简介:AbstractWe analyzed variations in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome during a flight-related cluster outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shenzhen, China, to explore the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and intra-host single nucleotide variations (iSNVs) in a confined space. Thirty-three patients with COVID-19 were sampled, and 14 were resampled 3-31 days later. All 47 nasopharyngeal swabs were deep-sequenced. iSNVs and similarities in the consensus genome sequence were analyzed. Three SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, Delta (n = 31), Beta (n = 1), and C.1.2 (n = 1), were detected among the 33 patients. The viral genome sequences from 30 Delta-positive patients had similar SNVs; 14 of these patients provided two successive samples. Overall, the 47 sequenced genomes contained 164 iSNVs. Of the 14 paired (successive) samples, the second samples (T2) contained more iSNVs (median: 3; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.77-10.22) than did the first samples (T1; median: 2; 95% CI: 1.63-3.74; Wilcoxon test, P = 0.021). 38 iSNVs were detected in T1 samples, and only seven were also detectable in T2 samples. Notably, T2 samples from two of the 14 paired samples had additional mutations than the T1 samples. The iSNVs of the SARS-CoV-2 genome exhibited rapid dynamic changes during a flight-related cluster outbreak event. Intra-host diversity increased gradually with time, and new site mutations occurred in vivo without a population transmission bottleneck. Therefore, we could not determine the generational relationship from the mutation site changes alone.
简介:摘要:糖尿病属于代谢功能障碍疾病,也是目前多发且常见的慢性病,临床中主要采取降糖药物控制方式进行正常血糖的维持,以改善或减缓因血糖异常对患者自身产生的损害。如果降糖治疗效果不佳或患者依从性不足,那么长期的血糖异常与代谢异常就会对患者其他重要器官功能造成影响,最终导致全身器官与组织的损伤,诱发严重的并发症。糖尿病患者的治疗不仅限于医院场景,更长期的治疗是脱离医院在日常生活中开展,此时患者自身的服药依从性、治疗理念、疾病认知以及防护意识等都会对最终的治疗效果产生影响。对此,本文针对2型糖尿病患者的延续护理工作进行调查和探究,综述近年来医护工作者在延续护理方面取得的结论和成就。
简介:摘要 本文分析TiO2对烧结利用系数、转鼓强度以及冶金性能的影响,采取提高SiO2/TiO2比值、提高料层厚度和配碳量、配加氧化锰、氧化硼、萤石等措施,改善烧结矿质量和利于高炉稳定顺行。
简介:摘要:随着公路、铁路等基础设施建设的快速发展,隧道工程急剧增加,瓦斯隧道频繁出现,严重影响作业人员及机械设备安全,因而瓦斯隧道的通风设计有为重要。本文以达通2号隧道为例,计算了隧道施工所需最大通风量和风阻,根据计算结果确定通风设备,优化通风方式,较好的解决了高瓦斯隧道通风问题,可为类似施工提供借鉴和参考。
简介:摘要:对于投用较早的装置,早期双端支撑机泵大多采用分体式轴承箱,运行初期机泵状态良好,但随着运行周期变长,检修次数增多。轴承体各部位间隙及轴承体刚度很难再保证机泵运行的要求。对轴承体进行改造,保证机泵整体的刚度要求,避免重复维修,确保机泵平稳运行具有重大意义。