简介：侧面的侵蚀/生长区域随着时间的过去改变的河隧道上的量的研究能揭示隧道进化的特征。拿213-km-longLinhe活动范围作为一个例子编织了黄河的隧道，在在在19个不同时期上的四亚活动范围(S1，S2，S3和S4)的隧道河岸侵蚀/生长的区域变化根据自从1977，捕获的遥感图象被评估。为整个河活动范围的吝啬的隧道收缩率也被获得。结果证明Linhe活动范围的左、正确的河岸被在1977和2014之间的侧面的网生长统治。黄河的这节的隧道区域被在1977和2001之间的减小描绘，当交替的侵蚀和生长的时期发生了时对2001随后。在Linhe活动范围的吝啬的隧道收缩率编织了隧道是在1977和2014之间的6.15km2/yr，当在隧道平面形状的最显著的变化发生在1990年代时。比作1995，当隧道区域和吝啬的宽度分别地在39.4%和42.8%减少了时，20005.8%和6.6%增加的隧道长度和蜿蜒。在隧道平面形状和Linhe活动范围的收缩的重要变化发生在1990年代，由于主要Longyangxia和Liujiaxia水库联合操作自从1986，它在年度泛滥季节期间在流量和沉积流动引起了实质的减小。另外，在四亚活动范围的河岸侵蚀/生长被本地河岸的物理性质影响，设计emplaced保护隧道河岸，和水动力学差别。自从管理向前从2000测量的综合的河的实现，然而，这些变化是显著地减轻了，Linhe活动范围的健康编织了黄河的隧道被恢复了。

简介：TurboPhoto编辑器的所有功能均围绕如何让您的照片更出色这样一个主题而设计的。每个功能都针对了数码相机本身的特点和最常见的问题。通过TurboPhoto编辑器，您能很轻易的掌握和控制组成优秀摄影作品的多个元素：曝光、色彩、构图、锐度、反差等。

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简介：Themajormatesterilegenesinanewphoto/thermo-sensitivegenicmalesterile(PTGMS)lineB06Sofricewereanalyzedbythemanipulationofmixturedistributiontheory.TheresultsindicatedthatapairofmajormalesterilenucleargeneswithlargeeffectswereresponsibleforcontrollingthemalesterilityofB06S.

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简介：Retrogressiveerosion,awidespreadphenomenonofsedimenttransportinreservoirs,oftenimpactsonboththereservoircapacityandthesedimentationinthedownstreamriverchannel.BasedonfielddatafromtheSanmenxiaReservoirandtheLowerYellowRiveroverthepastdecades,threecoursesofretrogressiveerosionwithdistinctivefeatureswereanalyzed.Theresultsindicatethatretrogressiveerosion,especiallycausedbyrapidreductioninthewaterleveltillthereservoirisempty,oftenresultsintheserioussiltationofthelowerYellowRiverandthreatensthesafetyofthefloodcontrolintheLowerYellowRiver.Unreasonableoperationofthereservoirandincominghyperconcentratedfloodsaccompaniedbyretrogressiveerosionalsoaggravatethesiltationofthemainchanneloftheriver.However,areasonableoperationmodeofthereservoirsonamed”storingtheclear(lowsedimentconcentration)waterinthenon-floodseason,andsluicingthemuddy(highsedimentconcentration)waterinthefloodseason”wasfound,whichmightmitigatethedepositioninboththereservoirandtheLowerYellowRiver.Thisoperationmodeprovidesimportantexperienceforthedesignandoperationoflargereservoirsinotherlargeriverscarryinghugeamountsofsediment.

简介：Basedonthetensoranalysisofwater-sedimenttwo-phaseflow,thebasicmodelequationsforclearwaterflowandsediment-ladenflowarededucedinthegeneralcurvecoordinatesfornaturalwatervariable-densityturbulentflow.Fur-thermore,correspondingboundaryconditionsarealsopresentedinconnectionwiththecompositionandmovementofnon-uniformbedmaterial.Thetheoreticalresultsareappliedtothecalculationofthefloatopencaissonintheconstructionperiodandgoodresultsareobtained.

