简介：在胸腺的中央忍耐是为删除汽车的主要机制反应T房间。尽管有这，进圆周的自我反应的T淋巴细胞的逃跑揭示汽车免疫的威胁。补偿它的瑕疵，胸腺也与镇压功能生产Foxp3+CD4+CD25+规章的T房间的一个自然地发生的子集，能够控制汽车反应房间。Foxp3(叉头框P3)，为房间的这个子集的系特定的标记，对他们的thymic开发和外部功能关键，并且还Foxp3驾驶的transcriptional程序直到现在大部分未定义。新兴的证据提供了卓见进它的角色：从Foxp3到的能力与象NFAT那样的另外的抄写因素合作，到目标的染色体宽的描述，基因直接由Foxp3跳了并且调整。这里，我们讨论自然地发生的规章的T房间的发现-他们的显型，发展，维护，和功能-大部分当他们被系特定的标记定义，Foxp3。

简介：[目的]建立具有潮霉素B(hygromycinB)抗性的3T3细胞系,用于转染目的基因(pTRE2-human-Ins)的ES阳性细胞克隆筛选的饲养层。[方法]通过脂质体转染的方法,将含有潮霉素B磷酸转移酶基因(hyg)的质粒pHyg导入NIH3T3细胞中,利用潮霉素B的药物选择特性,对转染细胞进行压力筛选,并对其进行PCR和southernblot鉴定。[结果]经300ug/ml的潮霉素B压力筛选后,获得了抗性细胞克隆。抗性NIH3T3细胞的形态和生长速度与正常NIH3T3细胞没有差异,特异性核苷酸引物检测抗性细胞基因组DNA,可以扩增出相应的核苷酸片段,Southernblot鉴定结果表明潮霉素基因片段已整合入潮霉素抗性NIH3T3细胞。[结论]本实验通过脂质体介导的方法成功地培育了潮霉素B抗性的NIH3T3细胞,为进行目的基因(pTRE2-human-Ins)转染ES细胞的阳性细胞克隆筛选打下了基础。

简介：Changesinthedistributionof1P1-antigeninthedevelopingchickretinahavebeenexaminedbyindriectimmunofluorescencestainingtechniqueusingthenovelmonoclonalantibody(MAb)1P1.Expressionofthe1P1antigenwasfoundtoberegulatedinradialaswellasintangentialdimensionoftheretina,beingpreferentiallyorexclusivelylocatedintheinnerandouterplexiformlayersoftheneuralretinadependingonthestagesofdevelopment,Withtheonsetoftheformationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1antigenbecomesexpressedintheretina.Withprogressingdifferentiationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1immunofluorescencerevealed2subbandsatE9and6subandsatE18,Atpostnatalstages(afterP3)immunoreactivitywasreducedinaninside-outsidesequenceleadingtothecompleteabsenceofthe1P1antigeninadulthood.1P1antigenexpressionintheouterplexiformlayerwasalsosubjecttodevelopmentalregulation.Thespation-temporalpatternof1P1antigenexpressionwascorrelatedwiththetimecourseofhistologicaldifferentationofchickretina,namelythesynapserichplexiformlayers.Whetherthe1P1antigenwasfunctionallyinvolvedindendriteextensionandsynapseformationwasdiscussed.

简介：P16ink4是CDK抑制蛋白,参与调控细胞G1期至S期的转换。目前发现P16`（ink4）基因损伤与多种肿瘤的发生、发展有关,可能是功能上非常重要的抑癌基因。为了研究该基因的功能,以及突变对该基因功能的影响,本文应用RT-PCR方法,从Hela细胞中克隆了P16ink4cDNA。扩增得到556bp片段（包括引物两端酶切位点的16bp）克隆于M13载体,测定了其DNA序列。该序列包括了P16ink4cDNA编码区全部471bp,以及3’端69bp序列。表明P16ink4cDNA已成功地得到克隆。

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简介：<正>Asoneofthemostcharacterizedcytokines,interleukin3(IL-3)iswellknownforitssurvivaleffectonbothprogenitorsandmaturebloodcells.Althoughwiththeextensivestudies,thesignalingpathwaysandunderlyingmechanismleadingtosurvivalresponsesofIL-3stillarenotcompletelyunderstood.Recently,anapoptoticgeneticpathwayofC.eleganswassuggestedtobeevolutionallyconservedinthatcontrolsthecytokine-dependentanti-apoptoticresponsesinmammalianhematopoieticcelllineages.Amongthispathway,Ces-2isknowntobethefirstdeathspecificationgeneintheC.eleganspathwayandencodesabZIPfamilytranscriptionalfactorthatsharesthesameDNArecognitionsequencewithanoncoprotein,

