简介：摘要 目的：研究分析快速生物培养阅读器在低温过氧化氢等离子灭菌中的应用。方法：使用生物监测对低温等离子灭菌器进行灭菌质量监测，其中采用传统生物监测法监测80锅次，采用快速生物监测检测80锅，比较两种监测方法的检测时间以及检测结果。结果：传统生物监测法进行监测48h才能取得监测结果，而快速生物监测法只需要30min，两者有显著差异。采用传统生物监测法进行监测的80锅结果均为阴性合格，合格率为100%；快速生物监测法进行监测的80锅，结果也是阴性合格，合格率为100%。结论：快速生物培养阅读器的应用大大缩短了生物监测判断的时间，为急要器械使用的患者赢得了更多的手术时间，同时也为医院提供了高品质的无菌物品，是预防医院感染的重要保障。

简介：【摘要】 目的 探讨中医情志护理结合阅读疗法对女性精神障碍患者缓解期负性情绪的影响研究。方法 在精神专科医院女性病区，选取缓解期精神障碍患者80例，按照入院顺序，分为对照组及观察组，对照组实施常规治疗和护理措施；研究组在常规治疗和护理措施基础上，实施8周情志护理结合阅读疗法干预。 入组前和参与干预后8周后各测评正性负性情绪量表及护士用住院患者观察量表一次，对比两组患者负性情绪是否改善，患者自己能否应对负性情绪，精神症状与异常行为现象出现频次是否降低。结果 两组护理干预前PANAS量表得分及NOSIE量表得分均无明显差异（P>0.05），观察组护理干预后PANAS量表负性情绪得分明显低于对比组（P<0.05），观察组护理干预后NOSIE量表得分明显高于对比组（P<0.05）。 结论  中医情志护理结合阅读疗法护理干预，能帮助精神障碍患者正确认识疾病，改变心态，学会面对负面情绪，更有动力及自信去克服疾病，促进患者康复效果的提升。

简介：【摘要】目的探讨家庭阅读环境在父母受教育程度与3～4岁儿童词汇水平间的中介作用。

简介：摘要文章主要介绍了新时期情景化阅读在少年儿童图书馆的主要应用，首先阐述了应用情景化阅读的意义，介绍了该项服务的特点和目的，最后重点论述了应该如何更好地为孩子们提供情景化的阅读服务，希望对图书馆更好地开展相关工作作出一些参考。

简介：在8年制医学生实验诊断学教学实践中，采用典型病例导入式和PBL教学法，从检验报告单的申请、阅读，异常结果的合理解释以及与实验室沟通等四个方面探讨了理论知识传授与临床能力培养相结合问题。

简介：摘要目的对比分析正常视力中老年人及老年性黄斑变性（AMD）患者的阅读速度，分析影响两者阅读速度的相关因素。方法前瞻性临床对照研究。自清华大学第一附属医院周边社区征集以汉语为母语、初中以上文化程度、年龄≥45岁且<85岁、双眼BCVA≥0.6的正常视力中老年志愿者；自清华大学第一附属医院视觉康复门诊征集有视力下降或视物变形主诉、好眼BCVA≥0.05的AMD患者。测量受检者视功能，最佳矫正近视力状态下，应用中文阅读视力表测定阅读视力；国际阅读速度文本（IReST）中文版测定阅读速度。对比观察AMD患者与正常视力老年人的阅读速度。对阅读速度的相关因素进行单因素相关分析，并对有统计学意义的因素进一步使用多元线性回归分析。结果2016年1～4月共征集正常视力中老年人53名。其中，男性17名，女性36名；平均年龄（60.7±8.8）岁。平均阅读速度（244±55）字/min。正常视力中年人（45～59岁）、老年人（≥60岁）平均阅读速度分别为（267±53）、（227±51）字/min；两者阅读速度比较，差异有统计学意义（t=2.797，P=0.007）。单因素相关分析结果显示，正常视力中老年人阅读速度与年龄（r=－0.476，P=0.000）、性别（t=－2.291，P=0.031）、文化程度（t=2.656，P=0.011）、阅读习惯（t=7.346，P=0.000）、双眼最佳远视力（r=－0.293，P=0.033）、双眼最佳近视力（r=－0.460，P=0.001）、阅读视力（r=－0.558，P=0.000）均相关。进一步多元线性回归分析显示，阅读视力、性别、文化程度和阅读习惯与阅读速度显著相关（β=－283.312、28.303、－37.700、－45.505，P=0.000、0.022、0.019、0.023）。2016年9月至2018年8月共征集AMD患者22例。其中，男性16例，女性6例；平均年龄（77.4±8.2）岁；阅读速度中位数为118字/min。与正常视力老年人比较，其年龄更大（t=－4.285，P=0.000），男性比例更高（χ2=3.981，P=0.046），阅读视力更差（t=－6.176，P=0.000），阅读速度显著降低（t=－5.719，P=0.000）。AMD患者阅读速度与双眼最佳远、近视力和阅读视力、对比敏感度相关（r=－0.771、－0.805、－0.776、0.511，P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.015）；与年龄（r=0.021，P=0.926）、性别（Z=－0.382，P=0.703）无关。结论正常视力中老年人阅读速度随年龄增长呈下降趋势，阅读视力较远视力是更好的预测阅读能力的指标；AMD患者阅读视力显著降低，阅读速度显著下降，视功能损伤程度是影响其阅读速度的主要因素。

