简介：TheeffortonelectrochemicalreductionofCO2tousefulchemicalsusingtherenewableenergytodrivetheprocessisgrowingfastrecently.Inthisreview,weintroducetherecentprogressesontheelectrochemicalreductionofCO2insolidoxideelectrolysiscells（SOECs）.Athightemperature,onlyCOisproducedwithhighcurrentdensitiesandFaradicefficiencywhilethereactoriscomplicatedandabettersealingtechniqueisurgentlyneeded.Thetypicalelectrolytessuchaszirconia-basedoxides,ceria-basedoxidesandlanthanumgallates-basedoxides,anodesandcathodesareintroducedinthisreview,andthecathodematerials,suchasconventionalmetal–ceramics（cermets）,mixedionicandelectronicconductors（MIECs）arediscussedindetail.Inthefuture,togainmorevalue-addedproducts,theelectrolyte,cathodeandanodematerialsshouldbedevelopedtoallowSOECstobeoperatedattemperaturerangeof573–873K.Atthosetemperatures,SOECsmaycombinetheadvantagesofthelowtemperaturesystemandthehightemperaturesystemtoproducevariousproductswithhighcurrentdensities.

简介：Inordertosuccessivelycompetewithsupercapacitors,anabilityoffastdischargeisamustforlithium-ionbatteries.Fromthispointofview,stoichiometricandsubstitutedlithiummanganesespinelsascathodematerialsareoneofthemostprospectivecandidates,especiallyintheirnanosizedform.Inthisarticle,anoverviewofthemostrecentdataregardingphysico-chemicalandelectrochemicalpropertiesoflithiummanganesespinels,especially,LiMn2O4andLiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,synthesizedbymeansofvariousmethodsispresented,withspecialemphasisoftheiruseinhigh-rateelectrochemicalapplications.Inparticular,specificcapacitiesandratecapabilitiesofspinelmaterialsareanalyzed.Itissuggestedthatreducedspecificcapacityisdeterminedprimarilybytheaggregationofmaterialparticles,whereasgoodhigh-ratecapabilityisgovernednotonlybythesizeofcrystallitesbutalsobytheperfectnessofcrystals.Themosttechnologicallyadvantageoussolutionsaredescribed,existinggapsintheknowledgeofspinelmaterialsareoutlined,andthewaysoftheirfillingaresuggested,inahopetobehelpfulinkeepinglithiumbatteriesafloatinthestruggleforaworthyplaceamongelectrochemicalenergysystemsofthe21stcentury.

简介：电解质和阳离子的影响上的钢酒吧腐蚀被调查。Ca的三电解质(哦)2，有12.5的pH层次的NaOH和KOH，11.5，10.5，9.5，同时，8.5被准备免费腐蚀潜力和电气化学的阻抗系列(EIS)的方法被用来在电解质在钢酒吧的depassivation上评估阳离子的影响。试验性的结果显示钢工具条的起始的腐蚀pH值被阳离子在电解质影响，在电解质的K+的影响是最显著的，由Na+和Ca2+列在后面。起始的腐蚀pH价值在KOH电解质是10.5，9.5在NaOH电解质并且在Ca比8.5降低(哦)2电解质。

简介：TheconstructionofadsorptivetypeC60modifiedelectrodeanditselectrochemicalreductionandoxidationbehaviorinaqueoussolutionsaredescribedinthisreport.Fourpairsofone-electrontransferreductionandoxidationcyclicvoltammetryisobtainedinaqueoussolutioncontaining30%CH3CNand2%(C2H5)4NOH.ItisreportedinthispaperthattheC60modifiedelectrodealsocatalyzestheelectrochemicalreductionofdissolvedoxygenin40%DMFand2%(C2H5)4NOHaqueoussolutionandthismightopenanewfieldforthepotentialapplicationsofC60inelectrochemistryandelectroaualyticalchemistry.

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简介：SnO2preparedwiththesol-geltechniqueatdifferenttemperatureswasusedasananodematerialofthelithium-ionbattery.Weobtainedthequalititaverelationshipbetweentheelectrochemicalperformanceoftinoxideanodematerialandeachofitscarboncomponent,particlesize,structureandsurfacemorphologyindetail.ItwasfoundthatthebestelectrochemicalperformancecanbereachedbycontrollingthephysicalcharacteristicsofSnO2,whichwasaffectedgreatlybythetreatmenttemperature.TheSnO2obtainedat600℃waspure.Whenitwasusedastheanodematerialofthelithium-ionbattery,itdemonstratedahighinitialspecificcapacityof770mA·h/g.

