简介:Antibodies,alsoknownasimmunoglobulins,areincrediblyspecificandverygoodatstickingtomolecules.Theyareabletodiscriminatebetweenmoleculesthatvarybyaslittleasasingleatomandflagforeignorharmfulonesforattackorremovalbytheimmunesystem.Essentially,theyserveasthebackboneofthehumoralimmunesystem.This'exquisitespecificity'isimportanttopreventtheimmunesystemfrommistakinghealthy,humanproteinsandmoleculesfrominvadingones.However,
简介:摘要目的探讨门诊和住院患者中120例心电图高耸T波的临床特点及意义。方法;(1)肢体导联大于0.5mv,胸前导联大于1.0mV,但有些正常人可高达1.5mv。因此,高耸T波的动态改变更有意义。(2)T波大于同导联QRS波电压。结果急性心肌缺血60例(50%)、高钾血症10例(8.3%)、主动脉关闭不全2例(1.6%)、早期复极综合征12例(10%)、、完全性左束支传导阻滞10例(8.3%)、脑血管意外5例(4%),左心室肥大10例(8.3%),迷走神经张力增高5例(4%),正常变异6例(5%)。结论高耸T波是临床常见的心电图现象,可出现于多种情况,尤其对急性冠状动脉供血不足心肌梗塞早期、心肌缺血、高钾血症及脑血管意外具有重要的临床意义。
简介:摘要目的踇趾近节趾骨远端T型骨折的治疗方法和近期疗效。方法对26例踇趾近节趾骨远端T型骨折采用切开复位,克氏针内固定治疗。结果骨折均于术后2.5~4.0个月愈合,无骨不连、骨折畸形,趾骨远端骨块坏死发生。功能恢复良好,根据美国足与踝关节协会趾、趾间关节功能评定标准,获优16例,良6例,可3例,优良率84.6%。结论开放复位克氏针三角形交叉内固定治疗踇趾近节趾骨远端T型骨折具有操作简单,方法可靠,疗效确实的优点。
简介:AlthoughithasbeenknownthatγδTcellsmayplayanimportantroleintheimmuneresponsetoinfectionofMycobacteriumtuberculosis(M.tb),themechanismsbywhichtheγδTcellsparticipateintheinnateand/oracquiredimmunitytotuberculosis(TB)havenotbeenfullelucidated.Inthepresentstudy,27patientswithactivepulmonaryTBand16healthydonors(HD)wereperformed.WefoundthatproportionofIL-17-producingcellsamonglymphocytewassimilarbetweenTBpatientsandHD,whereastheproportionsofγδTcellsinIL-17-producingcells(59.2%)andIL-17-producingcellsinγδTcells(19.4%)inperipheralbloodweremarkedlyincreasedinTBpatientswhencomparedtothoseinHD(43.9%and7.7%,respectively).Inaddition,theproportionsofIFN-γ-producingγδTcellsinTBpatientswereobviouslylowerthanthatinHD.Uponre-stimulatedwithM.tbheat-treatedantigen(M.tb-HAg)invitro,fewerIL-17-producingγδTcellsweregeneratedfromHDandTBpatients,whereasIFN-γ-producingγδTcellswereincreasedinTBpatientscomparedtothatinHD.OurfindingsinTBpatientsandhealthyhumanwereconsistentwithothermurineinvestigationthattheIL-17-producingγδTcellsweremainsourceofIL-17inmousemodelofBCGinfection,suggestingthatγδTcellsmightbeinvolvedintheformationoftuberculargranulomainpulmonaryTBpatients,butneedfurtheridentification.