简介：Discussionsarecarriedoutontheverticaldiscretizationofcurrentatmosphericmodels.Itispointedoutthatthereexistproblemsintheintegrationofthehydrostaticequationandthecomputationofverticaladvection,verticaldiffusionandsoon.Thensomepossiblewaysforsolvingoralleviatingthemaresuggested.Finally,thechoiceofverticalcoordinateandbasisfunctionsisdiscussed.

简介：ThemodeserialsoftheEarth'sfreeoscillationprovidesomeimportantinformationontheEarth'sdeepstructureandsuperconductinggravimeters(SG)caninvestigatethephenomenaoftheEarth'sfreeoscillationswithhighaccuracy.ThegreatSumatra-AndamanearthquakefullyexcitedtheEarth'sfreeoscillationsandthesesignalswereperfectlyrecordedbyfivesuperconductinggravimetersintheglobe.Afterthepre-treatmentandspectralanalysisontheSGobservationdata,weobtainedtheexperimentedmodeserialsoftheEarth'sfreeoscillationsconsistingof147modeswithGGPstationdata.TheseobservedmodeswerethemselvessomenewimportantdataforthestudyoftheEarth'sdeepstructure.Onthebasisofthediscussionsonsomecheckedinner-core-sensitivemodes,wedistinguishedthreelayersfromtheinnercore,andtheboundaryoftheupperlayerwascompatiblewiththeformerlyknowntransitionzoneintheinnercorebasedonseismicbodywavesandsupportedthattherewerethehemisphericalvariationandverylowershearvelocityzoneinthelowerinnercore.

简介：波形字符在分离数据在时间顺序安排了的地震数据结构特征工具把地震踪迹指向每2-D或3-D。用地震数据结构特征的烃预言是一种新水库预言技术。当主要薪水间隔与很强壮的不同类在碳酸盐骨折和裂缝大洞类型水库时，有烃预言的一些困难。因为Tahe油地里的第八个地区的特殊地质的条件，我们在这个地区为奥陶纪水库把地震数据结构特征用于烃预言。我们把区域油地区划分成有利、相反的块。十八个井地点在有利的油块被求婚，钻，并且恢复油和气体的更高的输出。

简介：TheHori’sinversemethodbasedonspectraldecompositionwasappliedtoestimatecoseismicslipdistributionontheruptureplaneofthe14November2001MS8.1KunlunearthquakebasedonGPSsurveyresults.TheinversionresultshowsthatthesixslidingmodelscanbeconstrainedbythecoseismicGPSdata.Theestablishedslipsmainlyconcentratedalongtheeasternsegmentofthefaultrupture,andthemaximummagnitudeisabout7m.Slipontheeasternsegmentofthefaultrupturerepresentsaspurelyleft-lateralstrike-slip.Sliponthewesternsegmentoftheseismicrupturerepresentsasmainlydip-slipwiththemaximumdip-slipabout1m.Totalpredictedscalarseismicmomentis5.196×1020N?m.Ourresultsconstrainedbygeodeticdataareconsistentwithseismologicalresults.

简介：ThestatisticalcharacterofQuikSCATscatterometerwindsisshowed.AndMonthlychangeandspecialdistributioncharacterofstrongwindfrequencyandmonthlywindfieldsinSouthChinaSeaisanalyzed.ItisshownintheresultthattheQuikSCATscatterometerwindscanberelieduponfortheSouthChinaSea;twowinds,onethewintertimenortheasterlyandtheothersummertimesouthwesterly.ThenortheasterlycentersattheBashiStraitandTaiwamStraitanditssecondarycenterandthemaximumcenterofthesouthwesterlyareinthecentralandsouthernSouthChinaSea.

简介：Environmentalloadistheprimaryfactorinthedesignofoffshoreengineeringstructuresandoceancurrentistheprincipalenvironmentalloadthatcausesunderwaterstructuralfailure.Incomputationalanalysis,thecalculationofcurrentloadismainlybasedonthecurrentprofile.Thecurrentprofilemodel,whichisbasedonastructuralfailurecriterion,isconducivetodecreasingtheuncertaintyofthecurrentload.Inthisstudy,weusedprototypemonitoringdataandtheempiricalorthogonalfunction(EOF)methodtoinvestigatethecurrentprofileintheSouthChinaSeaanditscorrelationwiththedesignofunderwaterstructuralstrengthandthedynamicdesignoffatigue.Theunderwaterstructuralstrengthdesigntakesintoaccountthesizeofthestructureandtheservicewaterdepth.Weproposeprofilesfortheoverallandlocaldesignsusingtheinversefirst-orderreliabilitymethod(IFORM).Weextractedthecharacteristicprofilecurrent(CPC)ofthemonitoredseaareatosolvedynamicdesignproblemssuchasvortex-inducedvibration(VIV).WeusedrandomsamplingtoverifythefeasibilityofusingtheEOFmethodtocalculatetheCPCfromthecurrentdataandidentifiedthemainproblemsassociatedwithusingtheCPC,whichdeservecloseattentioninVIVdesign.Ourresearchconclusionsprovidedirectreferencesfordeterminingcurrentloadinthisseaarea.Thisanalysismethodcanalsobeusedintheanalysisofotherseaareasorfieldvariables.

