简介:HaveyoueverheardofAgathaChristie,anexcellentwriter?AgathaChristieis,withoutadoubt,themostfamousmystery1intheworld.Herbookshavebeentranslatedintomorethan100languages.All77novelsandstorycollectionsshewrotearestillonthemarket25yearsafterher2.AgathaChristiewasbornin1890inasouthwestEnglandseasidetown.She3averycomfortablechildhoodinabighousewithplentyofservants(仆人).Agathawasknown4animaginativechild.Withhersisterandbrotherawayatschool,sheoftenplayedalone.Shepassedthetimeby5upstorieswhichshetoldtoherself.
简介:教学目标:基础性目标:I.Knowledgeobjectives:Tolearntousethepresentprogressivetense.II.Abilityobjectives:Tolearntotalkaboutwhatpeoplearedoing.III.Moralobjective:Tolearntogetalongwellwithourfamilymembers,neighborsandfriends.Companyisthelongestconfessionoflove.发展性目标:1.Tohelpthestudentsdevelopthelisteningandspeakingskills.2.Toleadthestudentstoenhancetheresponsibilitiesofhome.
简介:Cytarabine(1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine,Ara-C),isolatedfromaCaribbeanspongespeciesTethyacrypta,isthefirstantitumordrugfromamarineresource.In1980,theUSFoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthisdrugforthetreatmentofdifferenttypesofleukemia.Thisdrughasashortplasmahalf-life,lowstability,limitedbioavailability,andseveresideeffects.Toimprovestabilityandbioavailability,wesynthesizedninenovelderivativesbyblockingthecytarabinemetabolicsitesandimprovinglipophilicity.ThecLogPvaluesofthenewlysynthesizedcompoundswerecalculated.Allthesynthesizedcompoundsweremorelipophilicthancytarabine,resultinginmembranepermeabilityandbioavailabilityimprovement.TheantitumoractivitiesagainstleukemiacelllineHL-60wereevaluatedbyusingtheMTTassay.ThebioassayresultsrevealedthattheIC50valuesofcompounds5,8and9were0.080,0.090and0.057μmolL-1,respectively,whichwassimilarwiththatofcytarabine(0.056μmolL-1).Incomparison,compound4withaphosphategroupatO5’wasinactive.Becausephosphoesterbondsareeasilyhydrolyzedbyalkalinephosphataseandarecommonlyusedinproducingprodrugstrategies,compound4mightalsobemetabolizedinvivoandgeneratecompound3orevencytarabinethroughamulti-stepreaction.Thus,compound4mightbeapromisingcompoundtobedevelopedasaprodrug.
简介:摘要目的探讨真菌细胞壁(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖体外检测的影响因素。方法实验组将白色假丝酵母菌分别用正常血浆、无热原蒸馏水、0.9%的生理盐水、0.02%两性霉素B生理盐水和0.75%氟康唑生理盐水稀释为0.05麦氏单位(含白色假丝酵母菌1×107CFU/ml),对照组将上述各液稀释100倍,采用免疫沉淀试验(G试验)检测其10次(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖含量,并进行体外培养,以此探讨生理盐水、抗真菌药物对(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖体外检测的影响。结果实验组中,正常血浆葡聚糖含量为(92.5±14.2)ug/L,蒸馏水组含量为(94.5±15.2)ug/L,生理盐水组含量为为(93.6±14.8)ug/L,两性霉素B组含量为(95.5±16.2)ug/L,氟康唑组(97.3±16.8)ug/L,经统计检验组内结果间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。对照组中正常血浆含量为(6.8土2.7)ug/L,蒸馏水组含量为(6.1±2.4)ug/L,生理盐水组含量为为(7.3±2.0)ug/L,两性霉素B含量为(6.8±2.5)ug/L,氟康唑组(6.7±2.8)ug/L,经统计检验组内间结果无显著性差异(P>0.05)。实验组与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论体外真菌细胞壁(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖含量变化与液体介质无关,与真菌治疗药物无关,与真菌数量密切相关。
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简介:Byemployingaradiofrequency(RF)feedbackchain,theself-interferencecanbecanceledefficientlyinco-timeco-frequencyfullduplex(CCFD).However,theevitablesignalcrosstalkwhichiscausedbytheimperfectRFfeedbackchainisolationusuallydamagestheself-interferencecancelation(SIC)performance.Todealwiththisproblem,firstly,weanalyzetheimpactofRFfeedbackchainisolationonSICperformance.ThenadigitalpreprocessingschemewithRFfeedbackchainisproposedinthemultiple-antennaCCFDarchitecture.Usingbothanalyticalandexperimentalmethods,wefindthattheproposedschemeachievesabetterperformanceonSIC.
简介:X-rayimagingistheconventionalmethodfordiagnosingtheorthopedicconditionofapatient.ComputerizedTomography(CT)scanningisanotherdiagnosticmethodthatprovidespatient’s3Danatomicalinformation.However,bothmethodshavelimitationswhendiagnosingthewholeleg;X-rayimagingdoesnotprovide3Dinformation,andnormalCTscanningcannotbeperformedwithastandingposture.Obtaining3Ddataregardingthewholeleginastandingpostureisclinicallyimportantbecauseitenables3Danalysisintheweightbearingcondition.Basedontheseclinicalneeds,ahardware-basedbi-planeX-rayimagingsystemhasbeendeveloped;itusestwoorthogonalX-rayimages.However,suchmethodshavenotbeenmadeavailableingeneralclinicsbecauseofthehightcost.Therefore,weproposedawidelyadaptivemethodfor2DX-rayimageand3DCTscandata.Bythismethod,itispossibletothreedimensionallyanalyzethewholeleginstandingposture.TheoptimalpositionthatgeneratesthemostsimilarimageisthecapturedX-rayimage.Thealgorithmverifiesthesimilarityusingtheperformanceoftheproposedmethodbysimulation-basedexperiments.Then,weanalyzedtheinternal-externalrotationangleofthefemurusingrealpatientdata.Approximately10.55degreesofinternalrotationswerefoundrelativetothedefinedanterior-posteriordirection.Inthispaper,wepresentausefulregistrationmethodusingtheconventionalX-rayimageand3DCTscandatatoanalyzethewholelegintheweight-bearingcondition.
简介:目的探讨血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖(即G实验)对院内侵袭性真菌感染的临床价值。方法选择2016.11~2017.4在宁夏医科大学总医院住院患者中院内侵袭性真菌感染的高危患者132例,血浆(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖含量使用MB-80微生物快速检测动态系统及其试剂进行检测,用ROC曲线比较G实验、真菌培养、G实验联合真菌培养的检测结果。结果132例高危院内IFI感染的患者中,共有43例诊断为院内侵袭性真菌感染,真菌培养的敏感度为67%,特异度为96%,阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV)分别是0.72和0.80,G实验的敏感度为70%,特异度为88%,PPV和NPV分别是0.73和0.86;G实验真菌培养检测的敏感度提高为84%,特异度提高为92%,阳性预测值0.78,阴性预测值0.92;G实验Youden指数0.58,真菌培养Youden指数0.63,联合检测Youden指数提高到0.76;G实验结果、真菌培养结果及联合检测结果进行ROC曲线分析,曲线下面积分别为0.717,0.757及0.798。结论G实验是一种快速、简便、实用的侵袭性真菌感染的早期诊断方法,联合传统真菌培养可提高诊断的敏感度、特异度及诊断价值。