简介：常规时间成像技术不能够生产精确地震成像在Tarim盆的山前面表面下，中国。他们的想象的结构导致了以前钻失败的某专业，忍受他们的结构的闭合有的坏名声车轮和他们的结构的高度有弹簧。这篇文章首先列出成像挑战，并且解释在一图解时间成像技术为什么在这个区域失败。然后通过一系列真实数据例子，当时，它表明那在那里存在侧面的速度变化，深度成像是唯一的答案在这个区域处理成像挑战。为wavefield的复杂性的深度成像报道，因此生产优异、地质的嘴巧的图象。在适当地执行深度成像的核心任务是造速度模型。这篇文章强调一些主要方面在这方面。

简介：地震当(SWD)钻是新兴的地上凿穿时把downhole练习小点颤动用作地震的地震成像技术采购原料。没有打断钻，SWD技术能在小点前做岩石形成的在即时附近的图象并且优化钻操作，与费用的减小和钻的风险。然而，到表面SWD数据的噪音比率(SNR)的信号为SWD数据的表面获得是严重地低的。这里，我们建议一个新方法从一连串的宽带测震表记录的表面数据检索练习小点信号。利用wavefield分析，噪音的不同类型被识别并且从表面SWD数据搬迁了，导致SNR的重要改进。我们最佳地也综合位来源的地震反应，用统计跨连贯的分析指导然后被用来证实一个反向的垂直地震侧面(RVSP)数据为连续的钻深度设定的到达和思考进一步改进SNR并且两个都检索练习小点。从这些数据导出的表面下的图象与三尺寸的表面的相应图象作比较很好地震调查十字很好。

简介：Aseismicstabilityassessmentofarchdam-foundationsystemsispresentedusingacomprehensiveapproach,inwhichthemainfactorsthatsignificantlyinfluencetheseismicresponseofanarchdam-foundationsystemareconsidered.Alargescalefiniteelementmodelwithover1milliondegreesoffreedomisconstructedfortheBaihetanarchdam(289mhigh),whichisunderconstructionintheSouthwestofChina.Inparticular,thecomplicatedgeologicalconditionswithfaultsintersectinginterlayershearweaknesszonesatthedambaseandthedamabutmentresistingforcebodyismodeledintheanalysis.Threeperformanceindicesareadoptedtoassesstheseismicstabilityofthearchdam.TheresultsdemonstratethattheopeningofthejointsoftheBaihetanarchdamissmallandthewaterstopinstalledbetweenthejointswouldnotbetornduringadesignearthquake.Theyieldingformedintheinterfacebetweenthedamandfoundationdoesnotreachthegroutingcurtainthatwouldremaininanelasticstateafteranearthquake.Theyieldingzonesoccurringontheupperportionofthedamfacesextend1/8thicknessofblocksectionintothedambodyandthuscantileverblocksneednotbeconcernedwithslidingstability.Thefaultsandinterlayershearweaknesszonesinthenearfieldfoundationexhibitsevereyielding,andapotentialslidingsurfaceispenetrated.Althoughthefactorofsafetyagainstslidingofthesurfacefluctuateswithadecreasedtrendduringanearthquake,theminimuminstantaneousvaluereaches1.02andisstilllargerthan1.0.Therefore,aconclusionisdrawnthattheBaihetanarchdam-foundationsystemwillremainstableunderthedesignearthquake.

简介：作为改进Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)的关键技术，整体实验模式分解(EEMD)有消除混合现象的模式的好表演，它在地震信息的观察上有强壮的影响。然而，从EEMD获得的内在的模式功能(IMF)包含噪音，以便发现一个更柔韧的频率评价方法计算即时频率被要求(如果)IMF。为这个原因，改进HHT算法基于抑制即时频率(DIF)被建议克服EEMD的缺乏。与其它相比如果评价方法，DIF有强壮的antinoise能力和高评价精确性。合成、真实的地震数据的测试结果证明建议算法为提取地震即时属性可行、有效。

简介：TheSutongBridgeinChinaopenedtotrafficin2008,andisanarterialconnectionbetweenthecitiesofNantongandSuzhou.Itisacable-stayedbridgewithamainspanof1,088m.Duetoatightconstructionscheduleandlackofsuitableseismicdevicesatthetime,fixedsupportswereinstalledbetweenthepiersandthegirderinthetransversedirection.Asaresult,significanttransverseseismicforcescouldoccurinthepiersandfoundations,especiallyduringareturnperiodofa2500-yearearthquake.Therefore,thepiers,foundationsandfixedbearingshadtobedesignedextraordinarilystrong.However,whenlargerearthquakesoccur,thebearings,piersandfoundationsarestillvulnerable.Therecentrapiddevelopmentsinseismictechnologyandtheperformance-baseddesignapproachofferabetteropportunitytooptimizethetransverseseismicdesignfortheSutongBridgepiers.TheoptimizeddesigncanbeappliedtotheSutongBridge(asaretrofit),aswellasotherbridges.Seismicdesignalternativesutilizingviscousfluiddampers(VFD),orfrictionpendulumslidingbearings(FPSB),ortransverseyieldingmetallicdampers(TYMD)arethoroughlystudiedinthiswork,andtheresultsarecomparedwiththosefromthecurrentconditionwithfixedtransversesupportsandahypotheticalconditioninwhichonlyslidingbearingsareprovidedontopofthepiers(thegirdercanmove"freely"inthetransversedirectionduringtheearthquake,exceptforfrictionalforcesoftheslidingbearings).Parametricanalyseswereperformedtooptimizethedesignoftheseproposedseismicdevices.Fromthecomparisonofthepeakbridgeresponsesintheseconfigurations,itwasfoundthatbothVFDandTYMDareveryeffectiveinthereductionoftransverseseismicforcesinpiers,whileatthesametimekeepingtherelativetransversedisplacementsbetweenpiersandtheboxgirderwithinacceptablelimits.However,comparedtoVFD,TYMDdonotinteractwiththelongitudinaldisplacementsofthegirder,andhavesimplerdetail

简介：Inthispaper,weanalyzedtheOneFoundationsreliefandreconstructionactivitiesaftertheYaanearthquake.TheanalysisshowsthattheparticipationofNGOsindisasterreliefactivitieshasundergonedifferentstages.IntheJiujiangearthquake,NGOsparticipationwasintherudimentarystage.IntheWenchuanearthquake,theybecameoneoftheactiveparticipants.IntheYaanearthquake,theyplayedanactiverolethroughacooperationmechanism.ThatmeansNGOshavehadthecapabilityofresourcemobilizationandcooperationwiththemwillimprovedisastermanagementcapacities,especiallyinthenationalsignificantseismicmonitoringandprotectionregions.

简介：与计算力量的开发，在那里，数据试穿的一个增加的焦点被联系了为高保真度的地震倒置技术地震速度模型和图象，例如完整波形的倒置和最少的广场移植。尽管更多比常规方法进展了，这些数据试穿方法不管多么能以计算费用是很昂贵的。最近，优化这些数据试穿的各种各样的技术地震倒置问题被实现了迎合对很改进的效率的工业需要。在这研究，我们建议一个将军随机为这些数据试穿结合坡度方法相关反的问题。我们首先规定我们的方法的基本理论然后给合成例子。我们的数字实验为大尺寸的地震倒置申请说明这个方法的潜力。

简介：Thewindenergyindustryhasbeengrowingrapidlyduringthepastdecades.Alongwiththisgrowth,engineeringproblemshavegraduallyemergedinthewindpowerindustry,includingthoserelatedtothestructuralreliabilityofturbinetowers.Thisstudyproposesarapidseismicanalysismethodologyforexistingwindturbinetowerstructures.Themethodisdemonstratedandvalidatedusingacasestudyona1.5MWtubularsteelwindturbinetower.Threefiniteelement(FE)modelsaredevelopedfirst.Fieldtestsareconductedtoobtaintheturbinetower’svibrationalcharacteristics.Thetestsinclude(1)remotelymeasuringthetowervibrationfrequenciesusingalongrangelaserDopplerVibrometerand(2)monitoringthetowerstructuralvibrationbymountingaccelerometersalongtheheightofthetubularstructure.In-situmeasurementsareusedtovalidateandupdatetheFEmodelsofthewindturbinetower.WiththeupdatedFEmodelthatrepresentsthepracticalstructuralconditions,seismicanalysesareperformedtostudythestructuralfailure,whichisdefinedbythesteelyieldingofthetubulartower.Thisresearchisanticipatedtobenefitthemanagementoftheincreasingnumberofwindenergyconvertersbyprovidinganunderstandingoftheseismicassessmentofexistingtubularsteelwindturbinetowers.

简介：Characteristicperiodisanimportantparameteroftheseismicdesignresponsespectrum.Thereisimportanttheoreticalsignificanceandengineeringapplicationvaluetothestudyofthecharacteristicperiodofseismicdesignresponsespectrumofultrahighvoltage(UHV)electricalequipment.Inthispaper,1448horizontalearthquakerecordswithintheworldscopeincludingtheUnitedStatesandJapanforSiteClassⅢwereanalyzed.Resultsshowthatbothmagnitudeandepicentraldistancehavegreatinfluenceonthecharacteristicperiod.About80%ofcharacteristicperiodsofstrongearthquakerecordsareabout0.9s.Statisticalanalysiswasconductedontheseismichazardassessmentresultsof312projectsofChinainrecentyears,anditisfoundthatabout70%ofcharacteristicperiodsareabout0.9s.Combinedwiththerelatedcodecomparisonandanalysis,itissuggestedthatthecharacteristicperiodoftheseismicdesignresponsespectrumofUHVelectricalequipmentshouldselect0.9sinordertoeffectivelyguaranteetheseismicsafetyofUHVelectricalequipment.

简介：Common-reflection-point(CRP)集合是连接地震数据和petrophysical参数的一座桥。预先叠属性抽取并且预先叠倒置，他们俩是水库预言的重要工具。CRP集合的质量通常在地震探索的精确性上有大影响。因此，预先叠CRP集合噪音抑制技术成为一个主要研究方向。基于向量分解原则，这里，我们建议一个方法压制噪音。这个方法由在各种各样的方向寻找估计最佳的单位向量然后通过向量角度变光滑和限制压制噪音。模型测试显示建议方法能把有效信号与噪音分开很好并且在单个wavenumber大小写中有效地压制随机的噪音。我们到真实数据的方法的申请证明方法能恢复有效信号，好振幅保存了从预先叠甚至在到噪音比率(SNR)的低信号的情况中的吵闹的地震数据。

简介：这份报纸为大楼描述一套所在地的地震安全评估系统，它基于一个网络平台被开发。嵌进从地震以后的地根据食物被完成的量的研究结果的系统工作，第2部分：对大楼的安全评价，GB18208.2-2001,并且进一步被开发进一个容易使用的软件平台。系统针对允许在地点上设计专业版，民用的engineeingtechnicists或影响地震的牺牲品在地震以后通过一个网络估计损坏大楼。作者深入地学习了函数结构，安全评估模块的进程设计，和系统的层次分析算法模块，并且开发了一般体系结构设计，开发技术和系统的数据库设计。象层次建筑学设计和JavaEE那样的技术在系统发展被使用，并且MySQL5在数据库发展被采用。结果是损坏和安全的信息收集，安全评估，和输出的完全的评估进程度，以及询问和识别大楼的统计分析。系统能在分享专家起一个积极作用地震以后的经验和一个地震领域上的大楼的支持的安全评估。

简介：AnindexingmethodforrapidevaluationoftheseismicvulnerabilityofinfilledRCframebuildingsinJordanisproposed.Themethodaimsatidentifyinglowandmediumriseresidentialbuildingsassafeorinneedoffurtherdetailedevaluation.Followingarapidvisualscreening,thebuildingisassignedaBasicCapacityIndex(BCI);fiveperformancemodifiersareidentifiedandmultipliedbytheBCItoarriveattheCapacityIndex(CI)ofthebuilding.ACapacityIndexlowerthanalimitCIvalueindicatesthatthescreenedbuildingcouldexperiencemoderateearthquakedamagewhereasahighervalueimpliesthatminordamage,ifany,wouldtakeplace.Toestablishthebasicevaluationparameters;fortyRCframebuildingswereselected,designedandanalyzedusingstaticnonlinearanalysisandincorporatingtheeffectofinfillwalls.Effectsofseismicity,localsiteconditions,horizontalirregularities(setbacksandre-entrantcorners),verticalirregularities(softstoryatgroundfloorlevel)andoverhangsontheseismicperformanceoflocalbuildingswereexamined.Assessmentformsweredesignedandusedtoevaluateandrank112samplebuildings.About40%ofthesurveyedbuildingswerefoundtobeinneedofdetailedevaluationtobetterdefinetheirseismicvulnerabilities.

简介：Buildingcodeshavewidelyconsideredtheshearwavevelocitytomakeareliablesubsoilseismicclassification,basedontheknowledgeofthemechanicalpropertiesofmaterialdepositsdowntobedrock.Thisapproachhaslimitationsbecausegeophysicaldataareoftenveryexpensivetoobtain.Recently,otheralternativeshavebeenproposedbasedonmeasurementsofbackgroundnoiseandestimationoftheH/Vamplificationcurve.However,theuseofthistechniqueneedsaregulatoryframeworkbeforeitcanbecomearealisticsiteclassificationprocedure.ThispaperproposesanewformulationforcharacterizingdesignsitesinaccordancewiththeAlgerianseismicbuildingcode(RPA99/ver.2003),throughtransferfunctions,byfollowingastochasticapproachcombinedtoastatisticalstudy.Foreachsoiltype,thedeterministiccalculationoftheaveragetransferfunctionisperformedoverawidesampleof1-Dsoilprofiles,wheretheaverageshearwave(S-W)velocity,Vs,insoillayersissimulatedusingrandomfieldtheory.Averagetransferfunctionsarealsousedtocalculateaveragesitefactorsandnormalizedaccelerationresponsespectratohighlighttheamplificationpotentialofeachsitetype,sincefrequencycontentofthetransferfunctionissignificantlysimilartothatoftheH/Vamplificationcurve.ComparisonisdonewiththeRPA99/ver.2003andEurocode8(EC8)designresponsespectra,respectively.Intheabsenceofgeophysicaldata,theproposedclassificationapproachtogetherwithmicro-tremormeasurescanbeusedtowardabettersoilclassification.

简介：蜿蜒地流的河免职的水库建筑学是建筑群，当层厚度在地震垂直分辨率下面时，传统的地震外形解释方法不能描绘它。在这研究，为点酒吧描述的一个地震sedimentology解释方法和工作流被造。第一，地震频率的影响和在地震思考以后的沙岩厚度被露头察觉与渗透雷达(GPR)并且地震前面的建模的地面分析。(1)沙岩厚度能影响点工具条建筑学的地震思考，这被发现。与从1/4波长增加沙岩厚度()到/2，从模糊思考各种各样的地震思考几何学，V类型思考到X类型思考；(2)地震频率能影响水库地震思考几何学。地震事件跟随使倾向的侧面的沉积表面，它是isochronicdepositional边界，在高频率地震数据当事件延长时，lithologic出现，它是水平，在低频率数据。第二，为薄层depositional描述的阶层片解释方法与地震前面的建模被讨论。最后，一个方法和工作流基于上述学习被造它包括地震频率分析，分阶段执行的90o，stratal切和片和地震侧面的综合解释。这个方法在泰戈在真实数据学习被使用浅，墨西哥湾。蜿蜒地流的河的免职的二个事件在学习层被认出。更低的单位的沙岩，在低基础水平舞台被形成，散布有限。沙岩分发尺寸和隧道蜿蜒在上面的层变得更大，它是高基础的水平免职。

简介：Performance-baseddesigninearthquakeengineeringisastructuraloptimizationproblemthathas,astheobjective,thedeterminationofdesignparametersfortheminimizationoftotalcosts,whileatthesametimesatisfyingminimumreliabilitylevelsforthespecifiedperformancecriteria.Totalcostsincludethoseforconstructionandstructuraldamagerepairs,thoseassociatedwithnon-structuralcomponentsandthesocialcostsofeconomiclosses,injuriesandfatalities.Thispaperpresentsageneralframeworktoapproachthisproblem,usinganumericaloptimizationstrategyandincorporatingtheuseofneuralnetworksfortheevaluationofdynamicresponsesandthereliabilitylevelsachievedforagivensetofdesignparameters.Thestrategyisappliedtoanexampleofathree-storyofficebuilding.Theresultsshowtheimportanceofconsideringthesocialcosts,andtheoptimumfailureprobabilitieswhenminimumreliabilityconstraintsarenottakenintoaccount.

简介：TheextensivedamagetobuildingscausedbytheNepalM_s8.1earthquakehasattractedmuchattentionbytheinternationalcommunity.AfterthepreliminaryscientificinvestigationsonthedifferentaffectedareasinNepal,theconstructionanddamagecharacteristicsoffivedifferenttypesofbuildingscommonlyexistinginNepalwerediscussedandthereasonsoftheirdisasterperformancewereanalyzed.Typesofbuildingsinvestigatedincludereinforcedconcrete(RC)framestructures,rubblestructures,brick-woodstructures,rawsoilstructures,andbrick-woodstructuresofhistoricbuildings.Inaddition,theweaklinksoftheseismicdesignwerepointedout,whichwasveryimportantforthepost-earthquakereconstructionandrecovery,andgaveapreliminaryexplanationsforthedamageexperienced.

简介：扩大堆积柄在一个稠密的沙的地点上成立了的一条大直径的地震行为在这份报纸被调查。首先，确定的分析包括非线性的动态分析(NDA)和闲差事分析被进行获得卓见进堆积的行为并且保证一种适当建模技术被利用。然后，概率的分析用各种各样的要求的NDA的结果被执行。到这个目的，一套40个像脉搏的地面运动被拣并且随后40非线性动态并且闲差事分析被执行。从NDA获得的数据被用来产生概率的地震需求模型(PSDM)阴谋并且因而，为每个阴谋的中部的行和分散被计算。NDA和闲差事数据也对对方被阴谋发现到到什么程度，他们被相关。这些操作为各种各样的工程需求参数(电子数据处理)被做。敏感分析被做拣将从7不同IM在PSDM阴谋引起最小的分散的最适当的紧张措施(IM)。山峰地面加速(针网阵列)被发现是最适当的IM。能被用于闲差事分析数据关于NDA产出更好的结果的针网阵列的一个函数被建议的闲差事系数方程。在结束，和平的地震工程研究(同伴)中心方法论被利用用从PSDM阴谋并且就损坏从未成年者到的各种各样的状态而言获得的性质产生脆弱曲线严重。扩大堆积柄与严重损坏相比关于次要的损坏与更高的可能性显示出更多的危险。

简介：海洋的地震思考调查被强壮的水底部multiples经常掩盖在第一个多重波浪以外限制数据的使用。在这研究，我们成功地在地震思考由使用反向的时间移植(请读使用手册)从洛杉机地区性的地震实验(LARSE)介绍的二个水兵的深度图象压制了许多多重人工制品。与使用仅仅主要的思考和衍射的很地震的思考方法相对照，双向请读使用手册移植primaries和多重思考到他们起源的地方：海床multiples到海底部和到思考接口的primaries。基于LARSE线的RTM深度节1和2，我们从海底部认出五个stratigraphic单位到6km的深度。这些单位是上新世和更年轻的阶层，可能中新世的syntectonic阶层，象Catalina上的中新世的暴烈的层一样的未知年龄和岩性学的二个更深的序列隆起。在上面的外壳中的几推断的火的侵入包括第六个单位。在Catalina盆的厚沉积的节的存在，可能包括Paleogene和白垩纪在先弧阶层，有重要地质的意义。如果由进一步的研究证实，结构的电流和加利福尼亚边界地方的stratigraphic解释的重要修订将被保证。

简介：Byusinganoffshorelargevolumeair-gunseismicsource,onshoreseismicstations(includingmobilestationsandpermanentstations)andoceanbottomseismometers,adeepseismicexplorationexperimentwascarriedoutforthefirsttimeintheTaiwanStraits.Resultsshowthatseismicstationscanreceiveseismicsignalsfromtheair-gunarraysofthe"YANPINGⅡ"scientificinvestigationshipfromasfaras280kmaway.TensofthousandsofhighqualityseismicdataitemswereobtainedsuccessfullyanddifferenttypesofP-waveseismicphaseswereidentified.Aone-dimensionalcrustalstructuremodelofthesurveyprofileHX9showsthatthecrustalstructure,whichisreflectedbyPcandPmPreflectionwavesfromtwovelocitydiscontinuitiesandbasementrefractionwave(Pg)constitutesthebasiccharacteristicofthecrustalstructureinthisregion.ThedepthsofConraddiscontinuityandMohodiscontinuityarerespectively16.0km-17.5kmand28.0km-29.5km.

简介：Thekeyparametersfordamagedetectionandlocalizationareeigenfrequencies,relatedequivalentviscousdampingfactorsandmodeshapes.Theclassicalapproachisbasedontheevaluationofthesestructuralparametersbeforeandafteraseismicevent,butbyusingamodernapproachbasedontime-frequencytransformationsitispossibletoquantifytheseparametersthroughoutthegroundshakingphase.InparticularwiththeuseoftheS-Transform,itispossibletofollowthetemporalevolutionofthestructuraldynamicsparametersbefore,duringandafteranearthquake.Inthispaper,amethodologyfordamagelocalizationonframedstructuressubjectedtostrongmotionearthquakesisproposedbasedonmonitoringthemodalcurvaturevariationinthenaturalfrequencyofastructure.Twoexamplesofapplicationaredescribedtoillustratethetechnique:Computersimulationofthenonlinearresponseofamodel,andseverallaboratory(shakingtable)testsperformedattheUniversityofBasilicata(Italy).Damagedetectedusingtheproposedapproachanddamagerevealedviavisualinspectionsinthetestsarecompared.