简介：ThedirectionofoilchargeswithinafieldintheNigerDelta,Nigeriawasdeterminedbythesumofdifferencesrankingmethodofcarbazoleconcentrationsafterascertainingotherpossiblegeologicalconstraintsontheircompositionalvariations.Theprincipleisthatthesmallerthesum,thecloserthewelltothesourcekitchen.Theapproachmakesuseofcarbazoles’interactionwiththematrix,whichleadstoareductionintheirconcentrationwithincreasingdistancefromthesourcekitchen,allowingpredictionofthechargingdirection.AwiderangeofcompositionalvariationswasobservedforC1(806.72–2152.90lg/g)andC2(767–2469.72lg/g)carbazoleswithinthefield.Basedontheseresults,weinferredafillingpathwayorientationfromwesttoeast.Thissuggeststhatthesourcekitchen-themostpromisingregionforoilexploration-islocatedinthewesternpartoftheoilfield.

简介：AssimilatingsatelliteradiancesintoNumericalWeatherPrediction(NWP)modelshasbecomeanimportantapproachtoincreasetheaccuracyofnumericalweatherforecasting.Inthisstudy,theassimilationtechniqueschemewasemployedinNOAA’sSTMAS(Space-TimeMultiscaleAnalysisSystem)toassimilateAMSU-Aradiancesdata.Channelselectionsensitivityexperimentswereconductedonassimilatedsatellitedatainthefirstplace.Then,realcaseanalysisofAMSU-Adataassimilationwasperformed.Theanalysisresultsshowedthat,followingassimilatingofAMSU-Achannels5-11inSTMAS,theobjectivefunctionquicklyconverged,andthechannelverticalresponsewasconsistentwiththeAMSU-Aweightingfunctiondistribution,whichsuggeststhatthechannelscanbeusedintheassimilationofsatellitedatainSTMAS.WiththecaseoftheTyphoonMorakotinTaiwanIslandinAugust2009asanexample,experimentsonassimilatedandunassimilatedAMSU-AradiancesdataweredesignedtoanalyzetheimpactoftheassimilationofsatellitedataonSTMAS.TheresultsdemonstratedthatassimilationofAMSU-Adataprovidedmoreaccuratepredictionoftheprecipitationregionandintensity,andespecially,itimprovedthe0-6hprecipitationforecastsignificantly.

简介：

简介：介绍了Joshi均质油藏多分支井产能模型、我国学者程林松多井底分支水平井产能模型和考虑井筒内压降的油藏与井筒耦合模型的产能公式，并对各产能模型进行了系统的比较，对各产能公式适用的条件及油田实际生产指导意义进行了分析。

简介：系统介绍了数字地面模型的制作过程即数据获取、数据内插和DTM的显示输出及其在地理信息系统中的重要地位。探讨了其在实际地学分析、工程设计、辅助决策应用中的价值。

简介：一、前言Internet技术的发展，对地理信息系统产生了深远影响。GIS与Internet技术的集成逐步成为GIS发展的重要方向之一，并已经产生了GoogleMap、图行天下等网络电子地图。但是GIS发展存在两个硬伤：专项GIS应用缺乏普通用户支持推广；公开GIS应用也因功能单一、附加信息量少、缺乏交互，所以少有吲头客。为了解决这两个问题，设想建立一种方便普通用户使用、信息量大、信息价值高、可以交互的GISVlog模型。

简介：从表达现实世界的方式和解决具体问题的方法这两方面出发，论述了GIS逻辑数据模型和物理数据模型的设计与表达。根据数据的使用方式决定地理数据模型的选取，以建立面向对象的地理要素模型为例来说明建模的过程，提高模型的实用性。

简介：

简介：本文由两部分组成:第一部分简要介绍利用我国最新的海陆实测重力数据(范围:O°～55°N,70°～140°E),对目前国际上最新的OSU91A模型进行局部改善的基本原理及主要结果。第二部分进一步将改进后的360阶位模型依频段反演为分层点质量模型,详细介绍了分层解算点质量的Toeplitz矩阵求逆法,并对解算结果进行了外部检核。