简介：【摘要】目的 探讨Hi-FIVE技术对儿童发展性阅读障碍中眼球运动控制的疗效。方法 纳入存在眼球运动控制问题的6-12岁DD儿童44例，采用Hi-FIVE技术对存在眼球运动控制问题的DD儿童进行干预治疗，通过Heinsen-Schrock眼球运动计分系统、脑视觉检测系统中注视性眼球运动/注视质量评估、Hi-FIVE测试中视觉流畅-转移-停留检测比较治疗前后儿童眼球运动控制及阅读的流畅性的有效性。结果 治疗后Heinsen-Schrock眼球运动计分系统脑视觉检测系统中注视性眼球运动/注视质量评估、Hi-FIVE测试中视觉流畅-转移-停留检测结果均显效（P＜0.05）。结论Hi-FIVE技术能提高儿童发展性阅读障碍中眼球运动能力及阅读流畅性，减少视觉停留时间从而提高阅读速度。

简介：摘要目的通过基因共表达网络筛选与结直肠腺癌(COAD)发展相关的关键基因，并初步验证其潜在功能。方法从肿瘤基因组图谱(TCGA)数据库下载COAD患者基因表达谱和临床信息，包括379例COAD患者及39例对照，Kaplan-Meier分析得到COAD预后相关基因后进行权重基因共表达模块(WGCNA)分析；最终获得关键基因后结合分子实验初步验证其功能及潜在机制；多组均数比较采用Kruskal-Wallis检验、两组均数比较采用Mann-whitney U检验，相关性分析使用Pearson检验。结果共筛出3 170个预后相关基因；WGCNA构建出9个基因模块，其中Brown模块不仅与COAD呈负相关，且与临床分期、TNM分期呈负相关；Brown模块的中心基因C4orf19在COAD肿瘤组织中表达低于对照组[4.37 (4.10～4.49)比2.70 (2.18～3.18)，U＝684，P<0.01]，并且与临床分期(H＝9.442，)、T分期(H＝9.336)、M分期(U＝5 842)和N分期(U＝14 572)相关(P均<0.05)；免疫组织化学示C4orf19在癌组织组表达低于癌旁组，阳性例数分别为11(27.5%)和35(87.5%)，差异有统计学意义(χ2＝29.460，P<0.01)；沉默C4orf19后，结肠癌细胞增殖(4.494±0.438比3.415±0.453，t＝-4.527)、迁移(15.007±0.439比7.583±0.701，t＝12.69)及侵袭能力(154.000±4.546比96.667±4.643，t＝12.48)高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论WGCNA是一种有效的系统生物学方法，通过此方法识别出新的抑癌基因C4orf19。

