简介：中国科技成果权属制度改革以赋权为思路,在模式上参考了美国《拜杜法》的同时也对其有所超越,将科技成果权属适用范围扩大至所有智力成果类知识产权,更符合中国国情和发展新质生产力的需要.但中美两国由于国情不同,赋权于特定主体的具体含义也有所不同.在中国,赋权特定主体应当是构建一种多元权属制度模式,允许单位将科技成果的知识产权转让给包括科研人员在内的与市场有紧密联系的主体.在未来,中国科技成果转化立法需要在赋权思路下构建统一完备的科技成果权属制度.首先,构建多元的权属模式,允许单位将科技成果转让给科研人员,并允许二者在项目立项之初就科技成果知识产权的归属进行协商.其次,还应及时修改《科技成果转化法》等科技法律,使其与新修订的《科技进步法》相配合,构建完备的科技立法体系适应科技改革新动向.最后,立法需要对政府介入权进行明确定...Abstract：Bayh-Dole Act has been the representative law in technology transfer for its innovation that endow private subjects with patents of government-funded technology.By introducing the Bayh-Dole rules into the Chinese legal sys-tem,Law of the People's Republic of China on Science and Technology has exceeded the Bayh-Dole Act in that it ex-tends the rules of ownership to all intellectual properties,which is an act based on China's legal practice.Empower-ment in China is endowing subjects that are highly related to market,like researchers and companies with intellectual property right.Under the empowerment theory,the Chinese rules still have much room for further improvement.Firstly,researchers sh...

简介：摘要：我国《著作权法》在第三次修改时引入了惩罚性赔偿制度,但立法语言的模糊导致司法裁判标准混乱.基于对687件裁判文书实证分析可知:一方面,法定赔偿暗含的惩罚属性压缩了惩罚性赔偿的适用空间,也带来了能否将这一实践中具有绝对主导地位的损害赔偿计算标准作为惩罚性赔偿基准额的争议;另一方面,惩罚性赔偿构成要件语义模糊、规范指引缺乏,导致裁判标准无法统一.要促进我国著作权侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的司法完善,须以类型化、体系化的思维统一惩罚性赔偿适用标准.具体而言,须厘清并协调"故意"与"情节严重"等构成要件的功能;允许在特定条件下将法定赔偿作为惩罚性赔偿的基数;降低数额认定的高精度期待,避免损害赔偿"数学化"而忽略其法律价值;厘清法定赔偿与惩罚性赔偿的边界,在防止对侵权事实重复评价的基础上促进二者的协调适用.Abstract：China's Copyright Law introduced punitive damage rule in third amendment,but the ambiguity of legisla-tive language led to the confusion on judicial standards.Based on the empirical analysis of 687 judging documents,it can be concluded that,the implied punitive attribute of statutory compensation has compressed the space for the appli-cation of punitive compensation,which also brought about the controversy of whether the standard of calculating dam-ages has an absolutely dominant position in the practice as the benchmark punitive compensation.However,the seman-tic ambiguity of the constituent elements of punitive compensation and the lack of normative guidelines hav...