简介：p90核糖体S6蛋白激酶（rihosomalS6kinase，RSK）为Ras信号转导通路下游途径的重要调控因子，对Ras通路起调控作用。近年发现RSK家族与恶性肿瘤发生、发展密切相关。本文就RSK家族与恶性肿瘤的关系作简要综述。

简介：Colorectalcarcinoma(CRC)isacommoncauseofmorbidityandmortalityworldwide.TwopathogenicpathwaysareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofadenomatoCRC.ThefirstpathwayinvolvesAPC/β-catenincharacterizedbychromosomalinstabilityresultingintheaccumulationofmutations.ThesecondpathwayischaracterizedbylesionsinDNAmismatchrepairgenes.AberrantDNAmethylationinselectedgenepromotershasemergedasanewepigeneticpathwayinCRCdevelopment.CRCscreeningisthemostefficientstrategytoreducedeath.SpecificDNAmethylationeventsoccurinmultistepcarcinogenesis.EpigeneticgenesilencingisacausativefactorofCRCdevelopment.DNAmethylationshavebeenextensivelyexaminedinstoolfromCRCandprecursorlesions.ManymethylatedgeneshavebeendescribedinCRCandadenoma,althoughnodefiniteDNAmethylationbiomarkerspanelhasbeenestablished.MultipleDNAmethylationbiomarkers,includingsecretedfrizzled-relatedprotein2,secretedfrizzled-relatedprotein1,tissuefactorpathwayinhibitor2,vimentin,andmethylguanineDNAmethyltransferase,havebeenfurtherinvestigated,andobservationshaverevealedthatDNAmethylationbiomarkersexhibitwithhighsensitivityandspecificity.ThesemarkersmayalsobeusedtodiagnoseCRCandadenomainearlystages.Realtimepolymerasechainreaction(qPCR)issensitive,scalable,specific,reliable,timesaving,andcosteffective.Stoolexfoliatedmarkersprovideadvantages,includingsensitivityandspecificity.AstoolqPCRmethylationtestmayalsobeanenhancedtoolforCRCandadenomascreening.

简介：Someantitumoractivitiesofcomponent(E),extractedfromtherootofFagopynumCymosum(Trev)Meisn(FCTM),haverecentlybeendiscoveredinvivoandinvitro.ThecomponentE(CE)’spatternofactionwithtumorcellularDNAatthemolecularpharmacologicallevelwasinvestigatedbymacromolecularsynthesisexperiment(MSE)andhumanDNAinteractionsystemestablishedinourlaboratory.Theexperimentsdemonstratedthat,invitro,theagentcouldmarkedlyinhibittheincorporationof3H-TdRintothecellularDNA,andtheIC50inP388leukemiacellandinSGC-7901cellwas17.86μg/mland110.4μg/ml,respectively.Theagent,atmg/mllevel,couldproduceanintercalationreversionpatternwithDNAwithinashorttime(2hours).Butwhentheintervalwasprolongedforover4hours,theactionchangedtointercalationirreversiblepattern.Accordingtotheseobservations,theauthorsinferthatCEinteractswithDNAintwoways-directlyandindirectly.Theindirectaction,especiallyinlowconcentr

简介：Objective:TolookforthefurtherevidenceforHPVL1HPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVascarcinogenicfactorsinlaryngealcarcinoma.Method:weexaminedrepresentativenumbersofspecimensfromlaryngealcancerwithhighlysensitivePCRtechniqueforthepresenceofHPVL1andhigh-risktypesHPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVLMP1.Results:UsingPCRdetection,7.3%sampleswereHPVL1positive,52.03%wereHPV16E6positive,30.89%wereHPV18E6positiveand9.13%wereEBVLMP1positive.ThelowincidenceofHPVL1andhighincidenceofHPV-16E6andHPV18E6genessuggestthatHPVmightbeintegratedintotumorcells.OurresultssupportaroleofHPV-16andHPV-18infectioninthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinomainChina.Conclusion:IntegrationofE6intohostgenomeandstableexpressionofthesegenesmaybeassociatedwiththecarcinogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.HPV-16andHPV-18maysynergisticallyfunctiononthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.Ourresultssuggestanassociationoflaryngealcarcinogenesisandinfectionwiththehigh-riskHPVtypes16,HPV18andEBV.

简介：Cancercellsdifferfromnormalcellsinvariousparameters,andthesedifferencesarecausedbygenomicmutationsandconsequentialalteredgeneexpression.Thegeneticandfunctionalheterogeneityoftumorcellsisamajorchallengeincancerresearch,detection,andeffectivetreatment.Assuch,theuseofdiagnosticmethodsisimportanttorevealthisheterogeneityatthesingle-celllevel.Dropletmicrofluidicdevicesareeffectivetoolsthatprovideexceptionalsensitivityforanalyzingsinglecellsandmolecules.Inthisreview,wehighlighttwonovelmethodsthatemploydropletmicrofluidicsforultrasensitivedetectionofnucleicacidsandproteinmarkersincancercells.Wealsodiscussthefuturepracticalapplicationsofthesemethods.