简介：hPFTAIRE1(PFTK1)，Cdc2相关的蛋白质kinase，高度在人的大脑被表示。它在Hela房间展出细胞质的分发，尽管它在它的N终点包含二个原子本地化信号(NLS)。到为它的底层和规章的部件的搜索，我们由把全身的hPFTAIRE1用作一个诱饵屏蔽了一个二混血儿的图书馆。四14-3-3isoforms(贝它，epsilon，希腊语字母的第七字，字形物)被识别与hPFTAIRE1交往。我们在hPFTAIRE1发现了一个通常认为的14-3-3绑定一致主题(RHSSPSS)，它与它的第二NLS重叠了。RHSSPSS主题的删除或有在保存有约束力的主题的翼的Ser119的替换废除了在hPFTAIRE1和14-3-3蛋白质之间的特定的相互作用。变异的S120AhPFTAIRE1也显示出一个弱相互作用到14-3-3蛋白质。结果建议Ser119为在hPFTAIRE1和14-3-3蛋白质之间的相互作用是关键的。当熔化了到绿荧光灯的蛋白质(GFP)的C终点时，所有hPFTAIRE1异种在Hela房间和人的neuroblastoma房间(SH-SY5Y)的细胞质散布了，显示有14-3-3蛋白质的那绑定不贡献潜水艇hPFTAIRE1的细胞的本地化，尽管绑定可以涉及它的发信号的规定。

简介：Glucosetransporter4(GLUT4)isresponsibleforinsulin-stimulatedglucosetransportingintotheinsulin-sensitivefatandmusclecells.ThedynamicsofGLUT4storagevesicles(GSVs)remainstobeexploredanditisunclearhowGSVsarearrangedbasedontheirmobility.Weexaminedthisissuein3T3-L1cellsviainvestigatingthethree-dimensionalmobilityofsingleGSVlabeledwithEGFP-fusedGLUT4.Athinlayerofcytosolrightadjacenttotheplasmamembranewasilluminatedandsuccessivelyimagedat5Hzunderatotalinternalreflectionfluorescencemicroscopewithapenetrationdepthof136nm.Employingsingleparticletracking,thethree-dimensionalsubpixeldisplacementofsingleGSVwastrackedataspatialprecisionof22nm.Boththemeansquaredisplacementandthediffusioncoefficientwerecalculatedforeachvesicle.Trackingresultsrevealedthatvesiclesmovedasifrestrictedwithinacagethathasameanradiusof160nm,suggestingthepresenceofsomeintracellulartetheringmatrix.ByconstructingthehistogramofthediffusioncoefficientsofGSVs,weobservedasmoothdistributioninsteadoftheexistenceofdistinctgroups.TheresultindicatesthatGSVsaredynamicallyretainedinacontinuousandwiderangeofmobilityratherthanintoseparateclasses.

简介：WereportedinthismanuscriptthatTGF-β1inducesapoptosisinAML12murinehepatocytes,whichisassociatedwiththeactivationofp38MAPKsignalingpathway.SB202190,aspecificinhibitorofp38MAPK,stronglyinhibitedtheTGF-β1-inducedapoptosisandPAI-1promoteractivity.TreatmentofcellswithTGF-β1activatesp38.Furthermore,over-expressionofdominantnegativemutantp38alsoreducedtheTGF-β1-inducedapoptosis.Thedataindicatethattheactivationofp38isinvolvedinTGF-β1-mediatedgeneexpressionandapoptosis.

简介：目的：研究SOX4和p53蛋白之间的相互作用。方法：应用GSTpull-down、免疫共沉淀实验验证相互作用。结果：GSTpulldown实验证实SOX4能结合GST-p53融合蛋白,但不能结合GST蛋白;免疫共沉淀实验也证明,SOX4与p53能在细胞内发生相互作用。结论：SOX4能与p53发生相互作用,为p53信号通路的研究提供了新的线索。

简介：CT120,anovelmembrane-associatedgeneimplicatedinlungcarcinogenesis,waspreviouslyidentifiedfromchromosome17pl3.3locus,ahotmutationspotinvolvedinhumanmalignancies.Inthepresentstudy,wefurtherdeterminedthatCT120ectopicexpressioncouldpromotecellproliferationactivityofNIH3T3cellsusingMTSassay,andmonitoredthedownstreameffectsofCT120inNIH3T3cellswithAtlasmousecDNAexpressionarrays.Among588knowngenes,133geneswerefoundtobeupregulatedordownregulatedbyCT120.Twomajorsignalingpathwaysinvolvedincellproliferation,cellsurvivalandanti-apoptosiswereoverexpressedandactivatedinresponsetoCT120:OneistheRaf/MEK/ErksignalcascadesandtheotheristhePI3K/Aktsignalcascades,suggestingthatCT120mightcontribute,atleastinpart,totheconstitutivelyactivationofErkandAktinhumanlungcanercells.Inaddition,sometumormetastasisassociatedgenescathepsinB,cathepsinD,cathepsinL,MMP-2/TIMP-2werealsoupregulatedbyCT120,uponwhichCT120mightbeinvolvedintumorinvasivenessandmetastasis.Inaddition,CT120mightplayanimportantroleintumorprogressionthroughmodulatingtheexpressionofsomecandidate“LungTumorProgression”genesincludingB-Raf,Rab-2,BAX,BAG-1,YB-1,andCdc42.

