简介：1.TheendocannabinoidsysteminobesityandmetabolicdisordersAsobesityandassociatedmetabolicdisorders,suchastype2diabetesanddyslipidemia,arebecomingoneofthemostserioushealthproblemsworldwide,developmentofeffectivetherapiesisahighpriority.Inthesearchfortreatments,therecentlydiscoveredendocannabinoidsystem(ECS)hasbeguntogarnerattention,andawealthofresearchisnowfocusing

简介：Gutmicrobiotaexertsasignificantroleinthepathogenesisofthemetabolicsyndrome,asconfirmedbystudiesconductedbothonhumansandanimalmodels.Gutmicrobialcompositionandfunctionsarestronglyinfluencedbydiet.Thiscomplexintestinal'superorganism'seemstoaffecthostmetabolicbalancemodulatingenergyabsorption,gutmotility,appetite,glucoseandlipidmetabolism,aswellashepaticfattystorage.Animpairmentofthefinebalancebetweengutmicrobesandhost’simmunesystemcouldculminateintheintestinaltranslocationofbacterialfragmentsandthedevelopmentof'metabolicendotoxemia',leadingtosystemicinflammationandinsulinresistance.Dietinducedweight-lossandbariatricsurgerypromotesignificantchangesofgutmicrobialcomposition,thatseemtoaffectthesuccess,ortheinefficacy,oftreatmentstrategies.Manipulationofgutmicrobiotathroughtheadministrationofprebioticsorprobioticscouldreduceintestinallowgradeinflammationandimprovegutbarrierintegrity,thus,amelioratingmetabolicbalanceandpromotingweightloss.However,furtherevidenceisneededtobetterunderstandtheirclinicalimpactandtherapeuticuse.

简介：AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) describes a set of risk factors that can eventually lead to the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. A detailed understanding of the MetS mechanism will be helpful in developing effective prevention strategies and appropriate intervention tools. In this article, we discuss the relationship between the clinical symptoms of MetS and differences in the gut microbial community compared with healthy individuals, characterized by the proliferation of potentially harmful bacteria and the inhibition of beneficial ones. Interactions between gut microbiota and host metabolism have been shown to be mediated by a number of factors, including inflammation caused by gut barrier defects, short-chain fatty acids metabolism, and bile acid metabolism. However, although we can clearly establish a causal relationship between gut microbial profiles and MetS in animal experiments, the relationship between them is still controversial in humans. Therefore, we need more clinical studies to augment our understanding of how we can manipulate the gut microbiota and address the role of the gut microbiota in the prevention and treatment of MetS.

简介：

简介：戴耳机工作的利弊“你叫他们的名字三四遍，却得不到一点反应。你打分机过去，他们不接，最后你只好冲他们扔橡皮筋。”

简介：生理社会时差会影响消化系统的运行,比如你吃早饭时,身体却以为在夜间,这可说明吃饭时间与肥胖的关系。一项新研究表明,闹钟可能会打乱身体的正常节奏,让人发胖。这项研究跟一种叫做＂社会时差＂的现象有关,该现象是指人们的自然睡眠模式与上学时间表和工作时间表之间的脱节程度。例如,很多人在周末起床晚,周一却要早起,这使身体产生社会时差。德国慕尼黑大学的研究者通过计算工作日和周末之间睡眠时间早晚的差距,测量了几万个16岁至65岁的人的社会时差,并构建了数学模型,

简介：1.BiochemicalstructureandmolecularactivityofmeldoniumMeldonium(commercialnameMildronate)wasoriginallysynthesizedinthemid-1970sattheInstituteofOrganicSynthesisoftheLatvianSovietSocialistRepublicAcademyofSciences.Thechemicalstructureofthiscompound(3-(2,2,2-

简介：EDITOR'SNOTE:Inaninterviewgivenoflatetoourstaffreporter,GaoQiang,ChineseMinisterofHealth,spokeontheachievementsmadebyChinainmedicalandhealthworkduringtheTenthFive-YearPlanperiod(2001-2005),thesoaringmedicalcoststhathaveinvokedmuchpubliccomplaint,waysofcarryingtodepththereformofthemedicalservicesystem,developmentoftheruralcooperativemedicalsystemandcommunity-basedmedicalservicesincities,aswellaspreventionandcontrolofAIDS.Followingisatranscriptoftheinterview.

简介：TheissueofhealthstatusandcarefortheelderlyinurbanandruralareasisbecomingincreasinglyseriousintherapidcontextofpopulationaginginChina.ThepaperanalyzedthehealthstatusofurbanandruralelderlyinChinainthetwo-weekmorbidityrate,prevalencerateofchronicdiseases,disabilitystatus,self-ratedhealthandhealthylifeexpectancyoftheelderlyusingthedatafromthe2006SamplingSurveyontheStatusofUrban/RuralAgedPopulationinChina,theFourthNationalHealthServiceSurveyandthe2006SecondChinaNationalSampleSurveyonDisability,toexplorethecurrentprovisionofsourcesofcarefortheelderlyandtrytomakesomepolicyrecommendationsabouttoimprovethehealthandcarefortheelderlypopulationfacingthecrisisofpopulationaging.