简介：对加速河建水坝和灌溉的Yangtze三角洲反应是全球担心的一个话题。这研究分析了沉没三角洲前面，在不同分区的时间空间的变化模式，在典型剖面图的geomorphological变化，和四个主要分区的geomorphological原因的一般侵蚀生长(Chongming厘米的东方潮汐的沼泽地，Hengshashoal-HS，Jiuduanshawetland-JDS，并且Nanhui-NH的东方潮汐的沼泽地)。数据来源包括测量在的地志的数据高分辨率，在Datong车站的沉积负担，和相应河口构造信息。主要调查结果是：(1)一般来说，学习区域稍微侵蚀了(侵蚀区域比率是51.83%，生长区域比率是48.17%)从1982～2010，并且它经历了erosion-accretion-erosion的移动。地形学的时间空间的变化在八个分区也是重要的，排除在北方隧道的经常的侵蚀；(2)在在NH的5m深线以内的东方、北的厘米和HS，北JDS，和这个区域的进化被垂直免职统治，它在南部的厘米和HS是那的反面，并且在东方、南部的JDS的5m深线以内的区域；(3)总体上，2m的包含的表面区域(ESA)和5m，深线不停地增加，并且年度生长率在19822010期间分别地到达了10.42km2/yr和7.99km2/yr(然而，四个分区展出了争论)，并且在整个区域和所有分区，10m深线的ESA减少了，当15m深线的ESA在时期期间稍微变化了并且仍然保持稳定时；(4)是更少由设计的河口影响了，厘米是深线的ESA根据沉积负担的衰落减少了的唯一的分区。主要结论是河口工程工程在对沉积负担，ESA的变化和深线的分发的减小的宏背景影响沉没三角洲起一个日益重要的作用。与国际发货中心和开垦投射的上海的加速的构造一起，沉没三角洲的geomorphological进化将变得更复杂并且因此值得以后的经常的监视。

简介：TiO2-loadedactivatedcarbonfibers（ACF）werepreparedbyahydrothermalmethod.Thesampleswerecharacterizedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy（SEM）,X-raydiffraction（XRD）,Fouriertransforminfrared（FT1R）spectrometryandUV-visdiffusereflectancespectra（DRS）.SEMimagesshowedthattheTiO2nanoparticlesweredepositedonthesurfaceofACF,andtheparticlesizeandloadingamountofTiO2werevariedbychangingtheinitialconcentrationoftetrabutyltitanate（TBOT）.TheresultsofanashexperimentshowedthattheloadingamountsofTiO2were18.4%,43.3%,52.5%,75.1%,and91.1%forinitialconcentrationsofTBOTof0.07,014,0.21,0.28,and0.35mol/L,respectively.PhysicalinteractionsplayedanimportantroleintheformationofTiO2/ACFcompositefibersthatabsorbUVandvisiblelight.ComparedwiththoseofACF,improvedadsorptionandphotocatalyticactivitytowardRhodamineB（RhB）wereobservedforTiO2/ACFcompositefiber.TheRhodamineBcouldberemovedefficientlybyTiO2/ACFcompositefibers,andtheTiO2loadingamounthadasignificanteffectonthephotocatalyticactivityofTiO2/ACFcompositefibers.

简介：我们通常认为多功能一体机虽然功能齐全，但是每项功能都不能做到专业．只能适合有多种需求的办公用户。不过．爱普生近期推出的StylusPHOTORX510(以下简称R×510)专业照片一体机却颠覆了我们对多功能一体机的看法。它的打印机质量与照片级喷墨打印机相比毫不逊色，而且扫描分辨率也相当高。

