简介：Nanoparticulate流动发生在大量自然现象和工程应用程序并且因此，吸引了许多注意。现在的论文的目的是提供在最后十年进行的研究的评论。盖住的研究在管子和隧道中由于凝结联系粒子，时刻的Taylor系列扩大方法，和nanoparticle分布到monodisperse和polydisperse的Brownian凝结流动，喷气流动，和混合的层并且在火焰合成和免职的过程。

简介：Thispaperstudiesthecouplingeffectofthepipelinevibrationontheseabedscour.Averticaltwodimensionalmodelisappliedtonumericallyinvestigatethelocalscourbelowavibratingpipelinewithdifferentamplitudesandperiods.Usingthescourunderneathafixedpipelineasareference,thispaperfocusesontheimpactofthepipelinevibrationontheequilibriumscourdepth.Genericrelationshipsareestablishedbetweenthenon-dimensionalscourdepthandthenon-dimensionalvibratingparameters,i.e.,amplitudeandfrequency.Thenormalizationprocesstakesintoaccounttheinfluencesofsuchparametersastheincomingflowvelocity,pipediameter,andShieldsparameter.Anempiricalformulaisproposedtoquantifytheserelationships.

简介：Cu和Ni原子经历liquid–solidelectromigration(L-S他们)的散开行为用Cu/Sn/Ni被调查在5.0×103在250°C的2。电子的流动方向显著地影响Cu和Ni原子的跨solder相互作用，即在顺风的散开下面，Cu和Ni原子能扩散到相反的接口；当在迎风的散开，Cuatoms然而并非Ni下面原子能扩散到相反的接口时。当电子从Cu流动到Ni时，仅仅Cu原子扩散到相反的阳极Ni接口，导致从Ni3Sn4进(Cu，Ni)6Sn5并且进进一步[(Cu，Ni)6Sn5+Cu6Sn5],当noNi原子扩散到相反的阴极Cu接口并且这样时界面的Cu6Sn5留下了。从Ni的Whenelectrons流动到Cu，Cu和Ni原子扩散到相反的接口，resultingin从起始的Cu6Sn5进(Cu，Ni)6Sn5并且进进一步[(Cu，Ni)6Sn5+(Ni,Cu)3在阳极Cu接口的Sn4]当时那从起始的Ni3Sn4进(Cu，Ni)6Sn5并且进进一步(Ni，Cu)3在阴极Ni接口的Sn4损坏，电子比另外的方法从Cu流动到Ni是更多的。

简介：AbstractIntroduction:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer that disproportionately affects geriatric patients. Combination therapy with surgery and chemotherapy is associated with longer survival than medical treatment or supportive care. Preoperative selection of patients for surgical treatment, based on patient-specific factors such as sarcopenia, may help risk-stratify patients and improve outcomes. This paper aims to review the current literature on the impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on patients undergoing treatment for PDAC.Outcomes:The impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenia obesity on perioperative and long-term outcomes after treatment for PDAC is variable. Sarcopenia has been associated with high-grade complications, longer length of hospital, and intensive care unit stays, more frequent discharge to skilled nursing facilities and decreased utilization of adjuvant therapy in patients treated with curative intent surgery. Sarcopenic obesity has been associated with more complications, high-grade complications, and hematologic toxicities. Patients with sarcopenic obesity may have even lower overall survival than sarcopenic patients.Discussion:The effect of a pre-treatment diagnosis of sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity on outcomes for patients undergoing treatment for PDAC remains unknown, in part due to the heterogeneity of studies and definitions. Prehabilitation programs including resistance exercise and nutritional supplementation have shown benefit in sarcopenic patients.Conclusion:PDAC remains a deadly disease and patient-specific factors such as sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity identified at the time of cancer diagnosis offer potential as risk stratification measures and points of intervention. Currently, a paucity of standardized measurement tools, definitions, and prehabilitation regimens limits the clinical implementation of such knowledge.

简介：Asurveyof2,002unmarriedwomenunder24yearsofagewhorequestedabortionsinfourChinesecitiesindicatesthatreproductivetractinfection(RTI)hasbecomeamajorfactoraffectingthereproductivehealthofunmarriedwomenhavingabortions.

