简介：ThetimeseriesofcoordinatesofalargenumberofGPSstationsintheworld,processedbyProf.GeoffreyBlewittwithGIPSYsoftwareareavailableathttp://geodesy.unr.edu.BasedonthetimeseriesofcoordinatesintheglobalreferenceframeofIGS08atmorethan250stationsofcontinuousGPSobservations,downloadedfromthewebsite,theco-seismicdisplacementsoftheM7.3KyushuearthquakeonApril16,2016inJapanandthepre-seismicstrainaccumulationsanddisplacementsintheregionalreferenceframewereobtained.ThestationofcontinuousGPSobservationatBJFSnearBeijinghasbeenquitestableindisplacementintheeasternpartofChinaformorethan17yearssincethebeginningofitsoperation,andthisstationisusedasthecorestationintheregionalreferenceframeforthepre-seismicdisplacementoftheKyushuearthquakeofM7.3.Themainfeatureofthepre-seismicdisplacementsoftheKyushuearthquakeischaracterizedbylockinginthecrustatandneartheepicenter.Theanomalouspre-seismicstrainaccumulationdevelopedinanareaofanomalousaccumulationoftheshearstraincomponentofγ1onthenortheastsideoftheepicenter,withincreasingsizeoftheareaandincreasingmagnitudeinγ1.Thelargestareacoveredbytheanomalousγ1isabout2000km2.ThechangeintheEcomponentatBJFSsinceNovember26,2015wascausedbythereplacementofthereceiverandtheantennaatthestation.Inordertostudytheshort-termchangeindisplacementsatstationsatandneartheepicenter,thetimeseriesat3stationswithcontinuousGPSobservations,2atSUWNandDAEJinsouthKoreaand1atBJSHnearBeijingwereanalyzed.Theanalysisshowsthatthedisplacementsatthe3stationshavebeenquitestableinthesamemannerineastAsia.Thus,BJSHisusedasthecorestationintheregionalreferenceframeofdisplacementandthedisplacementtimeseriesshowthattherewerenosignificantshorttermanomaliesbeforetheearthquake

简介：地震发生后，强震动观测台网可以获取灾区分布式台站位置的强震动记录，通过基于这些强震动记录得到的地震动参数可以快速地评估地震烈度的空间分布，以迅速判定不同地区的受灾程度，尤其是地震极震区的分布范围，为政府开展应急救援并合理地分配救援力量、物资等提供依据，以保证救援人员及时、准确地到达极震区展开搜救工作，减少人民群众的生命财产损失。本文介绍了国内外7种地震仪器的烈度计算方法，基于四川九寨沟M7．0级地震获取的强震动记录，对这7种方法的计算烈度值进行了对比分析。结果表明，各方法计算的仪器烈度与宏观烈度的差值均在1度误差范围以内，均显示了良好的实用性，且行业标准法和综合判别法两者的计算结果较为一致。

简介：Basedontheelasticdislocationtheory,multilayeredcrustalmodel,andrupturemodelobtainedbyseismicwaveforminversion,wecalculatedthecoandpost-seismicsurfacedeformationandgravitychangescausedbytheYushuMW6.9earthquakeoccurredonApril14,2010.TheobservedGPSvelocityfieldandgravityfieldinYushuareasaredisturbedbythecoandpost-seismiceffectsinducedbyYushuearthquake,thusthetheoreticalcoandpost-seismicdeformationandgravitychangeswillprovideimportantmodificationforthebackgroundtectonicmovementofYushuandsurroundingregions.ThetimerelaxationresultsshowthattheinfluencesofYushuearthquakeonYushuandsurroundingareaswilllastaslongas30to50years.Themaximumhorizontaldisplacement,verticalupliftandsettlementareabout1.96,0.27and0.16m,respectively,themaximalpositiveandnegativevalueofgravitychangesare8.892×10-7m·s-2and-4.861×10-7m·s-2,respectively.Significantspatialvariationscanbefoundonthecoandpost-seismiceffects:Theco-seismiceffectmainlyconcentratesintheregionneartherupturefault,whileviscoelasticrelaxationmostlyactsonthefarfield.Therefore,whenusingthegeodeticdatatoresearchtectonicmotion,weshouldnotonlyconsidertheeffectofco-seismiccausedbyearthquake,butalsopayattentiontotheeffectofviscoelasticrelaxation.