简介：ＨＥＡＬＴＨＢＲＩＥＦＳＣａｎｃｅｒＰａｔｉｅｎｔｓＬｅａｒｎｔｏＦｉｇｈｔｆｏｒＬｉｆｅＭｏｒｅｔｈａｎ１５０ｃａｎｃｅｒｓｕｆｆｅｒｅｒｓｉｎＳｈａｎｇｈａｉｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｈｅｌｐｅｄｔｏｒｅｇａｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｕｒａｇｅａｎｄｃｏｎｆｉｄｅｎｃ...

简介：

简介：AbstractExcessive consumption of fructose, the sweetest of all naturally occurring carbohydrates, has been linked to worldwide epidemics of metabolic diseases in humans, and it is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We provide an overview about the features of fructose metabolism, as well as potential mechanisms by which excessive fructose intake is associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases both in humans and rodents. To accomplish this aim, we focus on illuminating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of fructose metabolism as well as its signaling effects on metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis in health and disease, highlighting the role of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein in regulating fructose metabolism.

简介：

简介：Inthisarticle,theauthorlistedalotoffactstoillustratethehealthhazardsmaybemetduringtravel,anddescribedvarioushealthproblemcausedbythehazards.Travelersmayknowthesehazardsandthentakethenecessarypreventionmeasuresthroughtravelhealthconsultation.Andthetravelersthemselvesmayassistthedoctorsindiagnosisandcurethehealthproblemrelatedtotravel.Inthiswaythetravelershealthmaybeprotected.TheauthorpointedoutthattheChinesepeopleshouldcreatetheirownenvironmentandtrainstaffforthegraduallyinitialingoftravelhealthconsultation.

简介：

简介：

简介：Thispaperanalysedthetravellingeffectsonphysicalandpsychogicalsystems,whichwereactiveorinactive,Thepossiblemechanismswereexpounded.Itadvancedthatamoderateamountoftravelexercisewouldimprovephysicalandpsychologicalhealth.Butanamountofprolongedtravwlexercisecoulddoharmtobody,Thetravellershouldpayattentiontoregulateandprotectfromdiseasesthrougharighttravellingexercise.

简介：Jim身体不舒服去看医生，请看他们的谈话，看看Jim到底怎么了。

简介：AbstractDue to the increase in human population, habitat destruction, and the close interaction between humans, animals and the environment, these dynamic changes are a threat to the health of human, animal and environment. Therefore, we required intervention consisting of medical, veterinary, environment and other relevant disciplines and sectors in combination. If biological and environmental health is supposed to be optimum, cooperation and coordination is necessary between the multi-sectoral stakeholders responsible for the efforts. It not limits to a region or country on a worldwide scope. One Health encourages a collaborative, coordinated, and multidisciplinary approach to ensure the health and wellbeing of humans, animals, and the environment across different spatial levels, it aims to optimal health for lives and the environment, and recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment. This review discussed the essential to integrate One Health in the areas of infectious diseases, food safety, antimicrobial resistance, ecological environment, and chronic diseases etc., and discuss the practice of One Health in each area with some examples, hoping that One Health will serve as a framework to solve the challenges and issues facing China.

简介：AbstractBackground:A One Health approach has been increasingly mainstreamed by the international community, as it provides for holistic thinking in recognizing the close links and inter-dependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment. However, the dearth of real-world evidence has hampered application of a One Health approach in shaping policies and practice. This study proposes the development of a potential evaluation tool for One Health performance, in order to contribute to the scientific measurement of One Health approach and the identification of gaps where One Health capacity building is most urgently needed.Methods:We describe five steps towards a global One Health index (GOHI), including (i) framework formulation; (ii) indicator selection; (iii) database building; (iv) weight determination; and (v) GOHI scores calculation. A cell-like framework for GOHI is proposed, which comprises an external drivers index (EDI), an intrinsic drivers index (IDI) and a core drivers index (CDI). We construct the indicator scheme for GOHI based on this framework after multiple rounds of panel discussions with our expert advisory committee. A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is adopted to determine the weights for each of the indicators.Results:The weighted indicator scheme of GOHI comprises three first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 57 third-level indicators. According to the pilot analysis based on the data from more than 200 countries/territories the GOHI scores overall are far from ideal (the highest score of 65.0 out of a maximum score of 100), and we found considerable variations among different countries/territories (31.8-65.0). The results from the pilot analysis are consistent with the results from a literature review, which suggests that a GOHI as a potential tool for the assessment of One Health performance might be feasible.Conclusions:GOHI—subject to rigorous validation—would represent the world’s first evaluation tool that constructs the conceptual framework from a holistic perspective of One Health. Future application of GOHI might promote a common understanding of a strong One Health approach and provide reference for promoting effective measures to strengthen One Health capacity building. With further adaptations under various scenarios, GOHI, along with its technical protocols and databases, will be updated regularly to address current technical limitations, and capture new knowledge.