简介：TherecentdevelopmentofCu-basedelectrocatalystsforelectrochemicalreductionofcarbondioxide（CO2）hasattractedmuchattentionduetotheiruniqueactivityandselectivitycomparedtoothermetalcatalysts.Particularly,CuistheuniqueelectrocatalystforCO2electrochemicalreductionwithhighselectivitytogenerateavarietyofhydrocarbons.Inthisreview,wemainlysummarizetherecentadvancesontherationaldesignofCunanostructures,thecompositionregulationofCu-basedalloys,andtheexploitationofadvancedsupportsforimprovingthecatalyticactivityandselectivitytowardelectrochemicalreductionofCO2.ThespecialfocusistodemonstratehowtoenhancetheactivityandselectivityofCubasedelectrocatalystforCO2reduction.TheperspectivesandchallengesforthedevelopmentofCu-basedelectrocatalystsarealsoaddressed.WehopethisreviewcanprovidetimelyandvaluableinsightsintothedesignofadvancedelectrocatalyticmaterialsforCO2electrochemicalreduction.

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简介：Auniversalsimulatorcapableofsimulatingvirtuallyanyuser-definedelectrochemical/chemicalproblemsinone-dimensionaldiffusiongeometrywasdevelopedbasedonanexponentiallyexpandinggridmodificationoftheexistingnetworkapproach.Somegeneralizedreaction-diffusiongoverningequationsofanarbitraryelectrochemical/chemicalprocesswerederived,andprogramcontrolledautomaticgenerationofthecorrespondingPSPICEnetlistfilewasrealized.Onthebasisoftheabovetechniques,auniversalsimulatorpackagewasrealized,whichiscapableofdealingwitharbitrarilycomplexelectrochemical/chemicalproblemswithone-dimensionaldiffusiongeometrysuchasplanardiffusion,sphericaldiffusion,cylindricaldiffusionandrotationaldiskdiffusion-convectionprocesses.Thebuildingofsuchasimulatoriseasyandthusitwouldbeveryconvenienttohaveitupdatedforsimulationsofnewlyraisedelectrochemicalproblems.

简介：Neutrondetectorbasedonperforatedsiliconstructuresbackfilledwithneutronconvertingmaterialscouldbeoperatedatalowvoltageandimprovesthedetectionefficiencyofthermalneutron.Itisfoundthattheintrinsicdetectionefficiencyofthermalneutronisaffectedbyalotoffactorssuchasthegeometry,size,anddepthoftheperforationandsoon.Inthisstudy,theperforatedsiliconwaspreparedbyelectrochemicaletching.Effectofetchingcurrentongeometry,size,anddepthoftheperforatedsiliconstructuresforneutrondetectorswasalsoreported.

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简介：Nickelhydroxidedopedwithmulti-wallcarbonnanotubes(MCNTs)wassynthesizedbychemicalcoprecipitationmethod.TheMCNTsdopednickelhydroxidewasusedastheelectrochemicalactivematerialinthepositiveelectrodesofrechargeablealkalinebatteries.ThepowderX-raydiffraction(XRD)analysisshowsthattheadditionofMCNTsinducesmorestructuraldefectwithinthecrystallatticeofthenickelhydroxide.Thecyclicvoltammetry(CV)andelectrochemicalimpedancespectroscopy(EIS)testsdemonstratethebetterreactionreversibilityandlowerelectrochemicalimpedanceofMCNTsdopednickelhydroxideascomparedwiththepurenickelhydroxide.Thecharge/dischargetestsshowthatMCNTsadditioncanimprovethespecificdischargecapacityandincreasethedischargevoltageofthenickelhydroxideelectrode.

简介：Byutilizinghardtemplatemethodtoadjustthemesoporelength,andalkaliactivationtogeneratemicropores,twohierarchicalporouscarbons(HPCs)wereprepared.Withcontrollingoftheirmesoporelengthandtheactivationconditions,thecomplexsystemcomposedbyHPCsandelectrolytewassimplifiedandtheeffectofmesoporelengthontheperformanceofHPCsaselectrodesinsupercapacitorswasinvestigated.Itisfoundthatwiththemesoporelengthgettingsmaller,theorderedareagetssmallerandthaggregationoccurs,whichiscausedbythehighsurfaceenergyofsmallgrains.HPCwithlongpore(HPCL)exhibitsadonut-likemorphologywithwell-definedorderedmesoporesandaregularorientationwhileinHPCwithshortpores(HPCS),shortmesoporesareonlyorderlydistributedinsmallregionsLongerorderedchannelsformunobstructedwaysforionstransportintheparticleswhileshorterchannels,onlyorderlydistributedinsmallareas,resultsinblockedpaths,whichmayhindertheelectrolytionstransport.Duetotheunobstructedstructure,HPCLexhibitsgoodratecapabilitywithacapacitancretentionrateover86%ascurrentdensityincreasingfrom50mA/gto1000mA/g.ThespecificcapacitanceofHPCLderivedfromthecyclicvoltammetrytestat10mV/sisupto201.72F/g,whilethespecificapacitanceofHPCSisonly193.65F/g.

