简介：目的为了进一步了解永康市常见致盲眼病情况,更好的开展防盲治盲工作,为政府部门制订防盲计划提供决策依据。方法从2015年7月至2016年7月,我院采用流行病学描述性研究的方法,按1979年全国第二届眼科学术会议提出的WHO标准进行。对象当地城乡常住人口60岁以上不特定人群为主要对象,随机对永康市两个街道、四个乡镇、80余个行政村（自然村）、两所中学、八所小学、两个养老院共一万人次的致盲眼病,进行了流行病学抽样调查研究。结果第一位致盲眼病是白内障;第二位是外伤性陈旧性角膜病变;第三位是全身性基础性疾病引起的眼病,如高血压、糖尿病性眼病变。结论以上眼病是我市当前主要的致盲眼病,是现阶段防盲治盲的重点所在。

简介：目的观察在全身麻醉鼓室成形术前行手术区域利多卡因局部浸润对于术中血流动力学稳定及术后镇痛的效果。方法将60例拟在全身麻醉下行鼓室成形术的患者随机分为2组（n=30）,L组在全身麻醉诱导完成后于手术区域（耳后手术切口及耳道内）行1%利多卡因混合1∶20万肾上腺素10mL多点浸润注射;N组在全身麻醉诱导完成后于手术区域行0.9%生理盐水混合1∶20万肾上腺素10mL多点浸润注射。2组患者麻醉方法相同,记录患者全身麻醉诱导完毕即刻（T1）、切皮时（T2）、耳腔成形时（T3）、出麻醉后监测治疗室（PACU）时（T4）和术后6h（T5）的平均动脉压（MAP）及心率。记录患者PACU内的苏醒时间、镇静评分（Ramesay评分）,记录患者T4和T5的疼痛程度（视觉模拟评分）。结果在T2、T3及T4,L组MAP和心率显著低于N组（P〈0.05）。术后6h2组患者的MAP、心率差异无统计学意义（P值分别为0.143、0.094）。在PACU内,L组Ramesay评分高于N组（P=0.009）。T4、T5的镇痛评分L组显著低于N组（P值分别为0.0002、0.043）。结论全身麻醉鼓室成形术前行手术区域利多卡因局部浸润可明显改善围术期由于创伤应激引起的血流动力学波动,同时减轻患者术后疼痛。

简介：AIM:Tofindouttheoutcomeoflaserphotocoagulationinclinicallysignificantmacularedema(CSME)byopticalcoherencetomography(OCT).·METHODS:Itwasaprospective,non-controlled,caseseriesstudyenrolling81eyesof64patientswithCSMEbetweenAugust2008andJanuary2010.AllpatientsreceivedmodifiedgridphotocoagulationwithfrequencydoubledNd:YAGlaser.Eachpatientwasevaluatedintermsofbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)andregressionorprogressionofmaculopathyafterlasertherapyat1,3and6months.Spearman’scorrelationtestwasusedtoshowthecorrelationbetweenBCVAandtotalmacularvolume(TMV).Analysisofvariance(ANOVA)wasusedtocompareamonggroupsandindependentt-testwasusedtocompareineachgroup.·RESULTS:ThereishighcorrelationbetweenBCVAandTMV(P≤0.001).BCVAimprovedin50.6%,remainedstaticin39.5%anddeterioratedin9.9%patientsafter6monthoftreatment.TheBaselineTMV(meanandSD)were9.26±1.83,10.4±2.38,11.5±3.05,8.89±0.75and9.47±1.98mm3fordifferentOCTpatterns,ST(spongelikethickening),CMO(cystoidmacularedema),SFD(subfovealdetachment),VMIA(Vitreomacularinterfaceabnormality)andaverageTMVrespectively(P=0.04).After6monthsoflasertreatment,themeanTMVdecreasedfrom9.47±1.98mm3to8.77±1.31mm3(P=0.01).InSTtherewassignificantdecreaseinTMV,P=0.01,Furtherwithinthesegroupsat6months,theyweresignificantlydifferent,P=0.01.·CONCLUSION:OCTshowedthedifferentmorphologicalvariantofCSMEwhiletheresponseoftreatmentisdifferent.TMVdecreasedthemostandhenceshowedtheimprovementinvisionafter6monthsoflasertreatment.IntheeraofAntivascularendothelialgrowthfactors(VEGFs),efficacyoflaserseemstobeinshadowbutitisstillfirstlineoftreatmentindevelopingnationlikeNepalwhereantiVEGFsmaynotbeeasilyavailableandaffordable.

简介：AIM:Topresenttheoutcomeofmodifiedgridlaserphotocoagulation(GLP)indiffusediabeticmacularedema(DDME)ineyeswithoutextrafovealand/orvitreofovealtraction.METHODS:InclusioncriteriafortheretrospectivestudywereDDMEeyesofpatientswithtypeⅡdiabetesmellitusthathad≥4monthsoffollow-upfollowingGLP.Onlyoneeyeperpatientwasanalyzed.Using3-Dspectral-domainopticalcoherencetomography(3-DSDOCT),eyesthathadeitherextrafovealorvitreofovealtraction,orhadbeenpreviouslytreatedbyanintravitrealmedication(s)wereexcluded.TreatedDDMEeyesweredividedinto4groups:A)'Classic'DDMEthatinvolvedthecentralmacula;B)edemadidnotinvolvethemacularcenter;C)eyesassociatedwithcentralepiretinalmembrane(ERM);D)DDMEthatwasassociatedwithmacularcapillarydropout≥2disc-diameter(DD).RESULTS:GLPoutcomein35DDMEeyesafter4-24(mean,13.1±6.9)monthswasasfollows:GroupA)18eyeswith'classic'DDME.Followingoneor2(mean,1.2)GLPtreatments,best-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)improvedby1-2Snellenlinesin44.4%(8/18)ofeyes,andworsenedby1linein11.1%(2/18).Centralmacularthickness(CMT)improvedby7%-49%(mean,26.6%)in77.8%(14/18)ofeyes.CausesofCMTworsening(n=4)werecommonlyexplainable,predominantly(n=3)associatedwithemergenceofextrafovealtraction,5-9monthspost-GLP.GroupB)GLP(s)inDDMEthatdidnotinvolvethemacularcenter(n=6)resultedinimprovedBCVAby1-2linesin2eyes.However,thecentralmaculabecameinvolvedintheedemaprocessaftertheGLPin3(50%)eyes,associatedwithanemergenceofextrafovealtractioninoneoftheseeyes4monthsfollowingtheGLP.GroupC)GLPfailedinall5eyesassociatedwithcentralERM.GroupD)GLPwasofpartialbenefitin2of6treatedeyeswithmacularcapillarydropout≥2DD.CONCLUSION:EyeswithDDMEthatinvolvedthemacularcenterwerefoundtoachievefavourableoutcomesafterGLP(s)duringmid-termfollow-up,unlesscomplicatedpre-GLPorpost-GLPbyvltreoretinalinterfaceabnormalities,oftenextrafovealtra