简介:期刊海藻的花蕾从沉积导致磷(P)的免职和版本进水。因此,当海藻的粒子开始安定到底部时,在季节的变化期间,在沉积理解行为和P的分发特征是最重要的钥匙管理Saemangeum水库的水质量。在这研究,水质量和沉积作文包括叶绿素的变化--一(Chl--一)并且P被调查决定在水和沉积之间的相互作用。学习首先集中了于影响P版本和沉积的矿化作用的海藻的粒子沉积。Chl--水里的集中在10月看了锋利的衰落水藻什么时候开始在秋天死了,并且后来,化学的氧需求(货到付款)的集中和在沉积的全部的P(TP)在11月由于腐烂的海藻的粒子的沉积增加了。在时间的一样的时期期间,在沉积的容易地简历可得到的P(敲击)在在哪儿的上面的区域显示出激烈的增加Chl--水的集中高。在顺序,高敲击地区在早冬季从上面的区域变了到更低的区域。敲击移动被认为从分解水藻在沉积的表面上从安定的overlying水的物理流动被发源。Saemangeum水库最近被构造;因此,除了可溶的反应的磷(SRP)的无机的P部分的所有类型在湖和沼泽地沉积层的底部表面上存在不是足够的显著地影响overlying水。在另一方面,从水藻的释放P对季节的变化不同、敏感。在结论,海藻的粒子沉积是重要的在Seamangeum水库从沉积表面层的使矿物化的无机的P控制超营养作用而非P版本。
简介:从大规模人的活动的增加的碳排出物贡献了全球气候变化,它导致了重要人的危机的增加。因此,作为碳,消退是公众好,应付气候变化也是一公众好;然而,它受不了许多免费骑手的刺激,导致commons的一个悲剧。从一个全身的观点克服这挑战,要求象全球、国家、地区性的层次上的工业,管理,和公民那样的所有部门从事低碳的开发和晴朗、有效的气候政策的实现。通过碳消退的理论探索和对低碳的系统的全身的描述,这份报纸为应付气候变化开发了一个控制论的框架,它为数据分析,为决定支持的元合成的工程,广泛的咨询的一条多中心的途径和各种各样的功能的目标成就模块由一个云平台组成。在这个基础上,由联合不可见的手和可见的手并且由在全球水平集成协商,在国家水平的合作和在本地水平的知识,一个multilevel决策模型被建议到地址建筑群气候变化问题。基于的创新途径能提供的这个控制论的范例珍贵照明到寻求应付气候的股东变化。
简介:Thispaperreviewstheprogressinclimatechangeadaptation(CCA)policiesbothundertheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)andinmajorregionsandcountries,includingtheEUanditsmajormembercountries,theinfluentialdevelopedcountriesintheAsia-Pacificregion,theemergingeconomiesandtheleastdevelopedcountries(LDCs).TheprogressmadeinChinainCCApoliciesisalsoreviewedandcomparedwiththatinothercountries.Finally,goodinternationalpracticesareproposedforChina’spolicydevelopment.Itisfoundthatadaptationhasbeengiventhesamepriorityasmitigationsincethetwenty-firstcenturywithregardtoclimatechange-relatedactions.ThetopicsrelatedtoadaptationintheinternationalclimatechangenegotiationsundertheUNFCCChaveevolvedfrommechanismsforfinanceandtechnologydevelopmentandtransferexclusivelyintheearlystagestoimplementationofpracticaladaptationprogramsandactions.Since2006,majordevelopedanddevelopingcountrieshavefrequentlysetforwardspecificCCApoliciesorgeneralclimatechangepoliciesinvolvingadaptationintheformoflaws,frameworks,strategies,andplans.TheLDCshavealsobeenworkingonNationalAdaptationProgrammesofActionandsubsequentNationalAdaptationPlanswiththesupportfromthefinancialmechanismsundertheUNFCCC.Therefore,globally,ithasbecomeacommonpracticetodevelopnationalorregionalpoliciestoplanandguideCCAactions.Chinahasestablishedclimatechangepoliciesinvolvingadaptationatthenational,regional,andsectoriallevelssince2007.However,thesepolicieshavestronglimitationsintheirknowledgebase,strategicpositioning,contents,andimplementationmechanisms,e.g.lackofasoundknowledgebase,aninternationalperspective,clearresponsibilitiesforpolicyimplementation,andappropriatemonitoringandevaluationmechanisms.ItisrecommendedthatChinashouldfurtherstrengthenitstechnicalcapabilitiesinclimatechangeprojectionsaswellasimpact,vulnerabil
简介:基于资源卫星介绍的遥感数据的解释,这份报纸说事实在Donghai岛的陆地使用区域,位于Zhanjiang的南方,广东省,因为象陆地开垦那样的人的活动,从1986~2010在25年里由576.71hm2膨胀了;同时,在土地的类型的大变化在岛上盖住发生了。在陆地使用的明确的变化在它的生态系统服务价值导致显著转变。因此,由在这使用Costanza方法,quantificationally在它的生态系统分析变化的纸在这个岛上满足;Costanza方法是每统一岛的区域显示出服务价值的一种计算技术。它从1986~2010被发现那,特别在最近的年里,由于在僵化,钢和港口工业,栽培土地的区域,树林,草地和沙漠的快速的发展在不同的度减少了,当时为住处的陆地,工业和交通建设和水和沼泽地的区域增加了。因而,与RMB547.57漠?潦的数字相比?
