简介：

简介：Hypoxia-induciblefactor1(HIF-1)attenuatesamyloid-betaproteinneurotoxicityanddecreasesapoptosisinducedbyoxidativestressorhypoxiaincorticalneurons.Inthisstudy,weconstructedarecombinantadeno-associatedvirus(rAAV)vectorexpressingthehumanHIF-1αgene(rAAV-HIF-1α),andtestedtheassumptionthatrAAV-HIF-1αrepresseshippocampalneuronalapoptosisinducedbyamyloid-betaprotein.OurresultsconfirmedthatrAAV-HIF-1αsignificantlyreducesapoptosisinducedbyamyloid-betaproteininprimaryculturedhippocampalneurons.DirectintracerebralrAAV-HIF-1αadministrationalsoinducedrobustandprolongedHIF-1αproductioninrathippocampus.SinglerAAV-HIF-1αadministrationresultedindecreasedapoptosisofhippocampalneuronsinanAlzheimer’sdiseaseratmodelestablishedbyintracerebroventricularinjectionofaggregatedamyloid-betaprotein(25–35).OurinvitroandinvivofindingsdemonstratethatHIF-1haspotentialforattenuatinghippocampalneuronalapoptosisinducedbyamyloid-betaprotein,andprovidesexperimentalsupportfortreatmentofneurodegenerativediseasesusinggenetherapy.

简介：GinsenosideRg1（Rg1）hasanti-agingandanti-neurodegenerativeeffects.However,themechanismsunderlyingtheseactionsremainunclear.TheaimofthepresentstudywastodeterminewhetherRg1affectshippocampalsurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthinvitroafterexposuretoamyloid-betapeptidefragment25–35(Aβ25–35),andtoexplorewhethertheextracellularsignal-regulatedkinase（ERK）andAktsignalingpathwaysareinvolvedinthesebiologicalprocesses.Weculturedhippocampalneuronsfromnewbornratsfor24hours,thenaddedRg1tothemediumforanother24hours,withorwithoutpharmacologicalinhibitorsofthemitogen-activatedproteinkinase（MAPK）familyorAktsignalingpathwaysforafurther24hours.Wethenimmunostainedtheneuronsforgrowthassociatedprotein-43,andmeasuredneuritelength.Inaseparateexperiment,weexposedculturedhippocampalneuronstoAβ25–35for30minutes,beforeaddingRg1for48hours,withorwithoutAktorMAPKinhibitors,andassessedneuronalsurvivalusingHoechst33258staining,andphosphorylationofERK1/2andAktbywesternblotanalysis.Rg1inducedneuriteoutgrowth,andthiseffectwasblockedbyAPI-2（Aktinhibitor）andPD98059（MAPK/ERKkinaseinhibitor）,butnotbySP600125orSB203580（inhibitorsofc-JunN-terminalkinaseandp38MAPK,respectively）.Consistentwiththiseffect,Rg1upregulatedthephosphorylationofAktandERK1/2;theseeffectswerereversedbyAPI-2andPD98059,respectively.Inaddition,Rg1significantlyreversedAβ25–35-inducedapoptosis;thiseffectwasblockedbyAPI-2andPD98059,butnotbySP600125orSB203580.Finally,Rg1significantlyreversedtheAβ25–35-induceddecreaseinAktandERK1/2phosphorylation,butAPI-2preventedthisreversal.OurresultsindicatethatRg1enhancesneuriteoutgrowthandprotectsagainstAβ25–35-induceddamage,andthatitsmechanismmayinvolvetheactivationofAktandERK1/2signaling.更多还原

简介：目的筛选有效的MRP1siRNA序列,为RNAi的体内外研究提供依据.方法利用Dharmacon公司的RNA在线工具,设计了4对针对MRP1基因不同区域的siRNA序列,分别转染至U251等三种肿瘤细胞,采用荧光转染试剂观察转染效率;采用RT-PCR和Westernblot检测MRP1mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果siRNA1、siRNA2、siRNA3、siRNA4四对序列分别转染上述三种肿瘤细胞后的RT-PCR实验结果说明siRNA2和siRNA4对MRPmRNA有较强的抑制作用.结论siRNA2、siRNA4是可有效抑制MRP基因表达的序列.