简介：此文荣获“第五届海峡两岸心血管科学研讨会”青年优秀论文二等奖。作者为北京大学医学部生理与病理生理学系吴立玲教授的在职博士生。

简介：Thec-erbB-2proto-oncogeneencodesa185kDaproteinp185,whichbelongstoepidermalgrowthfactorreceptorfamily.Amplificationofthisgenehasbeenshowntocorrelatewithpoorclinicalprognosisforcertaincancerpatients.ThemonoclonalantibodyA21whichdirectedagainstp185specificallyinhibitsproliferationoftumorcellsoverexpressingp185,henceallowsittobeacandidatefortargetedtherapy.InordertoovercomeseveraldrawbacksofmurineMAb,wecloneditsVHandVLgenesandconstructedthesingle-chainFv(scFv)throughapeptidelinker.TherecombinantscFvA21wasexpressedinEscherichiacoliandpurifiedbytheaffinitycolumn.SubsequentlyitwascharacterizedbyELISA,Westernblot,cellimmunohistochemistryandFACS.Alltheseassaysshowedthebindingactivitytoextracellulardomain(ECD)ofp185.BasedonthosepropertiesofscFvA21,wefurtherconstructedthescFv-Fcfusionmoleculewithahomodimerformandtherecombinantproductwasexpressedinmammaliancells.Inaseriesofsubsequentanalysisthisfusionproteinshowedidenticalantigenbindingsiteandactivitywiththeparentantibody.Theseanti-p185engineeredantibodieshavepromisedtobefurthermodifiedasatumortargetingdrugs,withaviewofapplicationinthediagnosisandtreatmentofhumanbreastcancer.

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简介：在真菌感染时,宿主免疫细胞通过模式识别受体（PRR）识别β-葡聚糖等多种病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）引发抗真菌天然免疫。NLR家族中的NLRP3与ASC和caspase-1共同组成NLRP3炎症小体,参与或调控真菌感染。该文就近年来关于NLRP3炎症小体在真菌感染中的作用作一综述。

简介：Galα(1,3)Gal(galepitope)isacarbohydrateepitopeandsynthesizedinlargeamountbyα(1,3)galactosyltransferase[α(1,3)GT]enzymeonthecellsoflowermammaliananimalssuchaspigsandmice.Humanhasnogalepitopeduetotheinactivationofα(1,3)GTgenebutproducesalargeamountofantibodies(anti-Gal)whichrecognizeGalα(1,3)Galstructuresspecifically.Inthisstudy,areplicationdeficientrecombinantadenoviralvectorAd5sGTcontainingpigα(1,3)GTcDNAwasconstructedandcharacterized.Adenoviralvector-mediatedtransferofpigα(1,3)GTgeneintohumantumorcellssuchasmalignantmelanomaA375,stomachcancerSGC-7901,andlungcancerSPC-A-1wasreportedforthefirsttime.ResultsshowedthatGalepitopedidnotincreasethesensitivityofhumantumorcellstohumancomplement-mediatedlysis,althoughhumancomplementactivationandthebindingofhumanIgGandIgMnaturalantibodiestohumantumorcellswereenhancedsignificantlyafterAd5sGTtransduction.AppearanceofgalepitopeonthehumantumorcellschangedtheexpressionofcellsurfacecarbohydratesreactingwithUlexeuropaeusI(UEAI)lectins,Viciavillosaagglutinin(VVA),Arachishypogaeaagglutinin(PNA),andGlycinemaxagglutinin(SBA)todifferentdegrees.Inaddition,noeffectofgalepitopeonthegrowthinvitroofhumantumorcellswasobservedinMTTassay.

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简介：[目的]随着杀虫剂阿维菌素的广泛应用，靶标生物对其抗性问题日益严重。以往的研究显示，细胞膜转运蛋白P糖蛋白可能与抗药性有关。但在昆虫对阿维菌素的抗性研究中，由于目前市场上缺少专门针对昆虫的商业化抗体，使得这一研究受限。为此，本研究尝试应用其他物种的抗体开展P糖蛋白的检测。[方法]以果蝇为测试昆虫，以阿维菌素作为测试药物，采用免疫印迹方法用鼠抗人P糖蛋白单克隆抗体检测阿维菌素敏感品系与阿维菌素抗性品系果蝇中的P糖蛋白的表达水平。[结果]检测出果蝇体内P糖蛋白的特异性表达，且无明显非特异性条带；与敏感品系果蝇相比，阿维菌素抗性品系果蝇P糖蛋白的表达水平明显升高。[结论]用针对人及其他脊椎动物的P糖蛋白单克隆抗体检测果蝇P糖蛋白的表达可行，且果蝇对阿维菌素的抗性可能与P糖蛋白的表达升高有关。

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