简介：Thebioavailabilityofdocosahexaenoicacid(DHA)andeicosapentaenoicacid(EPA)dependsontheirchemicalforms.Thisstudyinvestigatedthelong-termeffectsofDHA-boundtriglyceride(TG-DHA),DHA-boundphospholipid(PL-DHA),andthecombinationofTG-DHAandeggyolkphospholipid(Egg-PL)onlipidmetabolisminmicefedwithahigh-fatdiet(fatlevelsof22.5%).MaleC57BL/6Jmicewerefedwithdifferentformulationscontaining0.5%DHA,includingTG-DHA,PL-DHA,andthecombinationofTG-DHAandEgg-PL,for6weeks.Serum,hepatic,andcerebrallipidconcentrationsandthefattyacidcompositionsoftheliverandbrainweredetermined.Theconcentrationsofserumtotaltriglyceride(TG),totalcholesterol(TC),high-densitylipoproteincholesterol(HDL-c),andhepaticTGinthePL-DHAgroupandthecombinationgroupweresignificantlylowerthanthoseinthehigh-fat(HF)group(P<0.05).Atherogenicindex(AI)ofthePL-DHAgroupwassignificantlylowerthanthatofthecombinationgroup(P<0.05).HepaticTClevelinthecombinationgroupwassignificantlylowerthanthatintheHFgroup(P<0.05),butnosignificantdifferencewasobservedbetweenthecombinationgroupandthePL-DHAgroup.BoththePL-DHAandthecombinationgroupsshowedsignificantlyincreasedDHAlevelsinthelivercomparedwiththeHFgroup(P<0.05).However,therewerenoobviousincreasesinthecerebralDHAlevelsinallDHAdietgroups.TheseresultssuggestthatPL-DHAwassuperiortothecombinationofTG-DHAandEgg-PLindecreasingtheAI.Long-termdietarysupplementationwithlowamountofDHA(0.5%)mayimprovehepaticDHAlevels,althoughcerebralDHAlevelsmaynotbeenhanced.

简介：Furthermore,breast-feedingwithoutvitaminDsupplementationcouldprolongthedeficiency,whichmightleadtoariskofserioushealthproblemslaterinlife,includingtype1diabetesanddecreasedbonedensity.'Craniotabes,thesofteningofskullbones,inotherwisenormalnewbornshaslargelybeenregardedasaphysiologicalconditionwithouttheneedfor