简介:Nitrobenzene-containingindustrialwastewaterwasdegradedinthepresenceofozonecoupledwithH2O2byhighgravitytechnology.Theeffectofhighgravityfactor,H2O2concentration,pHvalue,liquidflow-rate,andreactiontimeontheefficiencyforremovalofnitrobenzenewasinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthehighgravitytechnologyenhancestheozoneutilizationefficiencywithO3/H2O2showingsynergisticeffect.ThedegradationefficiencyintermsoftheCODremovalrateandnitrobenzeneremovalratereached45.8%and50.4%,respectively,underthefollowingreactionconditions,viz.:ahighgravityfactorof66.54,apHvalueof9,aH2O2/O3molarratioof1:1,aliquidflowrateof140L/h,anozoneconcentrationof40mg/L,aH2O2multipledosingmodeof6mL/h,andareactiontimeof4h.Comparedwiththeperformanceofconventionalstirredaerationmixers,thehighgravitytechnologycouldincreasetheCODandnitrobenzeneremovalraterelatedwiththenitrobenzene-containingwastewaterby22.9%and23.3%,respectively.
简介:应用国际SPE-PRMS准则评估3P储量时,存在含油面积确定依据不明确的问题。综合运用测井、试井和试油等资料及油气藏特点,结合国际合作区块3P储量评估结果,对SPE-PRMS准则下不同类型油藏的3P储量含油气边界确定方法进行了研究。结果表明:在该准则下,根据油藏类型来确定含油面积的评估方法可进一步提高储量评估结果的可信度,并能有效降低油气开发生产的风险。
简介:依据大量岩心、露头观察与分析测试资料,在鄂尔多斯盆地湖盆中心深水区延长组长6段识别出3种类型的沉积物重力流,即砂质碎屑流、经典浊积岩和滑塌岩,其中砂质碎屑流是在我国陆相含油气盆地中新发现的一种砂体成因类型,属于层流;而经典浊积岩由浊流作用形成,属于紊流;滑塌岩则是在深水环境中由于滑动、滑塌作用形成的滑塌变形体。三者在流变学特征上存在本质差别,以往延长组深水沉积研究夸大了浊流的沉积作用。从时空分布看,三者在空间上相互依存,在时间上相互转化;从含油气性看,砂质碎屑流最好,经典浊积岩A段次之,而滑塌岩较差。进一步研究认为,砂质碎屑流为湖盆中心地区油井产量的主力贡献者,其平面分布控制着油气藏的富集与高产。
简介:研究了Pd/Nb2O5—Al2O3催化剂的制备方法及用于丙酮加氢合成MIBK的催化性能。实验结果表明,在反应温度160℃,反应压力4MPa条件下,丙酮单程转化率为40%,MIBK选择性为92%。
简介:Throughimprovingtheagingprocessduringsynthesisofthesupport,γ-Al2O3withlargeporevolumeandhighsurfaceareawassynthesizedbyafacilesecondaryreformingmethod.Thesynthesisparameters,suchasthereactiontemperature,thefirstagingtemperatureandthesecondagingtemperature,wereinvestigated.Thetexturalpropertiesofγ-Al2O3werecharacterizedbymeansofN2adsorption-desorptionisotherms,X-raypowderdiffractometry(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),Fouriertransforminfrared(FTIR)spectroscopyandthermogravimetry(TG).TheexperimentalresultsindicatedthatAACHandamorphousAlOOHweretheprecursorsofalumina,whichwereformedviaprecipitationfromsolutionsafterreactionofaluminumsulphatewithammoniumhydrogencarbonate.Theprecursornanocrystallitesgrewandre-assembledduringthesecondaryreformingprocess,whichresultedinanincreasedporesizeandporevolumeandadecreasedbulkdensity.Theas-synthesizedγ-Al2O3materialsfeaturedmeso/macroporosity,largeporevolume(2.175cm3/g),highsurfacearea(237.8m2/g),andlowbulkdensity(0.284g/mL).
简介:Inthisstudy,titaniumdioxidesupportedbymulti-walledcarbonnanotubes(MWCNTs/TiO2)andCr-dopedTiO2supportedbyMWCNTs(MWNTs/Cr-TiO2)weresynthesizedbythesol-gelmethod.Thepreparedsampleswerecharacterizedbytransmissionelectronmicroscopy,X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy,X-raydiffraction,theBrunauerEmmett-Telleranalysis,andtheRamanspectroscopy.TheoxidationandefficiencyforremovalofSO2inasimulatedfluegaswereinvestigatedexperimentallyinafixed-bedreactor.The15%MWCNTs/Cr-Ti02sampledisplayedexcellentadsorptionproperties,andaSO2removalrateequatingto30.4151mg/gfromthesimulatedfluegascontaining2300μg/gofSO2,8%of02,and5%ofH20wasachievedunderoptimalconditionscoveringatemperatureof333.15K,andaspacevelocityof1275h^-1.TheadsorptionprocesswasenhancedbecauseCrdopingmodifiedtheporestructureandinhibitedthegraingrowthofTiO2.Inaddition,theFreundlichandLangmuirmodelsrevealedthatSO2wasmainlyadsorbedthroughchemicaladsorptiononthesamplesurfaces,andthethermodynamicmodelanalysisindicatedthattheadsorptionwasaspontaneous,exothermic,andentropy-reducingprocess.TheadsorptionkineticsofSO2canbedescribedbythepseudosecond-orderkineticandtheBanghamdynamicsmodels.Thepossiblereactionmechanisminvolvedindesulfurizationprocesswasalsoproposed.
简介:针对港西开发区西5X-3断块规模小,断层多且较为发育,井距较大,注采井网欠完善,层间非均质性较强,开发效果欠佳的状况,通过储集层沉积微相研究、低电阻率油层评价、合理井距研究及油藏剩余油分布类型评价,量化了剩余油分布的潜力,在此基础上采取优化开发层系,合理调整井网、井距等技术对策,改善了开发效果.该断块油藏的开发实践表明,结合沉积微相开展储集层研究是进行剩余油挖潜的有效途径,根据剩余油分布特点,重建注采井网结构,能保持断块油藏平稳高效开发.同时,低电阻率油层潜力较大,是油藏开发后期挖潜的主要对象,而高含水期的厚油层,特别是点坝砂层的中上部仍有一定的开采潜力.