简介：目的探讨脑梗死病人血清肝细胞生长因子（Hepatocytegrowthfactor,HGF）和可溶性细胞间粘附分子（Solubleintercellularadhesionmolecule-1,sICAM-1）的水平及临床意义。方法采用双抗体酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定63例脑梗死病人急性期、恢复期和25例健康对照组血清HGF、sICAM-1的水平。结果脑梗死病人急性期血清HGF、sICAM-1水平显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,且在轻、中、重型之间比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01～0.05）。在恢复期与对照组比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论脑梗死病人急性期血清HGF、sICAM-1水平升高,推测HGF作为神经营养因子参与脑梗死后脑损伤的修复,sICAM-1作为炎症/免疫因子参与了脑梗死的病理过程。血清GHF、sICAM-1水平随神经功能缺损严重程度增加而增高,可作为病情严重程度的参考指标。

简介：成年哺乳动物周围神经系统损伤后可有效再生，但中枢神经系统损伤后却很难再生。在分子途径促进损伤中枢神经系统轴突再生的研究中，发现了3种髓磷脂相关抑制性蛋白：Nogo、髓鞘相关糖蛋白（myelinassociatedglycoprotein，MAG）、少突胶质细胞髓鞘糖蛋白（oligodendroeytemyelinglycoprotein，OMgp）在中枢神经系统损伤后发挥着抑制轴突生长的作用，并发现Nogo—A、MAG、OMgp存在于中枢白质的髓鞘内外环和少突胶质细胞的表面，通过与共同受体NgR1特异性结合诱导生长锥塌陷并抑制轴突生长。进而提出了通过阻断NgR1复合物及其下游的信号转导途径来促进神经元轴突再生的设想。本文拟对近年来关于NgR1复合物的研究加以综述。

简介：目的探讨siRNA对人神经胶质瘤细胞U251的多药耐药的影响,为RNAi的体内研究提供依据。方法利用已初步筛选有效的MRP1siRNA序列,转染U251等三种肿瘤细胞,采用逆转录酶聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和Westernblot检测MRP1mRNA和蛋白的表达;采用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（3-（4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide,MTT）法检测细胞对化疗药物的敏感性改变。结果细胞转染siRNA2和siRNA4,反转录聚合酶链式反应（reversetranscription-PCR,RT-PCR）和Westernblot结果显示转染后多药耐药相关蛋白1（multidrugresistanec-associatedprotein1,MRP1）mRNA和蛋白的表达较未转染组均明显下降;药敏结果显示,转染后肿瘤细胞对表柔比星和长春新碱的敏感性增加,而对紫杉醇的敏感性没有明显改变;RT-PCR、Westernblot和MTT实验证实siRNA2是最有效的siRNA序列。结论siRNA2是体外实验中筛选出的最有效的抑制MRP基因表达的序列,针对MRP1的siRNA通过降低MRP1mRNA和蛋白的表达,可使肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的敏感性增强,逆转肿瘤细胞的多药耐药。

简介：脑囊虫病是中枢神经系统最常见的寄生虫感染性疾病，临床表现复杂多样，目前尚无统一分型标准，且治疗方案不统一，疗程长短不一，疗效判断标准不一。为了对本病的临床特点有更多认识，现就我院2000年1月～2005年12月收治的53例脑囊虫病患者的临床特点作如下分析。

简介：患者,男性,16岁,无明显诱因出现右面部、右上肢麻木20余天入院.查体:神志清楚.右侧颜面部触觉减退,痛觉过敏.右侧上下肢痛觉过敏,触觉减弱.深感觉双侧对称.四肢肌力均为5级.各深肌腱反射对称,双侧病理征阳性.CT示:左侧丘脑区类圆形结节影,混杂密度,周围水肿明显(图1).MRI示:左侧丘脑区占位,大小3.0cm×3.2cm×3.0cm,等T1长T2信号,且信号不均匀,周围可见水肿带环绕,增强扫描肿块明显强化,不均匀(图2-4).胸部X线提示:双上肺斑点及条索状致密影,界限欠清,考虑肺结核.

简介：患者男，62岁，教师，因突发头痛、呕吐、右侧肢体无力2h于2007年2月21日入院。患者入院前2h安静中突发头痛，以左颞部为甚，恶心、呕吐，言语不清。即来我院就诊，头颅CT示胼胝体高密度片状影延及顶叶．脑实质内未见异常密度灶，纵裂池及侧裂池密度增高，中线结构无移位。查体：血压21．3／12kPa，嗜睡状态，唤醒后能简单回答问题．但答非所问，烦躁不安，

简介：CJD为Creutzfeldt—Jakobdisease的简称，又称皮质纹状体脊髓变性，是由具有感染性的蛋白质一朊蛋白（prionprotein，PrP）引起。CJD多在中年以后发病，以进行性痴呆、肌阵挛、锥体束征或锥体外系症状为主要临床表现，病理表现为大脑海绵状变性、神经细胞脱失及星形胶质细胞增生，免疫组化PrPsc阳性。本病预后极差，死亡率100％。临床较少见，且容易误诊，现将我院收治的1例病例报道如下。

