简介：<正>Sincetheeighties,thestudyofMahakalainmainlandChina,fromliterarytextsonMahakalatotheprominentmanuscriptsofKhara-Khoto(黑水城),canbedividedintosixcategories,namelythespreadofMahakala,thestudyofMahakalainSouthZhaoDali(南诏大理),thestudyoftheMahakalamanuscriptsinTangut(西夏),thehistoryandportraitsofMahakalafromtheYuandynasty,thestudyofMahakalafromtheQingdynastyandthestudyofMahakalaliterature.

简介：FollowingWorldWarII,themovementforIndiannationalliberationshowedvigorousdevelopment;inparticular,thenavyuprisinginFebruary,1946madetheBritishimperialistdecisionmakersfeltdeeplythattheycouldnolongermaintaincolonialrulein

简介：TheearliestcontactsbetweentheUnitedStatesandTibetwereunofficialandnon-governmental.TotheAmericans,itwasthetravellers,explorers

简介："Tibetanpaper"referstothepapermadeinTibetandTibetan-inhabitedareas.PaperisproducedinmanyplacesinTibet.InoldTibet,wheretherewasappropriaterawmaterialandcleanwaterforpapermaking,apapermillwouldsurelybebuiltthereand

简介：Clothesandgraindistributionisalsocalledgrainpay,lamagrainpay,lamapay,clothesandgrainrationaswellasclothesandgrainpayand

简介：MostscholarsworkingontheeconomydevelopmentinTibet,especiallythehusbandrymentionedthe"reluctanceslaughterandsell"phenomenonoffarmer(herdsman)andallagreedthatitisanimportantreasonforobstructingthecomeoutrateoflivestockinTibetandcausingundevelopedcommodityeconomyandgrasslandoverload.However,mostscholars

简介：IntroductionThisarticlereliesonacombinationofquestionnairesandinterviewsinanattempttounderstandcontemporaryTibetans’basicopinionsofandattitudestowardsincarnatelamas.

简介：[本文描述了法国企业公布的资产负债表、捐益表和其他有关附表等不同的财务资料;一九八二年的会计制度规定企业必须公布这些资料;它们有利于对企业状况作出更好的分析,给公众和投资者提供有效的信息,并方便企业内部的决策。本文作者若赛特·贝拉尔特在法国巴黎一大教授国实金融和财政分析;著有:《财政分析》、《国际金融管理》和《汇兑风险》等专著;此外,他还在法国和其他国家的国际金融专业杂志上发表过许多论文。]JosettePEYRARDUniversitedePARISIPantheon-SORBONNE

简介：TibetanBuddhismisnotonlyoneofthetwobranchesofMahayanaBuddhism,butalsooneofthetwomostimportantandevolvingtraditionsofthecontemporaryBuddhismworld.Ithas

简介：Today,therearemanytreatisesonTibetanmedicine,TibetanphysicaltrainingandTibetanTantricBuddhism.ButfewofthemmakedirectstudiesoforintroductiontoTibetanphysicaltrainingand

简介：Inthe21stcentury,ChinaandIndiafrequentlyexchangedvisitsbetweentheirleaders,enhancedmutualunderstandingandtrustanddevelopedcooperationineconomyandotherfields.Theirbilateraltradegrewveryfast.Thetwocountriesenteredaperiod

简介：<正>PartOne:IntroductionWithintheframeworkofanagreementbetweentheChinaTibetologyResearchCenter,Beijing,andtheAustrianAcademyofSciences,JunjieChuhadtheopportunitytostayattheCenterformorethanonemontheachyearsince2009

简介：InthelasttenyearsTibetanstudieshasmadegreatstridesinChina.ManyscholarshaveshiftedtheirintereststoTibetanartandgraduallyrealizedthattheseartisticworks,containingtheidealofwisdomandcompassion,willgivethemthekeytothismysterious

简介：<正>o.IntroductionRatnakarasantiwasaBuddhistscholarfromtheVikramasilamonasteryatthefinalperiodofIndianBuddhismandwasateacherofAtisa/Dipamkarasrijnana.HeoccupiesauniquepositioninthespirituallineageofMahayanaBuddhism,whichinIndiaandTibetdevelopedoutoftheconflictandintegrationofBuddhism’stwomainphilosophicalschools,namely,YogacaraandMadhayamaka.AccordingtoRatnakarasanti’sunderstanding,thetraditionalYogacarathoughtthatwasfoundedandsystematizedbyMaitreya,Asanga,andVasubandhuisfullycompatiblewiththeMiddleWay(madhyama.pratipat)as

简介：Asealisanhistoricalwitness,asymbolofpoweraswellasanimportantculturalrelicforthestudyofhistory.Seeingthosesealsmadeofvariousmaterials,itisverynaturaltowonderhowJamyang(vjamdbyangs)livingBuddhasinpastdynastiesdeveloped

简介：札奇斯钦先生英文论著目录札奇斯钦先生简历及汉文论著目录已在本刊１９９５年第１期发表．现刊补其英文论著目录，计专著４部、论文３６篇，谨供同仁研究参考。—编者一、著作１．《蒙古文化与社会》，与保罗·海尔合著；Ｗｅｓｔｖｉｅｗ出版社，美国宝尔德，１９７９年...

简介：I.Kham(Khams)AreaCultureTheSichuanKhamAreaislocatedbetweenQinghai-TibetPlateau,theSichuanwesternmesaandtheYunnan-GuizhouPlateau.Itsaveragealti-

简介：<正>1,HistoricmeaningoftheReformandOpening-upinTibetThestatusanddestinationofacertainobjectaltogetherformitshistoricmeaning.TounderstandreformandopeningupinTibet,weshouldfirstunderstanditshistoricmeaning.Thereismorethanonethousandyears’writtenhistoryinTibet,andthewholehistoryofTibetcanbesummarizedinto"twosummits"andtwo"fourhundredyears".Thefirstsummitisfromearly7thcenturytomid8thcenturywhenSongtsenGampoestablishedTuboDynasty,communicatedwithTangDynasty,learntfrominlandineconomicandculturalfieldsanddeepenedfriendshipbetweenTibetanandHan.

简介：<正>AsapartofcooperativersearchprojectbeweentheChinaTibetologyResearchCenterandtheAustrianAcademyofSciences,IandDr.NobuchiyoOdani,anemeritusprofessorattheOtaniUniversity,withotherscholarsinKyotoareaincludingprofessorsMasaruAkimoto,YoshifumiHonjoandKazuoKano,arecurrentlyworkingontheSanskritpalmleafmanuscriptofSthiramati’scommentarytotheAbhidharmakosabhasyabyVasubandhu,titledasTattvartha.Ourreadinggrouphasbeenreadingthismanuscript

简介：Historically,theHuarui(dpav-ris)TibetansinhabitedareasincludingTianzhuinGansuProvince,HuangchengtothesouthofGansu,andsomeregionsintheeastofQinghaiProvince.TheexistenceanddevelopmentoftheHuaruitribesalsomaintainedthe