简介：MartinRenner，从事雅思教学和研究多年，深谙中西文化异同，用跨文化的视角，深入浅出地分析各种常见口语错误的成因及解决方案。本期，作者将继续为您指出中国考生在雅思口语考试中最常见的口语错误，愿借此让读者学习到大量实用地道的英语表达。

简介：Correctionisprovidedintheorallanguageclass-roomtohelplearnersidentifyproblematicareas,re-formulaterulesintheirminds,sospeakmoreaccu-rately.However,manycorrectiontechniquesseemtofrustrateandintimidateratherthanenlighten.Thisarticlereviewscurrentcorrectiontechniques.Itthendescribeshowcertainfeaturesoftheclozeprocedurecanbeadaptedintoasimplecorrectionprocedureef-fectiveinelicitingself-andpeer-correctionfromstu-dents.

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简介：Insightsintolearnererrorsvarygreatly:Contrastiveanalystsholdtheviewthaterrorsarefaultyversionofthetargetlanguageandsignsoflearningfailureandthusmustbecorrected;Corderregardslearnererrorsasevidenceofthelearner’sactivelearningandasthemostimportantsourceofinformationaboutthenatureofhisknowledge;DulayandBurl’sresearchshowsthatlearnererrorsaredevelopmental;Taronenoticesthatoccurrenceoflearnererrorschangesindifferentsituationsaccordingtodifferenttasks;Krashenmaintainsthatlearnererrorscanbetotallyignoredforthesimplereasonthattheywilldisappearatacertainstage.Wesuggestthaterrorcorrectiontakeintoconsiderationthefollowingfactors:(l)source,(2)type,(S)acquisitionorder,(4)tasktypeandcontext;andthaterrorcorrectionshouldn’t(1)hindercommunication,(2)discouragethelearner,(3)putthelearneronthedefensive,(4)causeanxiety.

简介：ThegeneralresultsonconvergenceoftheIshikawaiterationprocedureswitherrorsforLipschitzianφ-strongpseudo-contractionsandnonlinearoperatorequationsofφ-stronglyaccretivetypeisestablishedinarbitraryBanachspaces.Asthedirectapplications,somestabilityresultsoftheIshikawaiterationmethodsforψ-strongpseudo-contractionsandnonlinearoperatorequationsofφstrnglyaccretivetypearealsogiven.OurresultsinthispaperimproveandextendtherecentresultsduetoOsilikeandotherauthors.

简介：Inordertogiveacompleteandaccuratedescriptionaboutthesensitivityofefficientportfoliostochangesinassets'expectedreturns,variancesandcovariances,thejointeffectofestimationerrorsinmeans,variancesandcovariancesontheefficientportfolio'sweightsisinvestigatedinthispaper.Itisprovedthattheefficientportfolio'scompositionisaLipschitzcontinuous,differentiablemappingoftheseparametersundersuitableconditions.Thechangerateoftheefficientportfolio'sweightswithrespecttovariationsaboutriskreturnestimationsisderivedbyestimatingtheLipschitzconstant.Ourgeneralquantitativeresultsshowthattheefficientportfolio''sweightsarenormallynotsosensitivetoestimationerrorsaboutmeansandvariances.Moreover,wepointoutthoseextremecaseswhichmightcausestabilityproblemsandhowtoavoidtheminpractice.Preliminarynumericalresultsarealsoprovidedasanillustrationtoourtheoreticalresults.

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简介：IntroductionTheattitudestowardsforeignlearners’errorshavechangedremarkablyfromthe1960storecentyears.Intheeyesofbehaviouristsinthe1960s,errorswereconsideredterrible.Teacherstriedtostructuretheclassroomsituationsoastomakeitideallyimpossibleforstudentstomakeerrors.SincetheevolutionofChomsky’stheoryandmodernism,teachershavebeguntobelievethatcommunicationinthelanguageismoreimportantthanasterileperfectionofform.andtherefore,theyhavebecomemoretolerantofstudents’errors.Makingerrorshasbeenrecognisedmoreandmoreasinevitableandasanessentialpartoflanguagelearning.