简介：

简介：摘要目的观察19号染色体开放阅读框5（C19ORF5）调节自噬活性与结直肠癌恶性程度和紫杉醇化疗敏感性的关系。方法选取哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院2015—2017年141例结直肠癌患者的肿瘤组织和癌旁正常组织，采用免疫组织化学法和实时定量聚合酶链反应法检测C19ORF5蛋白和mRNA的表达情况，探讨C19ORF5蛋白调节自噬活性与结直肠癌恶性程度的相关性。141例患者均行术后化疗，91例采用常规化疗方案（卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂，常规化疗组），50例采用常规方案联合紫杉醇化疗（紫杉醇组），两组均治疗6个疗程。结果癌组织在透射电镜下可见自噬体，C19ORF5蛋白为淡黄色至棕褐色颗粒，表达于细胞质；癌组织C19ORF5蛋白染色强度明显强于正常组织，且Ⅱ期染色强度明显高于Ⅳ期。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者C19ORF5蛋白高表达率明显高于Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者[83.3%（25/30）比17.1%（19/111）]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。癌组织C19ORF5 mRNA表达水平明显高于正常组织（1.17 ± 0.45比0.82 ± 0.29），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。癌组织C19ORF5蛋白表达水平与肿瘤分期、癌胚抗原和肝转移有关（P<0.01或<0.05），癌组织C19ORF5蛋白表达水平与淋巴结转移无关（P>0.05）。常规化疗组91例患者中，有效70例（76.9%），无效21例（23.1%）；紫杉醇组50例患者中，有效42例（84.0%），无效8例（16.0%），两组有效率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在常规化疗组中，有效患者和无效患者化疗前癌组织与化疗后血清C19ORF5蛋白表达水平比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；有效患者与无效患者化疗后血清C19ORF5蛋白表达水平比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在紫杉醇组中，有效患者化疗前癌组织C19ORF5蛋白表达水平明显高于化疗后血清C19ORF5蛋白表达水平（0.9 ± 0.3比0.5 ± 0.2），有效患者化疗后血清C19ORF5蛋白表达水平明显低于无效患者（0.5 ± 0.2比0.8 ± 0.2），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论C19ORF5蛋白的高表达可以提高结直肠癌组织的自噬活性；C19ORF5蛋白调节自噬活性与结直肠癌的恶性程度呈负相关；C19ORF5蛋白可能通过增强自噬活性提高紫杉醇化疗的敏感性。

简介：

简介：AIM:Toexploretheeffectofsaturatedhydrogensalineonbluelight-inducedretinaldamageinrats.·METHODS:Theretinaldamageofratswasinducedbybluelightexposurefor6hoursandexamined8hours,16hoursand24hoursaftertheexposure.OnehundredfemaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.Group1included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithoutanyothertreatment.Group2included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofnormalsaline.Group3included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensaline.AndGroup4includedtheother10ratswhichdidnotreceiveanytreatment.Theamountofintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensalineandnormalsalinewascalculatedintheratioof1ml/100gofratweight.SpecimenswerecollectedandprocessedbyH-Estaining,ultrastructureobservation,biochemicalmeasurement.Morphologicalchangeswereobservedbylightmicroscopeandtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andtheretinalouternuclearlayer(ONL)thicknesswasmeasuredbyIPP6.0,whilethemalondialdehyde(MDA)wasmeasuredbycolorimetricdeterminationat532nm.·RESULTS:AlthoughthestructureofretinainGroup1andGroup2wasinjuredheavily,theinjuryinGroup3wasmild.ThedifferencesbetweenGroup1andGroup2werenotsignificant.ComparedwiththeratsinGroup1andGroup2,theonesinGroup3hadmoreclearlydemarcatedretinastructureandmoreorderedcellsbylightmicroscopeandTEMobservation.TheONLthicknesses(400times)offourgroupsateachtimepointexceptbetweenGroup1andGroup2weresignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).ThethicknessesoftheONLinGroup1atthreetimepointswere30.41±4.04μm,26.11±2.82μmand20.63±1.06μm,inGroup2were31.62±4.54μm,25.08±3.63μmand19.07±3.86μm,inGroup3were29.75±3.62μm,28.83±1.97μmand27.61±1.83μm.InGroup4themeanofthethicknesswas37.35±1.37μm.Astimewentby,thedamageg

简介：AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：AIM:TopresenttheresultsofimplantationofIakymenkokeratoprosthesisinfivepatientswithvascularizedcornealleukomacausedbysevereocularinjury.·METHODS:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesiswasimplantedinto5eyesof5patients:4patientsweresufferedfromchemicalburnsand1patientfromexplosiveinjury.Thepreoperativevisualacuityrangedfromlightperceptiontohandmotion.Theimplantationsurgerywascomposedoftwo-stageprocedures.Thefollow-upperiodwasfrom9monthsto11years.Theoutcomemeasureswerevisualacuity,retention,andcomplicationsofthekeratoprosthesis.·RESULTS:Visionimprovementswereachievedinmostpatients.Allkeratoprosthesiswereretainedwithinthefollow-upperiod.Cornealmeltingoccurredinonepatientandfibrousclosureinanotherpatient,bothofwhichweresuccessfullytreated.Retinaldetachmentoccurredinonepatientaftersurgery.·CONCLUSION:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesisseemstobeapromisingalternativeforthepatientswithseverecornealinjury,butfurtherinvestigationisneededtoevaluatetheroleofIakymenkokeratoprosthesis.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethefrequencyofidiopathicphacodonesis(IP)insenilecataractsubjectsandtheshort-termclinicaloutcomesfollowingcataractsurgery.METHODS:Thisinstitutionalcase-controlstudyincluded1301consecutivelow-incomecataractsubjectsfromJunetoNovember2009.Anteriorsegmentwerecarefullyevaluatedwithdilatedpupilunderslit-lamp.IPwerescreenedandgradedbyacriteriasetbytheauthors.Riskfactors,surgicaloutcomes,andoperativecomplicationswereanalyzed.RESULTS:Atotalof42subjects(3.2%)withIPwerediagnosedandclassifiedasgrade1(36subjects),grade2(5subjects)andgrade3(1subject).HarderlensesandintumescentcataractswereobservedintheIPgroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Logisticsregressiontestalsoindicatedthemainriskfactorwasthehardnessofthelens.Theincidenceofzonulardialysisduringsurgerywas23.8%(10eyes),whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthecontrols(0.7%,P<0.001).Visualoutcomesofthetwogroupswerenotstatisticallyorclinicallysignificant.CONCLUSION:HardnucleusandintumescentcataractarerelatedtoIPinsenilecataractsubjectsinQinghai,China.Withmorecarebeingtaken,grade1andsomeofthegrade2IPsubjectsachievedsimilarsurgicaloutcomesascomparedtocontrols.