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简介：AbstractImportance:In children, anesthesia dosages are based on population pharmacokinetics and patient hemodynamics rather than patient-specific brain activity. Brain function is highly susceptible to the effects of anesthetics.Objective:The primary objective of this retrospective pilot study was to assess the prevalence of electroencephalography (EEG) burst suppression—a sign of deep anesthesia—in children undergoing general anesthesia.Methods:We analyzed EEG in patients aged 1-36 months who received sevoflurane or propofol as the primary anesthetic. Patient enrollment was stratified into two age groups: 1-12 months and 13-36 months. Burst suppression (voltage ≤ 5.0 mV, lasting > 0.5 seconds) was characterized by occurrence over anesthesia time. Associations with patient demographics and anesthetics were determined.Results:In total, 54 patients (33 males and 21 females) were included in the study [age 11.0 (5.0-19.5) months; weight 9.2 (6.5-11.0) kg]. The total prevalence of burst suppression was 56% (30/54). Thirty-three percent of patients experienced burst suppression during the surgical phase. The greatest proportion of burst suppression occurred during the induction phase. More burst suppression event occurrences (18/30) were observed in the patient under sevoflurane anesthesia (P = 0.024). Virtually all patients who received propofol boluses had burst suppression (P = 0.033). More burst suppression occurred in patients with hypotension (P < 0.001). During the surgical phase, a younger age was associated with more burst suppression (P = 0.002).Interpretation:EEG burst suppression was associated with younger age, inhalation anesthetics, propofol bolus, and lower arterial pressure.

简介：AbstractBackground:Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a common complication in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment, but the underlying causes for this remain unclear. This study aimed to explore factors affecting the incidence of EP in in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).Methods:This was a retrospective study on the incidence of EP in IVF/ICSI cycles between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2017. Patient age, infertility diagnosis (tubal factor or not), primary or secondary infertility, type of cycle (frozen-thawed or fresh), type of embryo(s) transferred (cleavage embryo or blastocyst), number of embryos transferred (one, two, or three), previous history of EP, and endometrial combined thickness were analyzed to explore their relationships with the incidence of EP. Based on clinical typing results, the patients were divided into an EP group or a non-EP group. Categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-squared test or Fisher exact test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore their associations with the incidence of EP.Results:The percentage of patients with primary infertility in EP group was significantly lower than that in non-EP group (31.3% vs. 46.7%, χ2 = 26.032, P < 0.001). The percentage of patients with tubal infertility in EP group was also significantly higher than that in non-EP group (89.2% vs. 63.6%, χ2 = 77.410, P < 0.001). The percentages of patients with transfer of cleavage-stage embryo or blastocyst (91.4% vs. 84.4%, χ2 = 10.132, P = 0.001) and different endometrial combined thickness (ECT) (χ2 = 18.373, P < 0.001) differed significantly between EP and non-EP groups. For patients who had a previous history of one to four EPs, the percentage of patients undergoing transfer of a cleavage-stage embryo was significantly higher in EP group than that in non-EP group (92.2% vs. 77.6%, χ2 = 13.737, P < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, tubal infertility was strongly associated with EP (adjusted odds ratio: 3.995, 95% confidence interval: 2.706-5.897, P < 0.001).Conclusions:In IVF/ICSI cycles, transfer of a blastocyst-stage embryo, especially for patients with a previous history of EP, reduced the rate of EP. Tubal infertility was strongly associated with EP.

简介：为商业地制作的合金的三种典型产品状态的微观结构2195被观察。热转动的板被包含罚款的含纤维的结构描绘，这被发现，polygonized基础；并且滚动寒冷的表被包含高密度脱臼房间的pan-caked谷物结构描绘。脾气被证明包含大量散、塑造板的T1(Al2CuLi)的在近的山峰老化下面的产品猛抛，和theta的小部分；“(Al2Cu)盘子，展出机械性质的理想的联合。用扫描电子显微镜学的分析表明许多粗糙的、不规则形状的Al7Cu2Fe成分粒子处于所有产品状态存在，它显示中间的热处理几乎没在这个引起铁的、有害阶段上有小影响。为合金2195的不同产品状态的微观结构的形成和进化在商业生产条件的看法点被讨论。

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简介：AIMTo在在为复杂网膜的detachment.METHODSWe经历retinectomy的病人的硅酮油(ROSO)的移动执行了为复杂网膜的分开在retinectomy以后经历了ROSO的病人的回顾的盒子笔记评论以后，评估功能的结果。有不到6mo的病人列在后面在上面并且周期性的网膜的分开追随者ROSO是excluded.RESULTSThirty--六个病人被包括。吝啬的最好改正的视觉尖酸(BCVA)pre-ROSO是1.13logMAR(SD0.5)。吝啬的BCVA3mo追随者ROSO是1.16logMAR(SD0.53)，6mo追随者ROSO1.13(SD0.63)，和跟随ROSO1.18(SD0.69)的12mo。在在ROSO以后的12mo，BCVA在38.9%病人改善了，在25%仍然保持未改变，并且尽管在在在3点的ROSO以后的BCVA没有统计重要差别，在36.1%败坏了，6并且12mo(P=0.93)。retinectomy的尺寸从15°；到270°；(SD53)并且没影响.CONCLUSIONThere是的视觉结果(P=0.11)在在pre-和柱子之间的BCVA的没有统计上重要的差别--为复杂网膜的分开的ROSO后面的retinectomy。在与retinectomy的尺寸有关的视觉结果没有统计差别。