简介：Polygonalmodelsarepopularrepresentationsof3Dobjects.Theuseofpolygonalmodelsincomputationalapplicationsoftenrequiresamodeltoproperlybounda3Dsolid.Thatis,thepolygonalmodelneedstobeclosed,manifold,andfreeofself-intersections.Thispapersurveysasizeableliteratureforrepairingmodelsthatdonotsatisfythiscriteria,focusingoncategorizingthembytheirmethodologyandcapability.Wehopetoofferpointerstofurtherreadingsforresearchersandpractitioners,andsuggestionsofpromisingdirectionsforfutureresearchendeavors.

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简介：Inthecontextoftowermeasuredradiationdatasets.followingthecorrectionprinciplemeetingadiagnosticequationindataqualitycontrolandintermsofatechniqueformodelconstructionondataandANN(artificialneuralnetwork)retrievalforBPcorrectionofradiationmeasurementswithrougherrorsavailable,aBPmodelispresented.Evidencesuggeststhatthedevelopedmodelworkswellandissuperiortoaconvenientmultivariatelinearregressionmodel,indicatingitswideapplications.

简介：The students are then asked to make a decision,a reader must be equipped with both the knowledge of language and of the world,and the second speaker wants to tell that a man is no more necessary to a woman than a bicycle to a fish. The Chinese student might feel at a loss for the meaning because he or she often overlooks the confusing

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简介：Thispaperstudiesthemodel-robustdesignproblemforgeneralmodelswithanunknownbiasorcontaminationandthecorrelatederrors.ThetrueresponsefunctionisassumedtobefromareproducingkernelHilbertspaceandtheerrorsarefittedbytheqthordermovingaverageprocessMA(q),especiallytheMA(1)errorsandtheMA(2)errors.Inbothsituations,designcriteriaarederivedintermsoftheaverageexpectedquadraticlossfortheleastsquaresestimationbyusingaminimaxmethod.Acaseisstudiedandtheorthogonalityofthecriteriaisprovedforthisspecialresponse.Therobustnessofthedesigncriteriaisdiscussedthroughseveralnumericalexamples.

简介：InthispaperthelimitingdistributionoftheleastsquareestimatefortheautoregressivecoefficientofanearlyunitrootmodelwithGARCHerrorsisderived.Sincethelimitingdistributiondependsontheunknownvarianceoftheerrors,anempiricallikelihoodratiostatisticisproposedfromwhichconfidenceintervalscanbeconstructedforthenearlyunitrootmodelwithoutknowingthevariance.Togainanintuitivesensefortheempiricallikelihoodratio,asmallsimulationfortheasymptoticdistributionisgiven.

简介：Atestforlinearityintimeserieswithβ-ARCHerrorsisproposedinthispaper.Theempiricalpercentagepointsfortsetstatisticarealsogiven.Thesimulatingresultsundernormalandnon-normalerrordistributionsshowthattestsuggestedbyusisverypower

简介：ThepaperpresentsandprovesanapproximateoptimalrelationshipbetweensamplesizenandacceptancenumbercinthesamplingplansunderimperfectinspectionwhichminimizetheBayesianrisk.TheconclusiongeneralizestheresultobtainedbyA.Haldontheassumptionthattheinspectionisperfect.

简介：在季风发行量上与亚洲夏天季风和他们的影响的预言联系的风地的系统的错误在这份报纸被学习了。每天运作的分析和预报(直到day-5)预报的中等范围天气(NCMRWF)的国家中心，印度在为时期6月的亚洲夏天季风领域上，1995的7月和8月为目的被成为使用。与低级流动联系的系统的错误描出，在贸易的力量的减小弯屈导致在印度洋上生气赤道的流动以及西的流动变弱。上面的水平误差意味着在回来流动的强度西藏的反气旋和减小变弱进南部的半球。进一步，这些错误随预报时期的增加表示成长趋势。除了动能预算学期的一般低估，模型预报没能代表短暂旋涡。预报显示在旋涡的变换的增加的趋势意味着动能。这些错误使衰弱有预报时期的增加的亚洲夏天季风循环。关键词季风-系统的错误-动能预算作者对为提供数据和计算设备执行现在的学习的NCMRWF感激。

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