简介：Wepresenta3DmodelofshearvelocityofcrustanduppermantleinChinaandsurroundingregionsfromsurfacewavetomography.Wecombinedispersionmeasurementsfromambientnoisecorrelationandtraditionalearthquakedata.ThestationsincludetheChinaNationalSeismicNetwork,globalnetworks,andalltheavailablePASSCALstationsintheregionovertheyears.Thecombineddatasetsprovideexcellentdatacoverageoftheregionforsurfacewavemeasurementsfrom8to120s,whichareusedtoinvertfor3Dshearwavevelocitystructureofthecrustanduppermantledowntoabout150km.WealsoderivenewmodelsofthestudyregionforcrustalthicknessandaveragedSvelocitiesforupper,mid,andlowercrustandtheuppermostmantle.Themodelsprovideafundamentaldatasetforunderstandingcontinentaldynamicsandevolution.Thetomographyresultsrevealsignificantfeaturesofcrustanduppermantlestructure,includingmajorbasins,Mohodepthvariation,mantlevelocitycontrastbetweeneasternandwesternNorthChinaCraton,widespreadlow-velocityzoneinmidcrustinmuchoftheTibetanPlateau,andclearvelocitycontrastsofthemantlelithospherebetweennorthandsouthernTibetwithsignificantE–Wvariations.ThelowvelocitystructureintheuppermantleundernorthandeasternTPcorrelateswithsurfacegeologicalboundaries.ApatchofhighvelocityanomalyisfoundundertheeasternpartoftheTP,whichmayindicateintactmantlelithosphere.MantlelithosphereshowsstrikingsystematicchangefromthewesterntoeasternNorthChinaCraton.TheTanluFaultappearstobeamajorlithosphereboundary.

简介：在这份报纸，我们在身体上正在坐在不同地方的很多可得到的空间数据来源的上下文为空间数据集成(SOA-SDI)建议面向服务的体系结构，并且基于SOA-SDI开发基于万维网的GIS系统，允许顾客应用程序到达，从那些可得到的空间数据的分析和现在的空间数据采购原料。建议建筑学逻辑地包括4层或部件；他们是多重数据供应商服务，数据集成的层，后端服务的层，和前端的层为空间数据表示的图形的用户接口(图形用户界面)。根据4-layeredSOA-SDI框架，WebGIS应用程序能快速被发布，它证明SOA-SDI有潜力减少软件开发的输入并且弄短开发时期。

简介：Weuseinterferometricsyntheticapertureradar(InSAR)andbroadbandseismicwaveformdatatoestimateasourcemodelofthe11thJuly,2004MW6.2Zhongbaearthquake,TibetofChina.ThiseventoccurredwithintheseismicallyactivezoneofsouthwesternTibetanPlateauwheretheeast-westextensionoftheuppercrustisobserved.BecauseoflimitationsinonepairofInSARdataavailable,therearetrade-offsamongcentroiddepth,ruptureareaandamountofslip.Availableseismicdatatightlyconstrainthefocalmechanismandcentroiddepthoftheearthquakebutnotthehorizontallocation.Together,twocomplementarydatasetscanbeusedtoidentifytheactualfaultplane,betterconstraintheslipmodelandeventlocation.Wefirstuseregionalseismicwaveformtoestimatepointsourcemechanism,thenInSARdataisusedtoobtainbetterlocation.Finally,ajointinversionofteleseismicP-wavesandInSARdataisperformedtoobtainadistributedmodel.Ourpreferredpointsourcemechanismindicatesaseismicmomentof～2.2×1018N·m(～MW6.2),afaultplanesolutionof171°(342°)/42°(48°)/-83°(-97°),correspondingtostrike/dip/rake,andadepthof11km.Thefaultplanewithstrikeof171°anddipof42°isidentifiedastherupturedfaultwiththeaidofInSARdata.Thepreferredsourcemodelfeaturescompactareaofslipsbetweendepthof5-11kmand10kmalongstrikewithmaximumslipamplitudeofabout1.5m.

简介：这研究的目的到份量上评估热带降雨测量有雨计量器数据并且进一步的使命(TRMM)数据到使用驱使一个分布式的时间变体获得模型(DTVGM)在中国在半潮湿的Weihe河集水执行水文学模拟的这个TRMM数据。在模拟前，比较与一10年(20012010)设置的每日的雨计量器数据表明在每日的时间步，TRMM降雨数据擅长比降雨极端捕获雨出现和吝啬的值。在每月的时间规模上，在TRMM和雨计量器降雨数据之间的好线性关系被发现，与决心系数R<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>为个人在0.78和0.89之间变化的2驻扎。每日的水文学过程上的数据的七年(20012007)的随后的模拟结果证实DTVGM什么时候由雨计量器数据校准了，比什么时候由TRMM数据校准更好表现，但是TRMM数据驾驶的模拟的性能比在每月的时间规模上由计量器数据开车的好。结果因此建议TRMM降雨数据对在学习的每月的流速及流水量模拟更合适区域，和那当为水平衡部件的刻度和结果的效果也被考虑时，TRMM3B42-V7产品有潜力表现很好在类似的盆。

简介：一四维变化(4D-Var)数据吸收方法在热带太平洋的一个改进中间的联合模型(ICM)被实现。一个成双的实验被设计基于ICM在ENSO分析和预言上评估4D-Var数据吸收算法的影响。模型错误被假定仅仅从参数无常产生。SST异例的观察，从拿缺省参数价值并且把Gaussian噪音增加的真相模型模拟被取样，直接错误地与它的参数集合被吸收进吸收模型。结果证明4D-Var有效地减少ENSO分析的错误因此与非吸收盒子相比改进ENSO事件的预言技巧。这些结果提供一个有希望的方法让ICM完成更好即时的ENSO预言。