简介：讨论屏蔽2002的营养的风险(NRS2002)是否为营养的风险在造血的干细胞移植(HSCT)前后为白血病病人屏蔽是适当的，并且是否在其它有风险差别的目的调节，例如年龄，性和匹配的度；发现营养的风险在HSCT前后为这些病人屏蔽的方法和指示物，处理以便给及时干预保证全部移植的成功的结束。99个白血病病人的方法营养的风险在HSCT前后与NRS2002被屏蔽。，2测试被使用比较象年龄，性和匹配的度那样的组之间的风险差别另外的枚举数据的差别，例如最近(13个月)重量损失，在一个星期和BMI以内的减少的食物吸入，被连续性修正比较。99个白血病病人，结果22个盒子(22.2%)在HSCT前有营养的风险，当所有病人在HSCT以后有营养的风险时；有在在男性和女性之间的营养的风险的没有重要差别，和不到30岁的病人，不完整匹配，最近(13个月)重量损失，在一个星期或BMI以内的减少的食物吸入<18.5是更可能的有营养的风险；并且77个盒子(77.8%)有重量损失，49个病人(63.6%)在一个月以内在之中有超过5%重量损失。这研究显示出的结论白血病病人竟然收到在HSCT，和NRS2002前后通常屏蔽的营养的风险，这为营养的风险在HSCT前屏蔽仅仅是适当的。更多的注意应该对病人被给予不到30岁或不完整匹配。重量变化是为在HSCT以后的病人的重要营养的指示物之一。

简介：AbstractBackground:Surgical left atrial appendage occlusion (SLAAO) may be associated with a lower risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac surgery. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of SLAAO in patients undergoing mechanical heart valve replacement (MHVR) is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between SLAAO and the cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing MHVR.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data for 497 patients with atrial fibrillation; 27.6% of the patients underwent SLAAO, and the remainder of the patients did not (No-SLAAO group). The primary outcome was a composite of ischemic stroke, systemic embolism, and all-cause mortality. Cumulative event-free survival rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves, and we performed multivariate Cox analyses to evaluate the association between SLAAO and outcomes. We used one-to-one propensity score matching to balance patients’ baseline characteristics, and analyzed 120 matching pairs.Results:Five patients died within 30 days postoperatively, and there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding in-hospital complications (all P > 0.05). After a median follow-up of 14 months, 14 primary events occurred. Kaplan-Meier curves showed no difference in the cumulative incidence of freedom from the primary outcome (log-rank P = 0.830), hemorrhagic events (log-rank P = 0.870), and the secondary outcome (log-rank P = 0.730), between the two groups. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed no association between SLAAO and any outcome (all P > 0.05). After propensity score matching, cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time, and the postoperative length of stay were significantly longer in the SLAAO group (all P < 0.05); results were similar to the unadjusted analyses.Conclusions:Concomitant SLAAO and MHVR was associated with longer length of stay, and cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time, but was not associated with additional protective effects against thromboembolic events and mortality during the 14-month follow-up.

简介：BackgroundThecoronarycollateralcirculationhasapositiveeffectontheischemicmyocardium.Butitislimitedforpatientsmissingthetimewindowoftotalocclusionofthecoronaryarteryelectivepercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI).Theeffectofcollateralcirculationonleftcardiacfunctionhasbeenlessstudied.MethodsAtotalof34patientswithoneormorecoronaryarteryocclusionwhounderwentcoronaryangiographyandRentrop'smethodweredividedinto2groups:Goodcollateralcirculation(Agroups,Rentropscore2-3,n=19)and(Bgroups,Rentropscore1-2,n=15).Theimprovementofleftventricularenddiastolicvolume(LVEDV)andleftventricularejectionfraction(LVEF)werecomparedbetweenthetwogroupsbeforeandafterPCI.ResultsIngoodcollateralcirculationgroup,leftventricularejectionfraction(LVEF)wassignificantlyhigherafterPCI(P<0.05).Inpoorcollateralcirculationgroup,leftventricularenddiastolicvolumeindex(LVEDV)wassignificantlyincreasedafterPCI(P<0.05).ConclusionsGoodcollateralcirculationhasasignificantprotectiveeffectonleftventricularfunction.PCIoperationcansignificantlyimprovetheprognosisofpatientswithgoodcollateralcirculationofcoronaryarteryocclusion.

简介：Transperineal前列腺活体检视是能被用来从前列腺获得组织学的样品的一个过程。两个都改进活体检视核心样品和前列腺癌症察觉的质量，我们当前正在执行比较用18G针获得到用16G针获得的那些的前列腺活体检视样品的未来的、使随机化的试用。这初步的研究的目的是在两个组评估疼痛和复杂并发症率以便估计与一根更大的口径针执行前列腺活体检视是否是一个可行过程。经历transperineal前列腺活体检视的187个病人有希望地被评估并且把组划分了成二。第一个组(94个病人，组织A)用16G针和第二个组收到了transperineal前列腺活体检视(93个病人，组织B)与18G针经历了transperineal前列腺活体检视。麻醉在所有题目在prostatic顶与单个会阴的注射被获得。视觉类似物规模(管)和面部表情规模(FES)被用来在每个组在过程的多重步期间估计疼痛。因为它能潜在地影响病人们经历了的疼痛和复杂并发症，一张详细问询表被用来关于药使用获得信息。在过程以后的二个星期，早、迟了的复杂并发症被评估。统计分析用非参量的测试被执行。前列腺特定的抗原(PSA)和药使用在在二个组之间的基线是类似的。疼痛没在18-和16个G针组之间显著地在前列腺活体检视，与VAS和FES仪器一起被测量，期间不同，并且没有重要差别处于在这些组之间的早或迟了的复杂并发症率被发现。有16G针的Transperineal前列腺活体检视以疼痛和复杂并发症率是一个可行过程。有更大的耐心的人口的进一步的研究被要求估计这个过程是否能改进前列腺癌症察觉率。

简介：AbstractBackground:To determine the prevalence and prognostic impact of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods:Fifty-four patients with unresectable HCC undergoing TACE between December 2014 and December 2015 were prospectively screened for HPS and were followed up for a maximum of 2 years or until the end of this prospective study.Results:Nineteen of the 54 (35.2%) patients were considered to have HPS, including one (5.3%) with severe HPS, nine (47.4%) with moderate HPS, and nine (47.4%) with mild HPS. The median overall survival (OS) was 10.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.9–16.3) months for patients with HPS and 15.1 (95% CI, 7.3–22.9) months for patients without HPS, which is not a significant difference (P = 0.100). The median progression-free survival was also not significantly different between patients with and without HPS (5.2 [95% CI, 0–12.8] vs. 8.4 [95% CI, 3.6–13.1] months; P = 0.537). In the multivariable Cox regression analyses, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.033 [95% CI, 1.003–1.064]; P = 0.028) and Child-Pugh class (HR = 1.815 [95% CI, 1.011–3.260]; P = 0.046) were identified to be the independent prognostic factors of OS.Conclusion:Mild or moderate HPS is common in patients with unresectable HCC undergoing TACE, but it does not seem to have a significant prognostic impact.

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简介：BackgroundTherewerefewstudiestoexploretherelationshipbetweenpostoperativemeansystolicbloodpressure(PMSBP)within6haftercardiaccatheterizationandcontrast-inducednephropathy(CIN).MethodsFromJune2010toFebruary2013,299consecutivepatientsundergoingcardiaccatheterizationwererecruited.PatientswereclassifiedintoquartilesbasedonPMSBP(<112,112-120,121-131,and>132mmHg).Baselinedata,CINincidenceandin-hospitaloutcomeswerecomparedbetweenthegroups.LogisticregressionwasusedtoassesstherelationshipbetweenPMSBPandCIN.ResultsCINoccurredin26(8.7%)patients.TheincidenceofCINinPMSBPquartileswere15.3%(11/72),15.1%(11/73),2.4%(2/82)and2.8%(2/72)(P=0.001)respectively.Therewerenosignificantdifferenceinin-hospitaldeath,renalreplacementtherapyandintra-aorticballoonpump(IABP)supportbetweenthegroups(P>0.05).UnivariatelogisticregressionanalysisshowedthatPMSBPwassignificantlyassociatedwithCIN(OR=0.956,95%CI:0.928-0.986,P=0.004).Multivariatelogisticregressionanalysisfoundthatafteradjustingbaselineestimateglomerularfiltrationrate,age>75yearsandacutemyocardialinfarction,PMSBP<120mmHgwasstillanindependentriskfactorforCIN(OR=5.049,95%CI:1.820-14.009,P=0.002).ConclusionsLowerPMSBPwassignificantlyassociatedwithanincreasedriskofCIN.PMSBP<120mmHgwasanindependentriskfactorforCIN.Intensiveblood-pressurecontrolaftercardiaccatheterizationmightincreasetheriskofCIN.