简介：TheregionaltectonicbackgroundandcharacteristicsofactivefaultsoftheYutianMS7.3earthquakeonFebruary12,2014arediscussedinthispaper.AftertheanalysisoftheepicenterareaoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014andthefocalmechanismsoftheformerstrongearthquakesaroundit,theauthorsdeducedthattheseismogenicfaultoftheMS7.3earthquakeistheeastbranchoftheAshikulefault.TheMS7.3earthquakein2014andtheMS7.3earthquakein2008aretwostrongearthquakeeventsonthedifferentsectionsoftheAltunTaghfault,wherethefaultbehaviorchangesfromsinistralsliptonormalfaultingbecauseoftheextensionaltaileffectsinthesouthernendoftheAltunTaghfault.ItisconcludedthatthetwoMS7.3earthquakeshavethesamedynamicsource,andtheMS7.3earthquakein2008promotedtheoccurrenceoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014.Finally,wecalculatetheCoulombstresschangetotheseismogenicfaultoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014fromtheMS7.3earthquakein2008usingthelayeredcrustmodel.TheresultalsoshowsthattheMS7.3earthquakein2008acceleratedtheoccurrenceoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014.

简介：江苏高邮、宝应Ms4．9级地震在极震区造成了数10间农村民居不同程度和不同方式的破坏，出现人员伤亡。震后对地震灾害现场进行震害调查与破坏原因研究，典型的震害特征包括砖砌体、砖木和砖混结构房屋局部倾倒、墙体贯通开裂、房顶瓦片掀翻和烟囱倒塌等。农村民居遭到破坏的主要因素包括：选址不当、施工质量较差、砂浆强度不够、缺少圈梁和构造柱等。同时，分析了竖向地震作用和鞭梢效应等地震效应，讨论了砖砌体和砖混结构抗震设计的加固方法和改善抗震性能的构造措施等，为农村民居的抗震设防和减轻震害损失等提供参考。

简介：在对内蒙古形变台网观测环境、观测系统、观测质量、预报与应用、观测效能各方面综合评价监测效能的基础上，对观测资料的精度进行了延续性评定。客观准确评定、计算观测资料序列的精度指标是为了更好地使用资料和维护系统的正常运行。以M2波潮汐因子为基础对观测资料做量化评定，更注重观测手段的科学性与在地震监测中的实用性。

简介：AM_L3.8earthquakeoccurredonFebruary23,2014inRongchangCounty,whichislocatedatthesouthernedgeoftheSichuanBasinintheborderareabetweenSichuanandChongqing.ThispaperpresentsresultsoffocalmechanismsolutionofthisearthquakeusingtheCAP(cutandpaste)methodbasedonbroadbandseismogramsrecordedbyregionalseismicstations.OurresultsshowthatthemomentmagnitudeisM_W3.09andfocaldepthis3km.ThehypocenterofthisearthquakeislocatedclosetoaburiedfaultintheLuoguangshananticline.Oilprospectinganddeepdrillingdataindicatethatthisburiedfaultisathrustfault,strikingSW230°,dippingNW45°,and1.7kmdeep.Therearesomeinjectionwellswithintheanticline,andsignificantinjection-inducedearthquakeswereobservedduringtheperiodsofinjectionofwastewaterintothedeepformationsthroughthosewells.ThebestdoublecouplesolutionoftheM_L3.8earthquakeis247°,48°and104°forstrike,dipandrate,respectively,foronenodalplane(and46°,44°and74°foranothernodalplane),whichisinagreementwiththegeometryoftheburiedfault.Therefore,weconcludethattheM_L3.8Rongchangearthquakeispossiblytheresultoffaultingalongtheburiedreversefaultinducedbywaterinjectionunderthecompressivestressregimeinthearea.