简介:西藏的高原是在中国的最重要的生态的障碍之一。解决统治在地区性的植被和气候变化之间的协会的内部关系和动力学是重要的理解并且保护地区性的生态系统。从2001~2010基于植被,温度和西藏的高原的降水数据,我们在过去的10年分析植被盖子的空间、时间的变化并且用实验直角的功能和单个值分解讨论植被反应到气候变化。我们的结果揭示下列:(1)植被盖子逐渐地从东南减少到西藏的高原的西北;(2)植被盖子在过去的10年在西藏的高原上增加了,主要在中央、东方的地区;并且(3)一种重要积极关系在在中央、南部的地区在全部区域并且与降水种季节和温度期间在植被盖子之间被建议。
简介:Basedontheanalysesonamplitudesofhistoricalvariationoftemperatureandprecipitationinthepast500yearsandlatest100years,accordingtotheregionalclimatechangescenariosforChinaestimatedbycompositeGCM,thepotentialimpactsofclimatechangeoncroppingsystemsinChinainfuturearesimulatedandassessedusingthecroppingsystemmodeldevelopmentspeciallyfortheChinesecroppingpatterns.Itisshownthatundertheprojectedfutureclimatechangeby2050themostpartsofthepresentdoublecroppingareawouldbereplacedbythedifferenttriplecroppingpatternswhilethecurrentdoublecroppingareawouldshifttowardsthecentralpartofthepresentsinglecroppingarea.Moreexplicitly,thenorthernboundaryoftriplecroppingareawouldshiftfromitscurrentborderattheChangjingRivertotheHuangheRiver,ashiftofmorethan5degreesoflatitude.Andtheshiftofmultiplecroppingareasleadstoasignificantdecreaseofsinglecroppingarea.Furthermore,consideringthechangesmentionedaboveincombinationwiththelikelynegativebalanceofprecipitationandevapotranspirationand,therefore,increaseofmoisturestress(i.e.lesswateravailability),aswellasthepossibleincreaseofheatstressdisasteranddecreaseofLGS(lengthofgrowingseason),thepotentialimplicationofclimatechangeforagricultureinChinaarealsoanalyzedroughlyinthispaper.Asaresult,however,itisstillverydifficulttoreachaspecificconclusionthatthefutureclimatechangewillhefavorableorunfavorabletofarminChinabecauseofthecomplicatedChinesefarmingpatterns,thecomplex-varioussocialandeconomicenvironmentofagriculturaldevelopmentand,especially,agreatscientificuncertaintiesintheinvestigation/predictionofclimatechange.
简介:Whenasurfaceisilluminatedbylaser,thefieldofdiffusingreflectivelightcanbedescribedbyFresnel-KirchhoffintegrationintheregionofFresnel.Ifthecorrelation,beforeandafterthechangeofintensityfield,isanalysedbystatisticalmethod,threegoverningequationsforvariationsofintensityfieldandspecklemovementformulascanbeobtained.Intheseequations,thesurfacemotion,deformationandwavelengthchangeareallconsideredtocausethespecklemovement.