简介：患者男，出生后发现头同增大并气促1周入院（2007年3月26日）。患儿足月，因“胎儿窘迫”行剖宫产取出．出生体重3．25k，无窒息抢救史，1、3、5minApgar评分均为10分。患儿出生后出现气促，呼吸不规则，烦躁，易激惹，肢体震颤。查体：哭时口角左歪，右面部纹理较左深，头围由出生时34cm进展为36．5cm，前囟由2．5cm×2．5cm进展为6cm×6cm，双上肢肌力稍减低。

简介：目的：调查35-45岁之间女性睡眠障碍的主要症状表现。方法：采用问卷调查的方法。结果：睡眠障碍越重,症状越多。疲劳、头晕、头疼、烦躁的发生率较高。睡眠障碍者伴有月经失调者达48.3%,二者相关较高。结论：睡眠障碍伴随症状,与睡眠质量的优劣呈正相关。

简介：Theactiveingredientofginseng,ginsenosidesRg1,hasbeenshowntoscavengefreeradicalsandimproveantioxidantcapacity.ThisstudyhypothesizedthatginsenosidesRg1hasaprotectiveroleinhumanneuroblastomacellsinjuredbyH_2O_2.GinsenosidesRg1atdifferentconcentrations(50and100μM)wasusedtotreatH_2O_2(150μM)-injuredSH-SY5Ycells.ResultsdemonstratedthatginsenosideRg1elevatedthesurvivalrateofSH-SY5YcellsinjuredbyH_2O_2,diminishedtheamountofleakedlactatedehydrogenase,andincreasedsuperoxidedismutaseactivity.GinsenosideRg1effectivelysuppressedcaspase-3immunoreactivity,andcontributedtoheatshockprotein70geneexpression,inadose-dependentmanner.TheseresultsindicatethatginsenosideRg1hasprotectiveeffectsonSH-SY5YcellsinjuredbyH_2O_2andthatitsmechanismofactionisassociatedwithanti-oxidationandtheinhibitionofapoptosis.

简介：目的同步考量脑损伤后大鼠与认知功能较为密切的脑区N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体1（NMDAR1）表达与认知功能的变化。方法参照Feeney法建立大鼠创伤性脑损伤模型，伤后1d，2d，4d，7d1）．2免疫组化SABC法检测大鼠额叶皮质、海马区、基底前脑区NMDAR1表达，以行走实验、平衡实验及记忆功能测定评估大鼠认知障碍变化。结果轻、中型脑损伤组大鼠于伤后2d认知障碍最严重，分别于伤后3，7d基本恢复正常。轻型、中型脑损伤组脑额叶皮质、海马区、基底前脑区NMDAR1均于伤后1d升高，于2d降至较低水平后再呈缓慢增高趋势，与认知障碍变化趋势呈同步变化，且中型脑损伤组NMDAR1表达高于假手术组与轻型脑损伤组（P〈0．05）。结论大鼠经创伤性脑损伤后，额叶皮质、海马区、基底前脑区细胞中的NMDAR1含量和损伤后认知障碍的变化趋势有相似性；创伤性脑损伤后表达增加的NMDAR1对大鼠认知功能有加重损害作用。

简介：BACKGROUND:Animalexperimentshaveconfirmedthatbonemarrowstromalcell(BMSC)transplantationcanserveasatreatmentforepilepsy.OBJECTIVE:BMSCsderivedfromgreenfluorescentprotein(GFP)miceweretransplantedintothehippocampalCA1regionofepilepticrats.Theaimofthestudywastorecordelectroencephalogram(EEG),analyzesurvivalandmigrationofBMSCs,andvalidatetheeffectofBMSCtransplantationforthetreatmentofepilepsy.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:ArandomizedblockdesignexperimentwasperformedattheInstituteofNeuroscience,KunmingMedicalCollegefromMarch2005toFebruary2006.MATERIALS:HomozygousC57BL/6CrSlcTgN(acr-EGFP)OsbC14-Y01-FM131mice,8-12weeksofage,wereselectedforpreparationofcellsuspension.SpragueDawleyratswereselectedforestablishingepilepsymodels.METHODS:Ratswererandomlydividedinto4groups:control(n=8),model(n=8),normalsaline(n=24),andBMSC(n=24).Inthemodel,normalsaline,andBMSCgroups,epilepsywasestablishedwithpenicillin(3×107U/kgi.p.×7days).RatsintheBMSCgroupreceivedaBMSCsuspensionderivedfromgreenfluorescentproteinmiceintotherighthippocampalCA1region.RatsinthevehiclecontrolgroupwereinjectedwiththesamevolumeofnormalsalineintothehippocampalCA1region.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Theelectroencephalogramwasusedtomonitorbrainactivity.SurvivalandmigrationofthetransplantedBMSCswasobservedusingfluorescencemicroscopyat1,2,and4weeksaftertransplantation.RESULTS:InBMSCgroup,fluorescentcellswereobservedatthetransplantationsiteandintheadjacenttissue,aswellasinthetissuesurroundingtheneedletract,indicatingthemigrationofimplantedcells.Fluorescentcellswerenotdetectedinthevehiclecontrolgroup.Theelectroencephalogramofthecontrolanimalsexhibited7-9Hzαwaves,withawaveamplitude<50μV.Inthemodelandvehiclecontrolgroups,randomspike-and-wavedischargesofthesharpspike-sharplowwavetyp