简介：EarthquakesofM_S5.6andM_S6.1occurredinYingjiang,YunnanonMay24andMay30,2014respectively.Inthispaper,weusethewaveformdatarecordedbymobileseismicstations(KAC)whichweresetupinthesourceareaaftertheYingjiangMS5.6earthquakeonMay24,2014tostudytheshear-wavesplittingcharacteristicsofYingjiangM_S6.1earthquakesequencewiththeSAMmethod.Theresultshowsthatpredominantpolarizationoffastshear-wavesbeforetheM_S6.1earthquakeisconsistentwiththedirectionofregionalprincipalcompressivestress,andpredominantpolarizationoffastshear-wavesbeforetheM_S6.1earthquakeshowbetterconsistencyandsmallerdispersioncomparedtoaftertheM_S6.1earthquake,andtheremaybeadeflectionforthefastshearwavespredominantpolarizationbetweentheM_S6.1earthquakesequenceandforeshocksequence.Wefoundthatthetime-delaysgenerallyexhibitedalowerlevelbeforetheM_S6.1earthquakeandarelativelyhighervalueaftertheM_S6.1earthquake.

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简介：本文研究了1920年以来,云南地区M_s≥4.7级地震的时间序列及空间分布的特征标度。结果表明,当区内M_s≥4.7级地震在时间序列上出现我们定义的平静段和活跃段后,分别于418天和312天内即可能发生6级以上地震,对应率分别为71％和87％,1920年以来云南11次M_s≥6.8级地震前,出现活跃和平静特征标度的各5次。在空间上绝大多数(80％)大震震中处于我们所定义的长时间大范围空白缺震背景区或相对少震区内,仅少数(20％)位于4.7级以上地震相对密集区内或附近。4.7级以上地震上述时间序列及空间分布特征标度,可以作为云南6级,特别是6.8级以上地震中期或短期预测的判据和指标。同时可以看出,云南6级以上地震前,4.7级以上地震在时空演变上,经历了从无序到有序的演化过程。

简介：StaticCoulombstresschangeinducedbyearthquakeslipisfrequentlyusedtoexplainearthquakeactivitiesandaftershockdistribution.However,someparametersfortheCoulombstresscalculationareunabletobewellconstrainedfromlaboratoryexperimentsandfieldobservations.DifferentparametersmaydirectlyaffectthepatternofstaticCoulombstress.ThestaticCoulombstresschangesinducedbytheWenchuanearthquakecalculatedbysixresearchgroupsarenotconsistentwitheachother.Toinvestigatehowtheparametersaffectthecalculationresults,wechangetheparametersinturnthroughmodelingandcomparetheresultsofdifferentcalculationparameters.Wefindthatgravity,positionandstrikeofreceiverfaultshavelittleinfluenceoncoseismicCoulombstresscalculations,butotherparameterscanchangethevalueandsignoftheresultsinvariousdegreesespeciallyaroundtheearthquakeruptureplane.ThereforetheuncertaintyanalysisofstaticCoulombstresschangeinducedbyearthquakeshouldbetakenintoconsiderationintheearthquakehazardanalysis.

简介：WeretrospectivelyanalyzedthetemporalandspatialvariationsoffourdifferentphysicalparameterscharacterizingthestateoftheatmosphereandionosphereseveraldaysbeforetheM9Tohoku,JapanearthquakeofMarch11,2011.Thedataincludeoutgoinglongwaveradiation(OLR),GPS/TEC,lowerEarthorbitionospherictomographyandcriticalfrequencyfoF2.OurfirstresultsshowthatonMarch7tharapidincreaseofemittedinfraredradiationwasobservedfromthesatellitedataandananomalydevelopedneartheepicenter.TheGPS/TECdataindicateanincreaseandvariationinelectrondensityreachingamaximumvalueonMarch8.StartingfromthisdayinthelowerionospherealsotherewasconfirmedanabnormalTECvariationovertheepicenter.FromMarch3to11alargeincreaseinelectronconcentrationwasrecordedatallfourJapaneseground-basedionosondes,whichreturnedtonormalafterthemainearthquake.ThejointpreliminaryanalysisofatmosphericandionosphericparametersduringtheM9Tohoku,Japanearthquakehasrevealedthepresenceofrelatedvariationsoftheseparametersimplyingtheirconnectionwiththeearthquakeprocess.Thisstudymayleadtoabetterunderstandingoftheresponseoftheatmosphere/ionospheretothegreatTohokuearthquake.