简介：<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatechangesintheanteriorchamberdepth(ACD),crystallinelensthickness(LT)anditsrefractivepowerafterlaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK).·METHODS:Inallcases,thepreoperativeandpostoperativecentralACDwhichweremeasuredwithPentacam,Orbscan,IOL-MasterandA-scanultrasonography,centralcornealtruenetpowerwhichwasmeasuredwiththePentacam,OrbscanandIOL-Master,axiallength(AL)whichwasmeasuredwithIOL-MasterandLTwhichwasmeasuredwiththeA-scanultrasonographywerecomparedusingthepairedsamplettest.OcularrefractiveerrorsandlensrefractivepoweratcornealplanewerecalculatedandtheircorrelationswerealsoevaluatedbeforeandafterLASIK.RESULTS:At1weekafterLASIK,LTandcrystallinelensrefractivepoweratcornealplane(Dlens)whichwereassociatedwiththeIOL-MasterandPentacamincreasedsignificantly(P≤0.005),ACDdecreasedsignificantly(P≤0.001),butnosignificantincreasewasobservedintheDlenswhichwasassociatedwiththeOrbscan(P=0.261).SignificantcorrelationsbetweenthechangesintheocularrefractiveerrorsandDlenswhichwereassociatedwiththePentacamwereobservedat1weekand6monthsafterLASIK(P=0.028;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:LTincreasedsignificantlyafterLASIK,andthismightpartiallyleadtoACDdecrease,Dlensincreaseandasmallquantityofmyopicregression.

简介：AIM:ToexploretheinhibitoryeffectofasustainedcyclosporinA(CsA)deliverymicrosphere(CsA-MS)onposteriorcapsularopacification(PCO)inrabbiteyesaftercataractextraction.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitsacceptedcataractextractionplusintraocularlensimplantationandtheirlefteyeswereintraoperativelyinjectedCsA-MSpreparedusingpolymerpolylactioglycolicacid(PLGA)asacarrierandtheirrighteyeswereinjectedwithemptyMS.Thechangesincornea,anteriorchamberreaction,intraocularpressure,PCOandCsAconcentrationinaqueoushumorwereexaminedpostoperativelyandalltheeyeswereenucleated3monthsaftersurgeryforhistopathologicalandmorphologicalexaminationwithlightmicroscopyandelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:Conjunctivalhyperemia,cornealedema,intraocularpressureandanteriorchamberresponseofexperimentalandcontroleyesweresimilar,whilePCOinCsAMSinjectedeyeswasgreatlyimprovedcomparedwiththatincontroleyes.PosteriorcapsulesinCsA-MSinjectedeyesweresmoothandlensepithelialcells(LEC)didnotproliferatesignificantly(P>0.05),whileLECinposteriorcapsuleofcontroleyeshaddifferentdegreesofproliferationandcorticalregeneration.LECinCsA-MSinjectedeyeswerenotfunctionallyactiveandunderwentapoptosis,whereasLECincontroleyeswerefunctionallyactive(F-test,P=0.025).Inaddition,thecornealultrastructureshowednodifferencesbetweenCsA-MSandMSinjectedeyes.CONCLUSION:CsA-MShashighbioavailabilityinrabbiteyesandcouldinhibitpostoperativePCOoccurrenceanddevelopmentduringthestudyperiod,suggestingthatCsA-MSmaybeapromising,effectiveandsafeadministrationroutetopreventPCOinclinic.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.