简介:BackgroundInresponsetotheevolutionofscienceandtechnologyfromcompartmentalizationtoreunification,thestudyofcomplexsystemsandmulti-scalemethodologyhasreceivedincreasingattentionfromvariousscientificdisciplinesandengineeringfields,somuchsothatcomplexityhassometimesbeencalledthescienceofthe21stcenturywithmulti-scalemethodologyasanaccompanyingchallenge.
简介:Utilizationofwindenergyisapromisingwaytogeneratepower,andwindturbinebladesplayakeyroleincollectingthewindenergyeffectively.Thispaperattemptstomeasurethedeformationparameterofwindturbinebladesinmechanicsexperimentsusingavideometricmethod.Inviewthatthebladesexperiencesmallbucklingdeformationandlargeintegraldeformationsimultaneously,weproposedaparallelnetworkmeasurement(PNM)methodincludingthekeytechniquessuchascameranetworkconstruction,c...
简介:Theinelasticseismicresponsesofshear-typemultistoreybuildingswithregularasymmetrywereanalyzed.Theeffectsofthefundamentallateralperiod,thefundamentalfrequencyratiooftranslationaltotorsional,theeccentricratio,earthquakeintensityandorthogonalearthquakeexcitationsoninelasticdisplacementandductilitywerestudiedrespectively.Numericalresultsshowthataforementionedfactorsinfluencetheseismicresponsesofthebuildings.Theeffectoftheorthogonalinputofgroundmotionislikelytoberestrictedtothemovingstatusofeccentricelements.
简介:Experimentalresultsontheinstabilityoftheisothermalnatural-convectionboundarylayeraroundaverticalheatedflatplatearepresented.ItisdemonstratedthatthecharacteristicsoftheinstabilitywaveintheouterlayerisconsistentwiththecalculationofBrewster&Gebhart.Afteraninitialgrowthofitslowfrequencycomponentsatthedownstreamsideoftheturningpointoftheneutralcurve(Gr≈120)itscomparativelyhigherfrequencycomponentsdevelopandbecometurbulentsubsequentlywithabuoyancysubrangeinitspowerspectra.Simultane-ously,inthemeasurementattheinnerlayernearthewallaviscousinstabilitysignalthesameastheTollmien-Schlichtingwavesinordinaryboundarylaycranditssub-harmonicsinamuchhigherfrequencydomainisdiscoveredandaninertialsubrangecanbeobservedinthespectraatGr≈378.6.
简介:Mostfluidflowsinnatureandengineeringapplicationsareinthestateofturbulence.Turbulentmotionsusuallyexhibitawiderangeofspatialandtemporalscales,suchastheflowofnaturalgasandoilinpipelines,thewakesofcarsandsubmarines,theboundarylayerofanaircraft,thecurrentintheoceansurface,theatmosphericboundarylayer,theinterstellargasclouds(gaseousstars),andtheEarth’swakeinthesolarwind.Turbulencecangreatlyimprovetheheatandmasstransferefficiencyofmacroscopicflow.Forexample,chemicalengineersuseturbulencetomixupandhomogenizefluidcomponentsandtoincreasechemicalreactionratesinliquidsorgases.However,turbulencecanalsoleadtoincreasesindrag,aerodynamicheat,andhydrodynamicandaerodynamicnoise.Forinstance,theaerodynamicloadingofhigh-speedaircraftcanbesignificantlyincreasedduetoturbulence.
简介:Richardson-Kolmogorov能量级串理论是湍流研究中最重要的基础理论,其中一个推论是能量的传输和耗散应当是均衡的,对应于耗散系数Cε为常数.然而近些年的实验及数值模拟都发现了不符合RichardsonKolmogorov能量级串理论的非均衡耗散律,即使在此区域内Reynolds数足够高,能谱满足Kolmogorov的-5/3标度律,Cε也不为常数,而满足Cε-ReI-m/ReL-n,其中m≈1≈n,ReI为入口Reynolds数,ReL为以积分尺度为特征长度的当地Reynolds数.近三年来又发现流向速度梯度扭率Sk和Lagrange速度梯度自相关的时间演化Φ'(ijij)也可以用来度量非均衡湍流现象,为非均衡湍流的研究开辟了新路.
简介:在研究环形激光陀螺的漂移时,许多文献仅采用Allan方差方法进行误差分析。Allan方差没有包含导航用的“零偏不稳定性”项,而实际导航受此项的影响很大,因此只能以经典方差来衡量陀螺的性能,而把Allan方差仅作为一种辅助手段。通常文献采用Allan方差方法分析时,其噪声在频域的表达式(功率谱密度)是建立在频率的不同幂次的基础上,变换成时域表达式得到各项方差。由于此功率谱密度存在不合理,导致诸多矛盾。文中指出这些矛盾,并以实验数据为证,说明这一分析方法不论是逻辑还是在讨论实验数据时都会产生不合理的结果。彻底的解决办法将见续文,它提出用各种阻尼振荡的频带之和作为噪声的功率谱密度。
简介:-激光陀螺的精度主要取决于环形激光传感器的闭锁阈值和偏频装置引起的误差。本文对环形激光传感器的精度进行了实验研究,测定了闭锁阈值及标度因数稳定度;采用自行研制的精密速率转台进行了速率偏频激光陀螺的实验研究。实验结果表明,速率偏频激光陀螺具有较高的精度,应当重视。