简介：The2009MW7.8Fiordland(NewZealand)earthquakeisthelargesttohaveoccurredinNewZealandsincethe1931MW7.8Hawke'sBayearthquake,1000kmtothenorthwest.InthispapertwotracksofALOSPALSARinterferograms(oneascendingandonedescending)areusedtodeterminefaultgeometryandslipdistributionofthislargeearthquake.Modelingtheeventasdislocationinanelastichalf-spacesuggeststhattheearthquakeresultedfromsliponaSSW-NNEorientatedthrustfaultthatisassociatedwiththesubductionbetweenthePacificandAustralianPlates,withobliquedisplacementofupto6.3m.ThisfindingisconsistentwiththepreliminarystudiesundertakenbytheUSGSusingseismicdata.

简介：ThegreatSanhe-PingguM8earthquakeoccurredin1679wasthelargestsurfaceruptureeventrecordedinhistoryinthenorthernpartofNorthChinaplain.Thisstudydeterminesthefaultgeometryofthisearthquakebyinvertingseismologicaldataofpresent-daymoderate-smallearthquakesinthefocalarea.Werelocatedthoseearthquakeswiththedouble-differencemethod.Basedontheassumptionthatclusteredsmallearthquakesoftenoccurinthevicinityoffaultplaneoflargeearthquake,andreferringtothemorphologyofthelongaxisoftheisoseismallineobtainedbythepredecessors,weselectedastrip-shapedzonefromtherelocatedearthquakecatalogintheperiodfrom1980to2009toinvertfaultplaneparametersofthisearthquake.Theinversionresultsareasfollows:thestrikeis38.23°,thedipangleis82.54°,theslipangleis-156.08°,thefaultlengthisabout80km,thelower-boundarydepthisabout23kmandtheburieddepthofupperboundaryisabout3km.ThisshowsthattheseismogenicfaultisaNNE-trendingnormaldip-slipfault,southeastwalldownwardandnorthwestwalluplift,withtheright-lateralstrike-slipcomponent.Moreover,thesurfacerupturezone,intensitydistributionoftheearthquakeandseismic-wavevelocityprofileinthefocalareaallverifiedourstudyresult.

简介：为了核实赤峰1号井2014年初气汞异常现象,安装ATG-6138M测汞仪与原DFG-B测汞仪进行对比观测。ATG-6138M测汞仪观测到赤峰1号井房内空气汞浓度明显高于井孔内逸出汞浓度,表明观测井房可能存在汞污染问题。两台仪器同步观测井孔内逸出气汞浓度结果表明,ATG-6138M测汞仪测试结果稳定,动态清晰,而DFG-B测汞仪观测误差较大。对比DFG-B测汞仪与ATG-6138M测汞仪校准结果认为,DFG-B测汞仪已不能正常观测汞浓度的变化,存在捕汞管老化等仪器问题。综合分析表明,赤峰1号井DFG-B测汞仪存在环境汞污染和仪器老化等因素,且集气装置不符合地震行业标准技术要求,2014年初出现的气汞浓度异常信度不高,不能作为与地震孕育有关的前兆异常信息。

简介：Near-fieldstronggroundmotionsareusefulforengineeringseismologystudiesandseismicdesign,butdenseobservationnetworksofdamagingearthquakesarestillrare.Inthisstudy,basedonthestrong-motiondatafromtheMw6.6Lushanearthquake,thegroundmotionparametersindifferentspatialregionsaresystematicallyanalyzed,andthecontributionsfromdifferenteffects,likethehanging-walleffect,directivityeffect,andattenuationeffectareseparatedtotheextentpossible.DifferentengineeringparametersfromtheobservedgroundmotionsarecomparedwiththelocaldesignresponsespectraandanewattenuationrelationofWesternChina.Generalresultsindicatethatthehighfrequencygroundmotion,likethepeakgroundacceleration,ontwosidesofthefaultplaneissensitivetothehanging-walleffect,whereasthelowfrequencygroundmotion,likethelongperiodspectralacceleration,intherupturepropagationdirectionisaffectedbythedirectivityeffect.Moreover,althoughtheMw6.6Lushanearthquakeisnotalargemagnitudeevent,thespatialdifferenceofgroundmotionisstillobvious;thus,forathrustfaultingearthquake,inadditiontothehangingeffect,thedirectivityeffectshouldalsobeconsidered.

