简介：ObjectivesToinvestigatetheexpressionofhistamineH1receptors(H1R)inthevestibularnucleusofbrainsteminratsandtheroleofH1Rinmotionsickness(MS).MethodsAtotalof24healthySprague-Dawleyratsweredividedrandomlyintofourgroups(n=6each)whichdeterminediftheanimalswouldreceiveinductionofMSordrug(promethazine)treatment:MS(-)/Drug(-);MS(+)/Drug(-);MS(-)/Drug(+at0.25mg);andMS(+)/Drug(+).MSwasinducedbycomplexmotionstimulationandtheconditionedtasteaversionwasusedasabehavioralindicatorofMS.Thevolumeof0.15%sodiumsaccharinsolution(SS)intakewithin45minutesaftermotionstimulationwasmeasured.H1Rinthevestibularnucleuswasexaminedbyimmunofluorescencestaining.TheexpressionofH1Rproteininbrainstemtissueatvestibularnucleuslevelwasdetectedbywesternblot.ResultsThemeanSSintakevolumeintheMS(+)/Drug(-)group(8.8ml)wassignificantlylessthanthatoftheMS(-)/Drug(-)group(15.1ml)(P<0.01).ThemeanSSintakevolumeoftheMS(-)/Drug(+)group(14.8ml)wassimilartothatoftheMS(-)/Drug(-)group.ThemeanSSintakevolume(9.6ml)oftheMS(+)/Drug(+)groupwasmorethanthatoftheMS(+)/Drug(-)group(P<0.01),butlessthanthatoftheMS(-)/Drug(-)grouporMS(-)/Drug(+)group(P<0.01).ImmunofluorescencestainingshowedpositiveexpressionofH1Rinthevestibularnucleusofbrainstemandtheexpressionwasenhancedbymotionstimulation.WesternblotanalysisshowedthatH1Rproteinexpressedinthebrainstemtissueatvestibularnucleuslevelandtheexpressionalsoincreasedsignificantlyaftermotionstimulation.TheMS-inducedincreaseofH1Rwasnotaffectedsignificantlybypromethazine.ConclusionsH1RsexistinthevestibularnucleusinratsandH1Rexpressionisup-regulatedbymotionstimulation,butnotaffectedbypromethazine.ThefindingsindicatethatthehistaminergicsystemisinvolvedinMS.Promethazine,asanH1Rblocker,mayplayitsanti-MSrolebycompetingthebindingsiteon

简介：目的探讨肿瘤继发性舌咽神经痛的致病机理和外科治疗。方法回顾性分析1993年1月-2002年6月收治的3例桥小脑角肿瘤继发性舌咽神经痛的临床和病理组织学资料。结果3例患者均为女性，分别为桥小脑角的舌咽神经鞘膜瘤、微小血管瘤样脑膜瘤和脉络丛乳头状瘤。主要临床表现是咽部和舌根部疼痛或伴有耳深部疼痛。1例行肿瘤切除及舌咽神经切断术，另2例行肿瘤切除、舌咽神经切断及迷走神经1-2支感觉支切断术，3例均取得满意疗效。3例术后出现轻度声嘶。随访平均2．3年，3例肿瘤及疼痛均无复发。结论桥小脑角肿瘤是引起舌咽神经痛的原因之一。切除肿瘤同时行舌咽神经根及迷走神经1-2支感觉支切断是治疗肿瘤继发性舌咽神经痛的有效方法。

简介：WHO参与制定的"变应性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响"(AllergicRhinitisanditsImpactonAsthma,ARIA)诊疗指南自2001年在临床应用以来[1],对提高变应性鼻炎(allergicrhinitis,AR)的治疗水平以及认识上、下呼吸道的相关性起到积极