthesiteofinjury,orCNTFintothevitreousbody,orbothsimultaneously.Retrogradetracingtechniquesshowedthat4weekspostoperatively,thenumberofsurvivingretinalganglioncellsandtheiraxonaldensityintheopticnerveweregreaterinratssubjectedtoOECinjectiononlythaninthosereceivingCNTFinjectiononly.Furthermore,combinedOEC+CNTFinjectionachievedbetterresultsthaneithermonotherapy.ThesefindingsconfirmthatOECsarebetterthanCNTFatprotectinginjuredneuronsintheeye,butthatcombinedOECandCNTFtherapyisnotablymoreeffectivethaneithertreatmentalone.

简介：BacgroundPercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)hasbecomeoneofthemosteffectivetreatmentsincoronaryheartdisease(CHD).However,thebottleneckproblemofPCIisthein-stentrestenosis(ISR).TheaimofthisstudywastoexploretheeffectsofastragalosideIV(ASTIV)onsuppressionofintimalhyperplasiamodulationoftheexpressionofbasicfibroblastgrowthfactor(b-FGF)inaratcarotidarteryballooninjurymodel.MethodsFiftyhealthymaleSprague-Dawley(SD)ratswererandomlydividedintofivegroups:asham-operationgroup(sham),amodelgroup(model),andthreeastragalosideIV-treatedgroups.Threedaysbeforethesurgery,1%carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)orASTIV(20,40or60mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))wasintragastricallyadministeredintoshamor3astragaloside-treatedgroupsonceadayfor17days.Hematoxylin-elsinstainingwascarriedouttodeterminethepathomorphologicalchangesandtheneointimalandmediaarearatio.Immunohistochemistrystainingwasperformedtomeasuretheexpressionsofproliferatingcellnuclearantigen(PCNA)andbasicfibrolastgrowthfactor(b-FGF).PCNAandb-FGFwereanalyzedwithIamage-ProPlus.Results(1)Thecarotidarteryintimalhyperplasiaintheratsofmodelwassimilartolumenstenosis.Comparedwiththeshamoperationgroup,theareaofthenewintimaandtheratiooftheintimatomedia(I/M)wereincreasedandthelumenareawasdecreased(P<0.01)inthemodelgroup.AstragalosideIVincreasedthelumenintimaldimensionanddecreasedtheareaofnewintimaandtheratioofintimatomediainadose-dependentmanner.(2)Comparedwiththesham-operationgroup,theexpressionsofPCNAandb-FGFincarotidarteryofmodelgroupweresignificantlyincreased(P<0.01).ASTIVdecreasedexpressionsofPCNAandb-FGFinthecarotidarteryofratsinadosedependentmanner.ConclusionAstragalosideIVsignificantlyinhibitsneointimalhyperplasiaofratcarotidarterythroughdown-regulatingtheexpressionsofPCNAandb-FGF.

简介：AIMTo评估网膜的神经纤维层(RNFL)在没有眼的神经dysfunction.METHODSA的临床的符号的甲状腺ophthalmopathy的病人的厚度侧面未来，盒子控制，在一个第三级的照顾中心进行的观察学习。包括标准与中的任何一个联合与眼皮收回由病人组成了：生物化学的甲状腺机能障碍，exophthalmos，或眼睛外面的肌肉参与；或与exophthalmos或眼睛外面的肌肉参与联合的甲状腺机能障碍；或一个临床的活动分数(CAS)>3/7。RNFL厚度的二大小为每只眼睛被做，到样品的触毛HD光的连贯断层摄影术6moapart.RESULTSMean年龄与18男性和22女性一起是38.75y(范围13-70y)。平均RNFL厚度起初访问92.06？？

简介：Basedonthegivenreactionconditionandmedium,thegrowthofmicro-andnanocrystalscanbedividedintofourtypes,growthinsolutionatnormalpressure,hydrothermalgrowth,solvothermalgrowth,andmolten-saltgrowth.Whenthewaterororganicsolventasthereactionmedium,surfactant,suchassodiumdodecylbenzenesulfonate,canbeaddedtoregulatethe

简介：LetP(z)beapolynomialofdegreenwhichdoesnotvanishin|z|

简介：Thecalciumchannelblocker,verapamil,hasbeenshowntoreducescarformationbyinhibitingfibroblastadhesionandproliferationinvitro.Itwasnotclearwhethertopicalapplicationofverapamilaftersurgicalrepairofthenerveinvivocouldinhibittheformationofexcessivescartissue.Inthisstudy,therightsciaticnerveofadultSprague-DawleyratswastransectedandsuturedwithNo.10-0suture.Thestomawaswrappedwithgelfoamsoakedwithverapamilsolutionfor4weeks.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup(stomawrappedwithgelfoamsoakedwithphysiologicalsaline),theverapamilapplicationinhibitedthesecretionofextracellularmatrixfromfibroblastsinvivo,suppressedtypeIandIIIcollagensecretionandincreasedthetotalnumberofaxonsandthenumberofmyelinatedaxons.Thesefindingssuggestthatverapamilcouldreducetheformationofscartissueandpromoteaxongrowthafterperipheralnerverepair.