简介：表观遗传学的研究表明，脑肿瘤细胞中某些基因的高甲基化可以用来标记肿瘤预后，甲基化后的沉默产物可作为化疗反应的生物标记分子，而对DNA甲基化抑制剂的研究已成为肿瘤治疗的新方向。总之，在脑肿瘤的发生和发展中。DNA甲基化起着重要的作用。本文总结了肿瘤甲基化方面的最新进展。

简介：TheDNAcontentandmorphometricfeaturesofhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)andlivercelldysplasia(LCD),includingnucleararea,nuclearperimeter,nuclearmaximumdiameterandnuclearcirclediameter,werequantitativelydeterminedbymeansofimageanalysistechnology.Theresultsshowedthatincomparisonwithnormalhepatocytes,LCDhadamarkedlyincreasedDNAcontentandnuclearmorphometricparameters,butthevalueswerelowerthanthoseforHCC.LCDshowedaslightincreaseinnuclearatypiarepresentedbythenuclearirregularindex,whichwasalsolessthanHCC.ThefindingsindicatethatLCDmaybeaprecaneerouslesionofHCC,tothecellsinanabnormalproliferativestate.

简介：核内不均一核糖核蛋白A2/B1（hnRNPA2/B1）是核不均一核糖核蛋白家族的成员，其在细胞生命活动中起着非常重要的作用，主要参与pre-mRNA的可变剪接和转录调控、端粒维持及细胞增殖、迁移过程，在很多肿瘤中呈高表达的状态。本文就hnRNPA2/B1在肿瘤中的作用与机制及其所涉及的其他功能作一综述。

简介：Rat-1cellsweretransfectedwithDNAfromhumanesophagealcancer2K,4K,6K,7K.8K.Thetransformingfociwereobtainedandthetransformingcelllineswereestablished.Thecelllinescanformlargercolonyinsoftagar.Thosenudemiceinjectedsubcutaneouslywiththecellssufferedfromlargerfibroussarcoma.Thisindicatesthatthecelllineshavecarcinogenicity.TheexperimentalresultssuggestthathumanDNAsequenceandhumanHa-rasspecial616Kb(BamHI)bandarepresentintheDNAofthetransformingcells.Theover-expressionofrasgeneproductsP21werefoundinthetissuesofexophagealcancer,thetissuesadjacenttotumorandthetransformingcells.

简介：目的研究流式细胞术DNA倍体和细胞周期分析、突变型p53检测用于良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的临床可行性.方法24例标本(12例恶性,12例良性)采用流式细胞术细胞内抗原检测的直接免疫荧光标记法检测胸腔积液细胞中表达突变型p53的阳性细胞百分率和p53表达的平均荧光强度,并且通过PI染色分析细胞倍型和周期分布.结果流式细胞术DNA倍体分析用于恶性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性为66.7%,特异性100%.倍体分析和细胞学检查联合应用能将诊断的敏感性提高到100%,特异性仍为100%.良性胸腔积液和恶性胸腔积液p53表达有显著性差异.以p53阳性细胞百分率＞90%为阳性标准,p53用于良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为83.3%和91.7%.联合p53阳性细胞百分率和DNA倍体分析对恶性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性能提高到91.7%,特异性91.7%.细胞周期SPF(S期时相百分比)在良恶性胸腔积液之间没有显著差异.结论流式细胞术DNA倍体分析和突变型p53检测可以作为临床良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的辅助手段,结合细胞学检查更有意义.

简介：Objective:Theelevatedincidenceofobesityhasbeenparalleledwithhigherrisksofbreastcancer.Highadiposityincreasesleptinsecretionfromadiposetissue,whichinturnincreasescancercellproliferation.Theinterplaybetweenleptinandestrogenisoneofthemechanismsthroughwhichleptininfluencesbreastcarcinogenesis.Anunbalancedestrogenmetabolismincreasestheformationsofcatecholestrogenquinones,DNAadducts,andcancermutations.ThisstudyaimstoinvestigatetheeffectofleptinonsomeestrogenmetabolicenzymesandDNAadductioninbreastcancercells.Methods:Highperformanceliquidchromatography(HPLC)wasperformedtoanalyzetheDNAadducts4-OHE1[E2]-1-N3adenineand4-OHE1[E2]-1-N7guanine.Reportergeneassay,realtimereversetranscriptionpolymerasechainreaction(realtimeRT-PCR),andWesternblotwereusedtoassesstheexpressionofestrogenmetabolizinggenesandenzymes:CytochromeP-4501B1(CYP1B1),Nicotinamideadeninedinucleotidephosphate-quinoneoxidoreductase1(NQO1),andCatechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT).Results:LeptinsignificantlyincreasedtheDNAadducts4-OHE1[E2]-1-N3adenineand4-OHE1[E2]-1-N7guanine.Furthermore,leptinsignificantlyupregulatedCYP1B1promoteractivityandproteinexpression.TheluciferasepromoteractivitiesofNQO1andmRNAlevelsweresignificantlyreduced.Moreover,leptingreatlyreducedthereporteractivitiesoftheCOMT-P1andCOMT-P2promotersanddiminishedtheproteinexpressionofCOMT.Conclusions:LeptinincreasesDNAadductlevelsinbreastcancercellspartlybyaffectingkeygenesandenzymesinvolvedinestrogenmetabolism.Thus,increasedfocusshouldbedirectedtowardleptinanditseffectsontheestrogenmetabolicpathwayasaneffectiveapproachagainstbreastcancer.