简介：MetaloxidesemiconductormaterialssuchasZnOhavetremendouspotentialaslightabsorbersforphotocatalysedelectrodesintheelectrochemicalreductionofwater.PromoterssuchasrGOhavebeenaddedtoreducetherecombinationlossesofchargecarriersandimproveitsphotoelectrochemicalactivity.Inthisstudy,theeffectoflayerorderingonthechargetransferpropertiesofrGO-hybridisedZnOsandwichthinfilmsforthephoto-catalysedelectrochemicalreductionofwaterwasinvestigated.rGO-hybridisedZnOsandwichthinfilmswerepreparedviaafacileelectrodepositiontechniqueusingalayer-by-layerapproach.ThethinfilmswereanalysedusingFESEM,XRD,Raman,PL,UV–vis,EISandCVtechniquestoinvestigateitsmorphological,opticalandelectrochemicalproperties.TheFESEMimagesshowtheformationofdistinctlayersofrGOandZnOnanorods/flakesviathelayer-by-layermethod.XRDconfirmedthewurtzitestructureofZnO.PLspectroscopyrevealedareductionofphotoemissionintensityinthevisibleregion(580nm)whenrGOwasincorporatedintotheZnOthinfilm.Amongthesixthinfilmsprepared,ZnO/rGOshowedsuperiorperformancecomparedtotheotherthinfilms(0.964mA/cm)duetothepresenceofgrapheneedgeswhichparticipateasheterogenouselectrocatalystsinthephotocatalysedelectrolysisofwater.rGOalsoactsaselectronacceptor,formingann-pheterojunctionwhichimprovestheactivityofZnOtooxidisewatermoleculestoO_2.EISrevealedthattheapplicationofrGOasbackcontact(rGO/ZnO,rGO/ZnO/rGO)reducesthechargetransferresistanceofasemiconductorthinfilm.Alternatively,rGOasfrontcontact(ZnO/rGO,rGO/ZnO/rGO)improvesthephoto-catalysedelectrolysisofwaterthroughtheparticipationoftherGOedgesinthechemicalactivationofwater.Thefindingsfromthisstudyindicatethatthelayerorderingsignificantlyaffectsthethinfilm'selectrostaticpropertiesandthisunderstandingcanbefurtheradvantageousfortunableapplications.

简介：Theefficiencyofphoto-electrocatalytic（PECa）devicesfortheproductionofsolarfuelsdependsonseverallimitingfactorssuchaslightharvesting,chargerecombinationandmasstransportdiffusion.WeanalyseherehowtheyinfluencetheperformancesinPECacellshavingaphoto-anodebasedonAu-modifiedTiO2nanotube（TNT）arrays,withtheaimofdevelopingdesigncriteriatooptimizethephoto-anodeandthePECacellconfigurationforwaterphoto-electrolysis（splitting）andethanolphoto-reformingprocesses.TheTNTsampleswerepreparedbycontrolledanodicoxidationofTifoilsandthendecoratedwithgoldnanoparticlesusingdifferenttechniquestoenhancethevisiblelightresponsethroughheterojunctionandplasmoniceffects.Theactivitytestsweremadeinagas-phasereactor,aswellasinaPECacellwithoutappliedbias.Resultswereanalysedintermsofphoto-generatedcurrent,H2productionrateandphotoconversionefficiency.Particularly,asolar-to-hydrogenefficiencyof0.83%andaFaradaicefficiencyof91%wereobtainedwithoutaddingsacrificialreagents.

简介：Anovelvisiblelightactivephoto-catalystnamedCHC/C-PVA/TiO2,thecompositeoftitaniumdioxide（TiO2）withconjugatedderivativeofpolyvinylalcohol（C-PVA）loadedonacordieritehoneycombceramic（CHC）substrate,wasfabricatedbycombiningthesynthesisofTiO2sol,preparationofC-PVAviathermallytreatingpolyvinylalcohol,andimmobilizationofTiO2solandC-PVAonCHC.BydetectingthechangeofUV–visabsorptionspectraofthemodelorganicpollutant（methylorange（MO））inthepresenceofthecompositeundervisiblelightirradiation,thephoto-catalyticactivitywasevaluatedandtheresultsshowthattheCHC/C-PVA/TiO2compositehasanenhancedphoto-catalyticactivitywhencomparedtotheCHC/TiO2composite.Besides,theCHC/C-PVA/TiO2showsagoodphoto-catalyticstabilityafterthefourthcycles.Thestructureanalysesbyscanningelectronmicroscope（SEM）andenergydispersiveX-rayspectroscopy（EDS）showthecoexistenceofC-PVAandTiO2ontheCHCandthecracksonthesurfaceofCHC/C-PVA/TiO2.Resultofultraviolet-visiblediffusereflectionspectroscopy（UV–visDRS）revealsthattheCHC/C-PVA/TiO2canabsorbbothultravioletandvisiblelightwhileresultofX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy（XPS）indicatestheexistenceofC,OandTielementsintheCHC/C-PVA/TiO2.ThetypicalstructuresaswellastheopticalcharacteristicsoftheCHC/C-PVA/TiO2areresponsiblefortheenhancementinthephoto-catalyticactivity.