简介：Wepreviouslyperformedtranscriptomesequencingandfoundthatgenesformatrixmetalloproteinases(MMPs),suchasMMP7and12,seemtobehighlyupregulatedfollowingperipheralnerveinjury,andmaybeinvolvedinnerverepair.Inthepresentstudy,wesystematicallydeterminedtheexpressionlevelsofMMPsandtheirregulatorsat1,4,7and14daysaftersciaticnervecrushinjury.Thenumberofdifferentiallyexpressedgeneswaselevatedat4and7daysafterinjury,butdecreasedat14daysafterinjury.Amongthedifferentiallyexpressedgenes,thosemostup-regulatedshowedfoldchangesofmorethan214,whilethosemostdown-regulatedexhibitedfoldchangesofmorethan2-10.Genesequencingshowedthat,atalltimepointsafterinjury,avarietyofMMPgenesinthe'InhibitionofMMPs'pathwaywereup-regulated,andtheirinhibitorgenesweredown-regulated.Expressionofkeyup-anddown-regulatedgeneswasverifiedbyquantitativereal-timepolymerasechainreactionanalysisandfoundtobeconsistentwithtranscriptomesequencing.TheseresultssuggestthatMMP-relatedgenesarestronglyinvolvedintheprocessofperipheralnerveregeneration.

简介：Asynergyofcomputersimulations,analyticalformulations,andexperimentsprovesveryeffectiveinresearchanddevelopment.Usingnanorodgrowthasanexample,thisletterpresentsthesynergyofthethreecomplementaryapproachesinresearch,anddemonstratesitseffectiveness.Throughthissynergy,atheoreticalframeworkofnanorodgrowthemerges;throughthedirectionofthetheories,experimentalrealizationofsmallestwell-separatednanorodsbecomesreality;throughtherealizationofsuchnanorods,metallicglueinambientenvironmentsbecomestechnicalrealityandcommercialpossibility.

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简介：Duetoanumberoffactorsoutlinedinthisarticle,theissueofpopulationgrowthisexcludedfromthesustainabilitydiscussion.Inthisarticle,weexploresomeoftheethicalpresumptionsthatunderlietheissueslinkingpopulationgrowthandsustainability.Criticsarguethatactiontoaddresspopulationcreatessocialandeconomicsegregation,andportrayoverpopulationconcernsasbeing'anti-poor,''anti-developingcountry,'oreven'antihuman.'Yet,de-linkingdemographicfactorsfromsustainabilityconcernsignoressignificantglobalrealitiesandtrends,suchastheecologicallimitsoftheEarth,thewelfareandlong-termlivelihoodofthemostvulnerablegroups,futureprospectsofhumanity,aswellastheecosystemsthatsupportsociety.

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简介：MechanicalqualityfactorQmisakeycharacteristicparameterofHigh-overtonebulkacousticresonator(HBAR).Theeffectsofstructureparameter(thickness)andperfor?manceparameters(characteristicimpedanceandmechanicalattenuationfactor)ofsubstrate,piezoelectricfilmandelectrodeconstitutingHBARonQmarecarriedout.TherelationshipsbetweenQmandtheseparametersareobtainedbyalumpedparameterequivalentcircuitinsteadofdistributedparameterequivalentcircuitneartheresonancefrequency,andthean?alyticalexpressionsoiQmaregiven.TheresultsshowthatQmincreasesnon-monotonicallywiththecontinuousincreaseofthesubstratethicknessforHBARwithcertainpiezoelectricfilmthickness,anditapproachestothesubstratematerialmechanicalqualityfactorasthesubstratethicknessislarge.QmdecreaseswavilywiththecontinuousincreaseofthepiezoelectricfilmthicknessforHBARwithcertainsubstratethickness.SapphireandYAGwithlowmechanicallossareappropriateasthesubstratetogetalargerQm-TheelectrodelossmustbeconsideredsinceitcanreduceQm-ComparedwithAuelectrode,A1electrodewithlowerlosscanobtainhigherQmwhentheappropriateelectrodethicknessisselected.Inaddition,Qmdecreaseswiththeincreaseoffrequency.TheseresultsprovidethetheoreticalbasisforoptimizingtheparametersofHBARandshowthattrade-oflFsbetweenQmandmustbeconsideredinthedesignbecausetheirchangesareofteninconsistent.