简介：DuckhepatitisBvims(DHBV)DNAwasdetectedindifferenttumorousnodulesofduckswithhepaticmulticentriccancerorintrahepaticmetastasisbySouthernblottechnique.Among7duckswithhepatocellularcarcinomaofmultipletumornodules,thehybridizationpatternofIntegratedDHBVDNAIndifferenttumorousnoduleswasidenticalin3casesanddifferentin2cases.OnecaseshowedasimilarhybridizationpatternintwotumorousnodulesandotheronewasnegativetorDHBVDNA.IntegratedDHBVDNAwasalsoidentifiedinametastaticlungcancerofduckswithhepatocellularcarcinoma.Thehybridizationpatternofmetastasisoflungswasasthesomeasthatinprimaryhepatocellularcarcinoma.ThesamediscretehybridizationbandsInthedifferenttumorousnodulesindicatethatthesenodulesmightarisefromonetransformedcell.ThedifferenthybridizationpatternsInvarioustumorousnodulesshowthatthesetumorousnodulesmightarisefromvarioustransformedcells.Theresultssuggestthatthehyb

简介：ＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＦＲＥＶＥＲＳＡＬＯＮＩＮＨＩＢＩＴＩＮＧＤＮＡＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＡＮＤＣＬＯＮＡＬＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＨＬ－６０ＣＥＬＬＳＷＩＴＨＨＹＰＥＲＴＨＥＲＭＩＡＣｈｅｎＸｉｅｑｕｎ；ＳｈｅｎＳｕｙｕｎ；ＨｕＳｈｅｎｇｈｕｉ；ＷｕＢ...

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简介：一项新的研究发现，在行食管切除术的食管癌患者中，循环血液中DNA水平可能有助于衡量切除的完整性，以判断是否存在残余肿瘤或早期复发。

简介：ＵＳＩＮＧ３ＰＲＩＭＥＲＰＡＩＲＳＴＯＤＥＴＥＣＴＨＢＶＤＮＡＩＮＬＩＶＥＲＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＦＲＯＭＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＳＷＩＴＨＰＣＲ　ＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＣｈｅｎＭｉｎｇ陈明；ＬｕＬｉｎｇ吕凌；ＹａｏＪｉｌｕ姚集鲁；Ｐｅｎｇ...

简介：ＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＳＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＫＩ－６７ＳＣＯＲＥ，ＤＮＡＩＮＤＥＸ，ＡＮＤＨＩＳＴＯＬＯＧＩＣＧＲＡＤＥＩＮＳＯＦＴＴＩＳＳＵＥ　ＳＡＲＣＯＭＡＳＷａｎｇｙａｎｏｎｇ王亚农；ＳｈｉＤａｒｅｎ施达仁；ＳｈｅｎＺ...

简介：目的：探讨胸腔积液中细胞DNA的含量分析对良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法：46例胸腔积液患者，分为恶性和良性两组，采用全自动细胞DNA定量分析系统测定胸腔积液细胞DNA的含量，同时检测癌胚抗原（CEA）。结果：对于恶性胸腔积液，全自动细胞DNA分析诊断的敏感性为58．3％，特异性为100．0％，准确性78．3％，而CEA分别为54．2％、81．8％和67．4％。如两项指标中任何一项阳性，诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为87．5％，81．8％和84．8％；两项指标同时阳性，特异性可达100．0％。结论：全自动细胞DNA定量分析对胸腔积液的鉴别有重要的临床参考价值，联合胸腔积液的CEA检测，可以提高诊断的有效性。

简介：分支链DNA信号放大技术（bDNA）是一种基于探针杂交信号放大的检测系统，无需对mRNA纯化和反转录即可对mRNA做精确的定量检测，有灵敏度高、线性范围宽、准确性好和结果稳定可靠等优点，具有良好的临床科研应用价值。本文就bDNA技术的原理及其在CMV、HBV、HCV和HIV等病毒定量检测、基因表达分析以及肿瘤基因分析等方面的应用作一介绍。

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