简介：两个都与高chemoselectivity介绍芳香、脂肪族的主要的氨基的组的一个一步舞过程被开发。三位字节州的丙酮从聚合电影底层的C-H契约和是积木和氨基的组搬运人的酚的O-H契约提炼氢原子。作为结果，二种自由激进分子，聚合物底层的限制的以碳为中心的链激进分子和活动以氧为中心的含苯氧基的激进分子，被产生。然后，公司契约被在这些二种自由激进分子之间的联合反应形成。p-Tyramine和p-aminophenol被用作氨基的搬运人。氨基的组的成功的介绍被水合同角度(CA)的大小表明到LDPE，BOPP和宠物电影底层上，紫外系列(紫外)，X光检查光电子光谱学(XPS)并且荧光灯显微镜学。处理因素p-tyramine和p-aminophenol的集中，和丙酮/水的比率例如紫外光的紧张和照耀时间，被调查。优化进程参数如下：紫外轻紧张9500W/cm2；为BOPP和LDPE的照耀时间18min，为宠物的22min；丙酮/水=的比率1；并且p-tyramine和p-aminophenol的集中15%为BOPP和LDPE，1%为宠物。基于紫外吸收度，聚合底层上的氨基的组被估计在6.3浥汵楳湯瀠汯浹牥穩瑡潩獮眠瑩?慣楴湯捩?湡潩楮?档牡敧?湩的范围吗？

简介：Auniformtransienttemperaturefieldmodelofelectricalcontactsoperationwasfoundbyanalyzingtheprocessofclosingarc→constrictionresistanceJouleheat→breakingarc.EssentialparametersofAg/La2NiO4electricalcontactmaterialfortransienttemperaturefieldcalculationwereobtainedthroughtestsofelectricalcontactexperimentalinstrumentunder18VDCindifferentcurrents,othercorrelationexperiments,andcalculationanalysis.Thefiniteelementmethodwasappliedtosolvethetransienttemperaturefield,andthefeaturesanddistributionofthetransienttemperaturefieldwereobtained.Theconditionofmaterialerosionandmasstransfercanbeforecastedbythosecalculationresults.ItisbeneficialtoresearchaboutthelifetimeofAg/La2NiO4electricalmaterial.

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简介：Wehavesuccessfullydemonstratedthathighqualityandhighdielectricconstantlayerscanbefabricatedbylowtemperaturephoto-inducedor-assistedprocessing.Ta2O5andZrO2havebeendepositedatt＜400℃bymeansofaUVphoto-CVDtechniqueandHfO2byphoto-assistedsol-gelprocessingwiththeaidofexcimerlamps.TheUVannealingofas-grownlayerswasfoundtosignificantlyimprovetheirelectricalproperties.Lowleakagecurrentdensitiesontheorderof10-8A/cm2at1MV/cmfordepositedultrathinTa2O5filmsandca.10-6A/cm2forthephoto-CVDZrO2layersandphoto-irradiatedsol-gelHfO2layershavebeenreadilyachieved.TheimprovementintheleakagepropertiesoftheselayersisattributedtotheUV-generatedactiveoxygenspeciesO(1D)whichstronglyoxidizeanysuboxidestoformmorestoichiometricoxidesonremovingcertaindefects,oxygenvacanciesandimpuritiespresentintheas-preparedlayers.Thephoto-CVDTa2O5filmsdepositedacross10.16-cmSiwafersexhibitahighthicknessuniformitywithavariationoflessthan±2.0%beingobtainedforultrathinca.10nmthickfilms.Thelamptechnologycaninprinciplebeextendedtolargerareawafers,providingapromisinglowtemperatureroutetothefabricationofarangeofhighqualitythinfilmsforfutureULSItechnology.

简介：Awhitelong-lastingphosphorCa2MgSi2O7:Dy3+waspreparedbythesolid-statereaction.Astrongbandpeakedat260nmwasshownintheexcitationspectrumof578nmemission,whichmightbeattributedtotheoxygendeficiencyofthehost.Afterirradiatedwith254nmfor4min,thewhiteafterglowofthesamplecouldbeseenfor3h.Moreover,thedepthsandfrequencyfactorsoftrapcenterswerecal-culatedfromthethermo-luminescencecurveofthesample,whichindicatedthatthetrapcenterscorrespondingtothe414Kbandweremorehelpfultothelong-lastingphosphorescence.

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