简介：OnJuly22,2013,theMinxian-ZhangxianM_S6.6earthquakeoccurredontheeastsegmentofLintan-Dangchangfault.TheanalysisofdigitalelevationandremotesensingimagingshowsthattheeastsegmentofLintan-Dangchangfaultisstillactiveandthemainthrustfeatureofthefaultswitchestoleftlateralslip.Withthefieldresearchofintensityanddamage,severalabnormalareasofdegreeⅧspreadintheisoseismallineofdegreeⅦandsomeabnormalareasofdegreeⅦspreadintheisoseismallineofdegreeⅥ.Theseabnormalareasaredistributedalongthehangingwallofthefaultinawidthof2km.TheanalysisbasedontheremotesensinganddigitalelevationmodelshowsthatthesegmentoftheLintan-DangchangfaultsouthofMinxianmainlyslipsinleftliteral.Thefaultmovementmadethesoilsoftinthefaultzone.Theearthquakemotionpropagatedalongthefaultzone.Thereforethestrongearthquakemotioncausedfoundationfailureinthesoftsoilalongthefaultzoneandtheabnormalintenseareasofdisasterformed.

简介：OnthebasisofthepreviousstudiesofthelayeredcrustalmodelintheYutianarea,combinedwiththefieldGPScontinuousobservationdata,weroughlyestimatetheviscouscoefficientofeachlayer.Withtheviscoelastichorizontallayermodel,wecalculatetheviscoelasticco-seismicCoulombstresschangecausedbytheYutianM_S7.3earthquakes2008and2014respectively.BasedontheCoulombstresschange,usingthecalculationmethodof"direct"aftershockfrequency,wecomeupwiththetheoreticalearthquakefrequencydirectlyrelatedtothemainshockandtheco-seismicCoulombstresschangeinthestudyarea.Thenweputforwardamethod,basedonthecomparisonoftheoreticalandactualearthquakefrequencyorthecomparisonbetweentheoreticalandpracticalearthquakefrequency-distancedecaycurvefittingresiduals,toestimatethemagnitudeofamaximumsequentearthquake,directlyrelatedtothemainshockco-seismicCoulombstresschange.Resultscalculatedbydifferentmethodsshowthatthemaximumfollow-upearthquakemagnitudecausedbythecoseismicCoulombstresschangeliesfromM_S7.2toM_S7.5followingYutianM_S7.3earthquakein2008;butthatofthe2014YutianM_S7.3earthquakeisM_S6.3.TheformerisveryclosetotheYutianM_S7.3earthquakein2014.Becauseofthesamemagnitude,relativelyclosespatialdistance,shorttimeinterval,thesameregionoftheexternalforce,thestrongcorrelationbetweentwoseismictectonicandaclearstressinteraction,wethusconsiderthatthetwoYutianM_S7.3earthquakesin2008and2014constituteapairofgeneralizeddoubleshocktypeearthquake.Thisisconsistentwiththesequencetypecharacteristicofpast"doubleshock"earthquakesintheregion.Inthispaper,theinfluenceofthemagnitudelowerlimitandtheb-valueintherelationshipofG-Rontheresultsisdiscussed.Asaresult,whentheviscoelasticcoseismicCoulombstressvariationisdetermined,thelowerlimitofmagnitudehaslittleeffectonthemaximumsequentearthquakemagnitude

简介：本文收集了青藏高原区7级以上以走滑为主的30个地震的地表破裂参数资料,拟合出了青藏高原区新的震级与破裂带长度统计关系式,并结合前人的统计关系式,分别通过破裂带长度估算震级,求出了估算震级与仪器震级的差值。同时将差值为正值（即估算震级偏大）的归为一类,差值为负值（估算震级偏小）的归为另一类,做了分析和对比。研究发现,差值为正值的地震所处的走滑断裂带一般位于一级块体或次级块体的边界断裂带上;差值为负值的地震所处的走滑断裂带大多位于一级块体或次级块体内部断裂带或断裂带的交汇处。基于上述分类的差异,作者对不同回归关系计算的差值数据进行了统计分析,分别给出了修正计算结果不确定性的参考值,为降低估算震级的不确定性提供了理论依据。

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