简介:Background:ThefragilelandscapesoftheHimalayanregionarehighlysusceptibletonaturalhazards,andthereisongoingconcernaboutcurrentandpotentialclimatechangeimpacts.ThisstudyprovidesbackgroundinformationonIndia'sWesternHimalayasandreviewsevidenceofwarmingaswellasvariabilityinprecipitationandextremeevents.Methods:UnderstandingandanticipatingtheimpactsofclimatechangeonHimalayanforestecosystemsandtheservicestheyprovidetopeoplearecritical.Effortstodevelopandimplementeffectivepoliciesandmanagementstrategiesforclimatechangemitigationandadaptationrequiresparticularnewresearchinitiatives.Thevariousstudiesinitiatedandconductedintheregionarecompiledhere.Results:SeveralnewinitiativestakenbytheHimalayanForestResearchInstituteinShimlaaredescribed.Thisincludesnewpermanentobservationalfieldstudies,somewithmappedtrees,inhighaltitudetransitionalzonesforcontinuousmonitoringofvegetationresponse.WehavealsopresentednewstrategiesformitigatingpotentialclimatechangeeffectsinHimalayanforestecosystems.Conclusions:AssessmentoftheecologicalandgeneticdiversityoftheHimalayanconifersisrequiredtoevaluatepotentialresponsestochangingclimaticconditions.Conservationstrategiesfortheimportanttemperatemedicinalplantsneedtobedeveloped.TheimpactofclimatechangeoninsectsandpathogensintheHimalayasalsoneedtobeassessed.Coordinatedeffortsarenecessarytodevelopeffectivestrategiesforadaptationandmitigation.
简介:Eitherfromtheperspectiveofthefinitesupplycapacityofglobalresourcesandenergy,orfromtheperspectiveofglobalenvironmentrestrictiveconditions,developingcountriescannotrepeattheolddevelopmentroadofdevelopedcountries,eitherinviewoftheinternationalpressureChinaiscurrentlyfacing,orinviewofChina'sownresourcesendowmentandstagesofdevelopment,wemustactivelyfacesuchachallengeofclimatechange.Wemustrecognizethattheissueofclimatechangemaybeagreatrestrainttothepresentandfutureeco-socialdevelopment,andmayalsobeanimportantdrivingforceandnewopportunitytopushforwardthetransformationofdevelopmentpattern,totakeanewroadofindustrializationandtorealizesustainabledevelopment.Thisdemandsus,ontheonehand,totaketheScientificOutlookofDevelopmentastheguidetomakeeffortstocontroltheemissionofgreenhousegasesandcontinuouslyincreasethecapabilityofadaptingtoclimaticchange,andsetuptheoverallplantorespondtoclimatechangeofourcountry,andontheotherhand,weshouldunswervinglytaketheroadofsustainabledevelopment,saveenergy,optimizeenergystructureandstrengthenbiologicalprotectioninslowingandadaptingtoclimatechange.
简介:以便减少磨擦力量并且在低速度消除一个技工系统的粘住滑倒现象,一个方法基于超声的微开车技术被建议改变摩擦特征。顺时针方向激动并且在超声的致动器的二个纵的夹钳门栓的震荡器上驾驶点的逆时针方向的显微镜的椭圆的运动将产生超声的润滑油行动;而且,磨擦能被调整震荡器的颤动的振幅活跃地控制。为磨擦控制的试验性的安装用航空的指南,力量传感器和一低速度时刻被设计motor.Fuzzy控制理论被使用进这个系统。实验显示磨擦力量大部分被减少了,试验性的系统的运动是稳定的。当超声的致动器和负担is3.8kg和马达的全部的团正在开车时,磨擦系数仅仅是大约0.0053速度是0.5mm/s。
简介:Climatechangeisthelargeststressfactorchallengingglobalterritorialecosystem.Thediscussiononlanddegradationcontrolinaridecosystemunderthecontextofclimatechangeforincreasingthecapacitytomitigateandadapttotheclimatechangeandgraduallyrestoringtheintegratedproductionpotentialoriginallypossessedbylandecosystemisapressingissuetoaddress.Thepaperanalyzedtheeffectofclimatechangeonlanddegradationinaridecosystem,anddescribedtheprotectionandrehabilitationofforest,grasslandandfarmlandecosystems,andtheenhancementoftheresponsetoclimatechangeandtheimprovementofpeople’slivelihoodfromtheviewpointofintegratedecosystemmanagement.Thisstudyisexpectedtoofferanewconceptforlanddegradationcontrolandsustainablemanagementofaridecosysteminthecontextofglobalclimatechange.
简介:ThecharacteristicsofMann-KendallRankStatisticsanditsapplicationsindetectingabruptchangeofclimatehavebeendescribed.Atthesametime,anewmethodisputforwardtodetecttheabruptchangeinvariance.