简介：AIMTo探索α的效果；在在眼的神经压碎(ONC)和α的机制以后的星形细胞gliosis的A-crystallin；在neuroprotection和轴突regeneration.METHODSONC的-crystallin在Sprague-Dawley老鼠模型和α上被建立；A-crystallin(10−4g/L，4µ；L)intravitreously被注入老鼠模型。闪光视觉的唤起的潜力(F-VEP)是在ONC，和酸的蛋白质(GFAP)在视网膜铺平的glialfibrillary以后的检验14d，压碎地点被分析1，3，5，7并且在由immunohistochemistry(IHC)和西方的污点的ONC以后的14d分别地。在在视网膜和眼的神经的ONC.RESULTSGFAP水平显著地在ONC以后增加了1d以后，贝它导管素(TUJ1)的层次，联系生长的膜phosphoprotein-43(GAP-43)，chondroitin硫酸盐proteoglycans(CSPG)和neurocan被IHC14d也决定，并且到达了山峰水平7dpost-ONC。α的注射；A-crystallin显著地减少了在在ONC以后的视网膜和压碎地点3d的GFAP水平，并且导致的星形细胞建筑学在压碎地点改变。网膜的中心房间(RGC)的Quantification轴突显示了α；A-crystallin显著地在ONC老鼠支持了轴突新生并且提高了渗透进glial疤的改革轴突。CSPG和neurocan表示也减少了在α以后的14d；A-crystallin注射。振幅(N1-P1)和F-VEP的潜伏(P1)也是restored.CONCLUSIONOur结果建议α；-crystallin支持RGC的轴突新生并且压制星形细胞的激活。

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简介：WestudytheDirichletproblemassociatedtostronglynonlinearparabolicequationsinvolvingp(x)structureinW_0~(1,x)L~(p(x))(Q).WeprovetheexistenceofweaksolutionsbyapplyingGalerkin'sapproximationmethod.

简介：ExogenoussubstancePaccelerateswoundhealingindiabetes,butthemechanismremainspoorlyunderstood.Here,weestablishedaratmodelbyintraperitoneallyinjectingstreptozotocin.Fourwounds(1.8cmdiameter)weredrilledusingaself-madepunchontotheback,bilateraltothevertebralcolumn,andthentreatedusingamnioticmembranewithepidermalstemcellsand/orsubstanceParoundandinthemiddleofthewounds.Withthecombinedtreatmentthewound-healingratewas100%at14days.Withprolongedtime,typeIcollagencontentgraduallyincreased,yettypeIIIcollagencontentgraduallydiminished.Abundantproteingeneproduct9.5-andsubstanceP-immunoreactivenervefibersregenerated.Partialnervefiberendingsextendedtotheepidermis.ThetherapeuticeffectsofcombinedsubstancePandepidermalstemcellswerebetterthanwithamnioticmembraneandeitherfactoralone.OurresultssuggestthatthecombinationofsubstancePandepidermalstemcellseffectivelycontributestonerveregenerationandwoundhealingindiabeticrats.

简介：Theextracellularmatrix,whichincludescollagens,laminin,orfibronectin,playsanimportantroleinperipheralnerveregeneration.Recently,aSchwanncell-derivedextracellularmatrixwithclassicalbiomaterialwasusedtomimictheneuralniche.However,extensiveclinicaluseofSchwanncellsremainslimitedbecauseofthelimitedorigin,lossofanautologousnerve,andextendedinvitroculturetimes.Inthepresentstudy,humanumbilicalcord-derivedmesenchymalstemcells(hUCMSCs),whichareeasilyaccessibleandmoreproliferativethanSchwanncells,wereusedtoprepareanextracellularmatrix.WeidentifiedthemorphologyandfunctionofhUCMSCsandinvestigatedtheireffectonperipheralnerveregeneration.Comparedwithanon-coateddishtissueculture,thehUCMSC-derivedextracellularmatrixenhancedSchwanncellproliferation,upregulatedgeneandproteinexpressionlevelsofbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactor,glialcell-derivedneurotrophicfactor,andvascularendothelialgrowthfactorinSchwanncells,andenhancedneuriteoutgrowthfromdorsalrootganglionneurons.ThesefindingssuggestthatthehUCMSC-derivedextracellularmatrixpromotesperipheralnerverepairandcanbeusedasabasisfortherationaldesignofengineeredneuralniches.

简介：一个简单波长无关的规模因素模型为靠近环的干涉仪纤维被建立眼的回转仪(IFOG)和一个方法被建议为空格申请在高效IFOG把规模因素作为容忍的放射和温度马厩。一半波浪电压(在不同波长和温度的多功能旋转罗盘薄片的V)被测量，调节的人的放射无关的固有的参数被选出并且发现与温度并且稍微成正比波长依赖者。试验性的IFOG被开发，规模因素分别地在不同温度并且在Co60照耀下面被测量。不到10ppm规模因素不稳定性在40以内被完成？？