简介：稳固的TiO2的电气化学的减小直接是当前的克罗尔过程的一种有希望的选择到稳固的金属。现在的工作针对在电气化学的减小的率上学习电解电压的效果。TiO2和Ti2O的电气化学的减小的产品用扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)和X光检查衍射(XRD)被检验技术。结果证明Ti2O在1.51.7V被归结为低valent钛氧化物，它是氧的电离的结果。TiO2和Ti2O在2.13.1V被归结为钛金属，它是协力氧和calciothermic减小的电离。氧内容很快减少了，电压从2.1～2.6V增加，当它从2.6～3.1V改变了很少时。优化房间电压是2.63.1V。

简介：降级系数被建议由直接分析电气化学的阻抗光谱学(EIS)的Bode阴谋评估器官的涂层的降级度数据。这份报纸由EIS和降级系数值调查了酉分的环氧基树脂涂层/洋铁系统的降级，它在10Hz与断点频率和阶段角度的变化的结果相关很好。而且，降级过程被扫描电子显微镜(SEM)并且扫描探查显微镜学(SPM)证实。降级系数能在实际应用被用于器官的涂层的降级度的快评估，这被结束。

简介：Inordertodecreasetheconsumptionofreagentsandsiliconduringremovalofsurfacecontaminationbeforesilicontexturinginsolarcellmanufacturingindustry,anewlow-costsurfacetreatmentapproachofelectrochemicalcleaningtechnique(ECT)isreported.Inthistechnique,apowerfuloxidizingelectrolytewasobtainedfromtheelectrochemicalreactiononBoron-dopedDiamond(BDD)electrodes,andappliedduringremovalofsurfacecontaminationsonsiliconwafersurfaces.Theslightlypolishedmonocrystallinesiliconsurfacesaftercleaningwerecomparedwiththeonesofprimalsiliconwafers.ThemeasurementresultsshowthatECTisquiteefficientinremovingNaClandorganiccontaminants.Aftercleaning,thecontrasttestwasconductedforthetexturedsiliconwaferswith/withoutpre-treatment(polish)separately.Theresultsshowthatthesizeofpyramidsonthesurfacewithouttraditionalpolishingprocessishomogeneousandsmallerthan4μm,andtheaveragesurfacereflectanceismuchlowerinthewavelengthrangefrom400nmto800nm.Therefore,thenewtechniquecansavesiliconmaterial,andeffectivelyavoidopticallossesforimprovingphotoconversioneffectofsolarcells.

简介：NanoporousanataseTiO2(np-TiO2)electrodeshavebeendevelopedviatheanodizationoftitaniumfoilsinfluoridecontainingelectrolytes,anditsapplicationinrechargeablelithium-ionbatteries(LIBs)wasinvestigated.Fourdifferenttypesofnp-TiO2electrodeswithdifferentporediametersof14.7±8.2nm,12.8±6.8nm,11.0±5.5,and26.7±13.6nmwerefabricatedforevaluatingtheeffectofnanoporouscharacteristicsontheLIBperformance.Thedischargecapacityofthefourbatterytypes1,2,3,and4were132.7mAhg-1,316.7mAhg-1,154.3mAhg-1,and228.4mAhg-1,respectively.Inaddition,theseelectrodes1,2,3,and4exhibitedreversiblecapacityof106.9mAhg-1after295th,180.9mAhg-1after220th,126.1mAhg-1after150th,and206.7mAhg-1after85thcycleatarateof1C,respectively.Itwasnotedthatthecycliclifeofthebatterieshadaninverserelationship,andthecapacityhadaproportionalrelationshiptotheporediameter.Theenhancedelectrochemicalperformanceofthenanoporouselectrodescanbeattributedtotheimprovedconductivityandtheenhancedkineticsoflithiuminsertion/extractionatelectrode/electrolyteinterfacesbecauseofthelargespecificsurfaceareaofnp-TiO2electrodes.

简介：基于Mg的氢存储合金MgNi，Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni，和Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni成功地借助于机械alloying(麻省)被准备。结构和这些基于Mg的材料的电气化学的特征被学习。X光检查衍射(XRD)结果证明合金的主要阶段展出非结晶的结构。扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)相片证明Ti和Zr的粒子尺寸代替了合金是在直径的大约24m。合金的周期生活被增加Ti和Zr延长。在50个费用分泌物周期以后，Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni的分泌物能力比MgNi合金的高是91.74%并且37.96%比Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni的高合金。为电极能力腐烂的主要原因是Mg的形成(哦)2(Mg腐蚀的产品)在合金的表面。potentiodynamic极化结果显示做的Ti和Zr在一个碱的答案改进耐蚀。电气化学的阻抗光谱学(EIS)结果建议做的Ti和Zr的那合适的数量显著地改进电气化学的催化活动。

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