简介:Thepaperstudiesthegroundverticaldeformationandthegeoidundulationcausedbyloadingofneighboringbuildings,basedontheloadingtidestheory.Theinfluenceonelevationisalsoconsidered.Theresultsshowthatthegroundverticaldeformationandthegeoidundulationbothreachmillimetermagnitude.Therefore,itisobviousthatthebuildingloadingsignificantlyaffectsthepreciseengineeringsurveying,anditmustbeseriouslyconsideredinapplication.
简介:本文介绍了用图的理论来解决三角网和导线网坐标计算最佳路线的方法,通过举例,说明方法的正确性,并提出用该方法解决复杂图形的思想
简介:CaSiofx-4500p计算器的各种功能较之fx-3600p、fx—180p等有了长足的进步。该机最大步骤数为1103步,具有转移和子程序功能,用以复杂的重复计算。该机不失为现场测量人员选用的较好机型,现简介如下: