简介:<正>Sincetheeighties,thestudyofMahakalainmainlandChina,fromliterarytextsonMahakalatotheprominentmanuscriptsofKhara-Khoto(黑水城),canbedividedintosixcategories,namelythespreadofMahakala,thestudyofMahakalainSouthZhaoDali(南诏大理),thestudyoftheMahakalamanuscriptsinTangut(西夏),thehistoryandportraitsofMahakalafromtheYuandynasty,thestudyofMahakalafromtheQingdynastyandthestudyofMahakalaliterature.
简介:<正>Sinceitsfoundinginthe11thcentury,theSa-skya-pahasbeenpartofTibetanBuddhism.Inthe13thand14thcenturies,thissectdevelopedintoadominantpoliticalpower.ItsleaderwasevenappointedtoanofficeinthecentralgovernmentthatwasresponsibleforadministratingBuddhistaffairsinallofChina.Historically,thisleaderplayedaroleinTibet’ssurrendertoMongoliaduringtheYuanDynastyinthemiddleofthe13thcentury.