简介：目的探讨Notch信号通路在人脑胶质瘤发展中的作用。方法收集脑胶质瘤组织标本60例,其中Ⅰ-Ⅱ级胶质瘤35例及Ⅲ-Ⅳ级胶质瘤25例,并取22例瘤旁正常脑组织标本作为对照。采用半定量RT-PCR方法检测这些标本中Notch-lmRNA的表达。结果Notch-1mRNA在人脑胶质瘤中的表达显著高于正常脑组织（P〈0.01）,且在Ⅲ~Ⅳ级胶质瘤组中的表达显著高于Ⅰ-Ⅱ级组（P〈0.01）。相关性研究发现,Notch-1mRNA的表达与人脑胶质瘤病理分级呈正相关（r=0.706,P〈0.01）。结论Notch-1mRNA在人正常脑组织和脑胶质瘤中均有表达,但其在脑胶质瘤中的表达与脑胶质瘤的病理分级呈正相关。

简介：BACKGROUND:Epidemiologicstudieshaveindicatedthattheincidenceofstrokeinpremenopausalfemalesislowerthaninmalesatthesameage,butitsignificantlyrisesinpostmenopausalfemales.Estrogenisusedclinicallytoalleviateinjurycausedbycerebralischemia.Ithasbeenhypothesizedthattheneuroprotectiveroleofestrogenrelatestoangiopoietin(Angpt),whichplaysanimportantroleinvascularization,vascularremodelingandmaturation.OBJECTIVE:Toobserveandvalidatetheeffectofestradiolonangiopoietin-1(Angpt1)mRNAexpressioninovariectomizedratswithfocalcerebralischemiaafterreperfusion,soastoexplorethemolecularmechanismsofestradiol-mediatedprotectionfromcerebralischemicdamage.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Randomized,controlled,molecularbiology,prospectiveanimalstudy.TheexperimentwasperformedattheCentralLaboratoryofChongqingMedicalUniversityfromSeptembertoDecember2005.MATERIALS:Fiftyhealthyfemalewildtype(WT)ratsaged6monthsandfiftyfemaleratsaged6monthswithknockoutoftheestrogen-alphareceptorgene(ERKO).METHODS:WTratsandERKOratsweredividedintoestradiolandcontrolgroups(n=25),andinjectedin-tramuscularlywithestradiolbenzoate(100μg/kgperday)orcornoil(1mL/kgperday)for7days,30daysafterbilateralovariectomy.Ratmodelsofcerebralischemia/reperfusionwereestablishedwiththemiddlecerebralarteryocclusionmethod.After30minutesofmiddlecerebralarteryocclusion,ratsfromtheestradiolandcontrolgroupswereinjectedintramuscularlywithestradiolbenzoateorcornoilattheabovedose.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Weusedradio-immunityanalysisandlaser-Dopplerflowmetrytomeasureplasmaestradiollevelsandchangesincerebralbloodflow.WeusedimmunohistochemicalstainingofCD34epitopestomeasurechangesinthecapillarydensityinbrainfollowingcerebralischemia/reperfusion,andquantitativeRT-PCRanalysistoassessmRNAexpressionlevelsofAngpt1,Angpt2,Tie2,vascu

简介：目的探讨脑卒中继发癫痫的临床特点.方法回顾分析724例脑卒中患者中继发癫痫发作的74例病例的临床资料.结果脑卒中的发生率为10.22%,与脑卒中的病灶部位有明显相关性,皮质病灶显著高于皮质下病灶(P<0.01);与卒中类型无明显相关性.卒中急性期癫痫发生率较恢复期癫痫发生率为高,二者相比有显著性差异.结论急性期癫痫发作较易控制,晚期发作癫痫则须进行严格系统的抗癫痫治疗.

简介：目的探讨盐酸万拉法新治疗各种精神障碍的疗效与副反应。方法对2002年4月-2004年4月在张家口市沙岭子医院精神科门诊的各种精神障碍患者，包括抑郁症、抑郁性神经症、焦虑症、神经衰弱、强迫症、疑病症等，作回顾性研究，应用漠密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、症状自评表量、强迫症量表（Y-BOCS）、药物副反应量表评定疗效和药物不良反应。结果万拉法新对某些精神障碍均有一定的疗效，且副反应轻。结论万拉法新是一种起效较快的抗抑郁药，对某些精神障碍有一定的疗效，且较为安全。